When Li Dian met Ding Ling people, Fei Qian in Chang'an was making relevant adjustments and arrangements for female officials in the Han Dynasty.
In the hall of the General of the Cavalry, in addition to Fei Qian and Pang Tong and Xun You, who accompanied him, there were more than a dozen women sitting in a row, forming a rare situation of yin and yang decline. The breath of various fragrances, rouge and sachets interspersed in the hall, as if this place, which was originally solemn and majestic, also became gentle.
Fei Qian looked around slightly and couldn't help feeling a little when he saw the female officials led by Cai Yan, Wang Ying, Zhen Mi, Xin Xianying and others.
It is not that easy to establish a qualified female official system.
Knowing that it is not easy, you have to work harder.
This female official system is not a matter of rising from Fei Qian's mind, nor is it just that Fei Qian, a person, thought of using the general part of women's abilities and wisdom to build a whole political system.
As early as ancient times, people have been trying.
Among those people, Zhou Gong was included.
In formal occasions, these ladies are still very reserved. They ask questions and say something, which is completely different from a party of hundreds of ducks.
Fei Qian smiled and showed the demeanor of a general of the cavalry. At the beginning of the meeting, he exchanged some family conversations with these ladies, just like treating other ordinary scholars.
I asked about life, about reading, about what I have been busy with recently, whether I have gone to Qinglong Temple, etc....
This made the ladies who were a little nervous gradually relax and were not so nervous.
Most of these ladies are the daughters of the gentry near Hedong, Chang'an. They have all studied, and they are not too bad. Before, because there was no suitable opportunity, they seemed to be silent for a while compared to other scholars, but now it is the right time.
The Qinglong Temple Great Thesis is like some summit forums in later generations. Of course, it is not that kind of funny forum, but a collision of true wisdom and theoretical discussion.
Only with a theoretical foundation can there be a direction of practice.
Otherwise, if you just want to think about many things, you don’t consider the subsequent results at all. Then the original kind-hearted feeding may turn into poisoning.
The same old saying goes, everything has two sides, and as a leader, if you only think of good things...
hehe.
In later generations, some extreme female boxers often said that they were feudal legacy and oppression. It seemed that in the long years of the feudal dynasty in China, women could only stay at home, without leaving the door, and seemed to be completely isolated from the court...
However, this is not the case.
Since ancient times, women have actually participated widely in state affairs. For example, Fu Hao, according to the records of oracle bone inscriptions, she was not only the queen of King Wu Ding of Shang, but also a female general who was good at fighting, and even a priestess who presided over the national sacrificial ceremony.
By the Zhou Dynasty, there was a relatively formal female official system. The female official positions recorded in the "Book of Zhou" were not all the concubines of the king, nor were they just possessed some of the working power in the harem, but also a considerable number of female officials, such as the female history, all had clear positions and responsibilities, which were completely different from the concubines.
Before the Qin Dynasty was unified, most of the time was in war, which led to the formation of a pattern of male protagonists outside and female protagonists inside, or "male fighting and female farming". The male outside fought on the battlefield, with blood stained yellow sand and horses wrapped around the body, and the female inside raised orphans and took care of their parents. After all, in the era of cold weapons, not all women were Fu Hao or Mulan. This division of labor, determined by innate characteristics, was still visible even in later peace years, among the ethnic minorities in mountainous areas on some margins, although they no longer had to fight.
Therefore, although the Qin Dynasty did not expand the female official system of the Zhou Dynasty, and even did not have the title of female official for a long time, it made people mistakenly believe that the Qin Dynasty did not have female official positions, but in fact, the strength of the Qin Dynasty's empress dowager and the extension of relevant powers continued until the Han Dynasty.
The frequent wars and the lack of medical technology and other technologies have led to the great casualties between the kings and generals and the people from the dawn, and it is very likely that they will die directly in young and middle-aged people. It is precisely because of this that the "Empress Dowager's system of obeying politics" has become a strategy for governing the country by everyone from the Qin Dynasty to the Han Dynasty.
It’s a pity that the temptation of power is too huge. Even some bureaucrats with high education and certain knowledge in later generations would openly say that they could represent a certain agency, and even forgot that there should be the word "people" before a certain agency, let alone the empress dowager gang in the Qin and Han dynasties. In order to ensure their authority, the empress dowager and the gang of relatives deposed the emperor, colluded with ministers, and controlled the government. In the middle and late Han Dynasty, the empress dowager's system of relatives began to reach extremes, and began to prosper and decline, and gradually became disgusted and guarded by others.
