"Plastic?" Fu Shan frowned: "Your Majesty, the common people have come into contact with celluloid in their hometown. As for this formula, although I am only Teacher Wu's assistant now and have no right to check it. But according to the common people's speculation, this should be

It is a recombination of two or even multiple substances mixed together, which involves quite complex physical and chemical knowledge."

"Yes." It's easy to talk to a genius. Zhu Youdong said happily: "Celluloid is the simplest plastic. On top of it, there are more materials that are lighter in weight, higher in strength, and have better insulation.

Plastics with better heat resistance. You see, celluloid is now very popular in Ming Dynasty, right? What if better plastics come out? This is an endless road."

"...It's quite interesting." After muttering something in a low voice, Fu Shan saluted solemnly: "The common people have accepted what the emperor has said. Well, in terms of equipment and funds, I think the emperor will not be stingy.

Not much to say. Just, in terms of assistants?"

This guy actually used words to bully me?

"Haha, Fu Shan, where is the assistant? You can go to Fangshan Middle School to find one yourself. But for your colleague, I have already prepared one for you."

After saying this, following Zhu Youdong's fingers, everyone noticed that since the emperor entered Fangshan, in addition to Fang Zhenghua, there was also a man in his fifties or sixties, wearing a green uniform of a low-level official.

of middle-aged and elderly people.

Although the emperor has always been pleasant to the scientists at Fangshan, he is the head of a country, so even though he tries to simplify it as much as possible, the ostentation is not small. Every time he comes to Fangshan with the emperor, there are always dozens of people - like this

Even if the emperor didn't introduce low-level officials, everyone thought they were ordinary ministers.

"Everyone, let me introduce to you. This is Wang Zheng, named Liangfu. He is from the Xi'an Prefecture of Shaanxi Province. Liangfu was a Jinshi in the fourth year of Tianqi. He has been working as an official in various places over the years. He was transferred in the past two years.

He went to Yangzhou in southern Zhili to work as an official. During the period, His Highness King Xin traced the stolen money and traced it to Yangzhou Mansion according to the map, and received his strong support. Therefore, His Highness King Xin recommended him to me. This time I visited the world and went to Yangzhou Mansion.

After meeting Liangfu and having an in-depth conversation, I realized that Liangfu is a great talent in science and technology. Therefore, I asked him to follow him throughout the Ming Dynasty, and then planned to let him directly enter Fangshan as a professor."

Wang Zheng was not as well-known in the history books as Xu Guangqi, and he was only awarded Jinshi at the age of fifty-two. Therefore, Zhu Youdong did not take advantage of the time traveler and directly slipped him out.

But after Zhu Youjian recommended him to him, and after an in-depth discussion, he slapped his forehead: Isn’t this the great scientist who was known as the Northern King of Southern Xu (Guangqi) in the 17th century? How could I have missed him?

?

So he happily asked Wang Zheng to put on his bedroll and follow him.

As a great mathematician of this era, Wang Zheng's talent in mathematics is extremely high. According to Zhu Youdong's idea, he originally wanted Wang Zheng to preside over the Department of Mathematics after he went to Fangshan: After Matteo Ricci, Fangshan himself

Li Guojun, the top mathematician he trained, has become the director of the State Administration for Industry and Commerce. Currently, Fang Shan’s mathematical research seems to be lacking in success.

But after Jiange had an in-depth talk with Richelieu, he keenly discovered the crisis: Ming Dynasty's technology tree was somewhat lagging behind. And once materials scientists started to work hard, they would probably first make money from plastics, right? Now, due to the EU's attack

The alliance between the Ming Dynasty and the Ottomans has in fact ceased. It is almost impossible to get new plastic formulas from Ibrahim - besides, getting them from others is ultimately backward.

, and it will be controlled by others, how can it have the toughness that it has developed by itself?

Therefore, he had already considered the idea of ​​setting up a specialized plastics laboratory when he returned to Fangshan: Fangshan’s original professors each specialized in different things. After they deepened their expertise in various fields, one Not willing to change direction, secondly, it is not easy to change direction. Fang Shan, if you want to develop new projects, you must add new blood.

Therefore, Wang Zheng was the person in charge of the plastic laboratory that he had originally scheduled.

Of course, Fu Shan was a surprise: Wang Zheng was too old after all. Although this old man would have lived a long life if Li Zicheng hadn't been forced to do so in history. But after all, he was almost sixty years old. This divergence of thinking The sex is still a bit worse.

Well, that's it, combine old and young, I hope you can achieve the effect of one plus one being greater than two.

...

The emperor returned to Beijing only after 40 months, and then went directly to Fangshan without even returning home. This actually sent a strong signal: Ming Dynasty's technological research and development must be accelerated.

Therefore, before the State Council meeting the next day, the current Secretary of the Ministry of Revenue, Wang Shaozheng, summoned relevant personnel from the Ministry of Revenue overnight and made a memorial "Please allocate more research and development funds to Fangshan Research Institute" and prepared to take pictures of the emperor at tomorrow's meeting. Flattery - this great Situ's attitude towards the emperor was much softer than that of his predecessors.

As a result, when it came time for the formal meeting, he and several colleagues were shocked by what Xiong Manzi brought out.

"Your Majesty, in the past three years, in accordance with the Emperor's decree, I have convened colleagues with expertise in criminal justice across the country, and have consulted Qin documents, legalist works, and legal provisions of European and Western countries, especially ancient Rome. Combined with the actual situation of our Ming Dynasty, I have repeatedly written , revision, as of today, the first drafts of the four codes, "Huang Ming Charter", "Commercial Code", "Civil Code", and "Criminal Code" have been completed, and the emperor and all superior officials are invited to review them."

"Very good, thank you for your hard work, Mr. Xiong, and thank you for your hard work to everyone who participated in the compilation of the code."

The legal system of the Chinese Empire was inherited in an orderly manner and its development process was very clear.

The laws of the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties were mainly based on customary law, and the judgments were more based on past cases. But after all, that period was a period of ignorance, so the laws of these three generations were full of theocratic ideas.

Needless to say, the Qin Dynasty was the most notorious among the many dynasties in the Chinese Empire in terms of legal system.

Generally speaking, the legal system of the Han Dynasty is pretty good. It is basically the embodiment of Xunzi's thought: "Long etiquette and respect for the law, Confucianism and the rule of law." That is, cruel punishments should still be used to rule the people, but not as much as Qin's law. To put it bluntly, it is necessary to wrap a layer of Confucian benevolence, righteousness and morality on the outside. In the words of Emperor Xuan of the Han Dynasty, it is "The Han family has its own system, which is based on the overlord's way."

Generally speaking, except for the explicit provisions in the Han Dynasty that people who committed crimes could pay for the crime with money or use their younger brother to pay for the crime, other provisions were quite reasonable, at least in the era before and after BC.

During the Jin Dynasty and the Southern and Northern Dynasties, the golden age of aristocratic families, China almost slipped into the abyss of the caste system. The law clearly stipulates inequality between people, and it also clearly stipulates that if an official commits a crime, he can first use his official position to pay for the crime. , if you can’t pay off your official position with money, you can continue to pay for it. After you finish paying off your sins, because your family background is still there, you can go home and rest for a while, and then you may resume your position as a high-ranking official, and then you can continue to commit crimes in a cool way...

The laws of the Sui and Tang Dynasties were the richest and most comprehensive laws in ancient China. However, the most criticized thing by later generations was the delineation of different social classes, and each class had its own rights and obligations before the law.

However, from the perspective of Zhu Youdong's current position as emperor, this so-called biggest criticism is actually the good intentions of the rulers of the Sui and Tang Dynasties: this was the last struggle of the aristocratic family before their death, and their performance was extremely crazy. In order to effectively protect ordinary people

Common people, to further restrict aristocratic families, it is better for our royal family to directly write down their respective rights and obligations in law. In this way, although the rights of small people are few, they can be protected. Although aristocratic families have many rights, they cannot exceed the scope of the law.

——This is an exquisite setting based on reality.

There is not much to say about Dacoin. His legal contributions are mainly reflected in economic legislation. Others are all negative effects. The emperor can add or delete legal provisions at will and convict people at will. In order to limit the emperor's power, the ministers introduced

Moral legislation was introduced—the laws of the Chinese Empire thus took a wrong turn.

The laws of the Yuan Dynasty were full of ethnic discrimination and oppression, and they were extremely rough and there was nothing much to say.

As for the Ming Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty fell deeper into the evil path of moral governance than the Ming Dynasty.

In short, when summarizing the laws of past dynasties, although there are many merits, there are even more fatal flaws.

As a modern person, especially a loyal supporter of evidence-based medicine, Zhu Youdong likes regulations, likes that everything has laws to follow, and likes the equality of rights and obligations. Therefore, this forces people all over the country to become hypocrites in the Ming Dynasty's legal system

, he has long wanted to take action.

However, just as the emperors of the Sui and Tang Dynasties faced reality, they could only use open inequality to protect small-scale equality. Changing a country's legal system is a huge project, and it is definitely not something he can do whatever he wants.

For this reason, he tolerated it for nearly thirty years. Since he became the supervisor of the country, it has continued to be subtle for more than ten years through newspaper public opinion, archaeological objects and his own work philosophy. The most important thing is that now, the Ming Dynasty has started

The Industrial Revolution has been more than ten years, and the real bourgeoisie has been formed. Therefore, only now can he dare to truly carry out thorough changes in the Ming Dynasty's legal system.

"Your Majesty, gentlemen." Xiong Tingbi's powerful baritone voice sounded in the venue: "The draft of the "Emperor-Ming Charter" is divided into a preface, a general outline, the rights and responsibilities of the emperor, the inheritance of the throne, the rights and obligations of the citizens of the Ming Dynasty, the national institutions of the Ming Dynasty, and the national flag and national emblem of the Ming Dynasty.
Chapter completed!