The same goes to extremes, leading to prosperity and decline is the female official system of the Tang Dynasty.
The Tang Dynasty was the highest peak of female officials.
At least that's what Fei Qian thinks.
The system of female officials in the Tang Dynasty generally inherited the Sui Dynasty system and supplemented and improved it. In addition to being responsible for the management of regular intra-house affairs and participating in national sacrificial ceremonies, female officials in the Tang Dynasty were sometimes sent by the emperor for other affairs, such as acting as emperor envoys to visit and worship, and their responsibilities were clearer and wider than those in the Sui Dynasty. The emergence of Empress Wu Zetian also encouraged women to participate in politics. During this period, women participated in politics and had a great influence in the entire Chinese dynasty.
During the Yuan and Song dynasties, perhaps because of Wu Zetian, it was suppressed more seriously.
There was another rise of female officials during the Ming Dynasty. The Ming Dynasty followed the "Six Principles" system of female officials in the Sui and Tang Dynasties. Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty, attached great importance to the construction of the female officials' team, and had a strict set of regulations on the appointment and performance of responsibilities. After all, Zhu Yuanzhang came from the people, but since Zhu Di, the Emperor of Chenggong, the emperor gradually began to value eunuchs. In the middle and late Ming Dynasty, the administration of the harem was mostly controlled by eunuchs, and the power of female officials was in name only.
As for the Qing Dynasty, which may be because of its braids, was delighted by some women...
It's very bad, it should actually be considered the most brutal dynasty for women to oppress, especially Han women.
It was better in the Song Dynasty. After all, Li Qingzhao's little girl could drink everywhere. It was fine to drink until she didn't know where to go. She could also make a lyrics and sing. If she had to switch to the Qing Dynasty, I was afraid she would have to go into a pig cage?
Therefore, overall, the heyday of female officials in the Chinese dynasty was in the Han and Tang dynasties. These two dynasties also took two different routes, one was the empress dowager system and the other was the palace official system.
And now, Fei Qian doesn't want either.
The reason is very simple, both of them are very pitfalls.
The key is that after the cheating is over, it will affect the subsequent court structure.
According to the system of the empress dowager's relatives in the Han Dynasty, the subsequent dynasty emperors and ministers reached a consensus, waterproof, fireproof, and even so, they still could not stop the empress dowager from stretching out her claws to destroy, especially Cixi.
In order to protect her status, the Queen Mother made a mess and even did not hesitate to destroy the original political ecology...
Then Wu Zetian, who came to the empress, developed a prosperous palace official system, directly replaced the original three provinces and six ministries, and used palace officials to rule foreign ministers. Although it was the corresponding means made by Wu Zetian to consolidate his authority, the consequences of his various extreme behaviors were borne by the rest of the women, so that after the Tang Dynasty, the Song Dynasty began to think about wearing small shoes for women, and they were worn for hundreds of years.
Therefore, Fei Qian feels that neither of these two institutional structures are very good, and both have certain hidden dangers.
For Fei Qian, female officials are a beneficial supplement to the political ecology, a powerful chess piece to differentiate the gentry system, and an important part of expanding the inheritance of Chinese culture.
As the times change, policies must follow suit.
During the Warring States Period, the kings stood on the front line, with frequent wars and deaths common. At the same time, there were relatively few officials in the central court, so the empress dowager system must be produced. On the one hand, the empress dowager must endure the pain of losing her husband and shoulder the heavy responsibility of raising children and growing up. On the other hand, the empress dowager must try her best to maintain the entire system without collapse and the country will not decline.
Later, with the expansion of the central court, the overall environment was relatively stable. The cake between the Empress Dowager, the Prime Minister, the relatives and the Three Dukes did not expand, and they became ugly when they snatched each other...
Not only imperial power, but also various powers, as long as they can bring benefits, there will naturally be competition. These competitions are not only open competition, but also secretly, throwing sand and nails, and pretending to be active but helping others, and making a lot of tricks.
"There is a record of the Emperor's body, and the emperor's descendants are the same as the emperor, and the wife is like the three princes to the king. Therefore, female officials are in charge of the methods of women learning, and teach women to control virtues like the six arts of scholars." Fei Qian said slowly, "Like sacrifices, guests, funerals and other major life and death events, and there are daily tasks such as sautum, wine, sauce, vinegar, silk, and stew. All of them can be responsibilities of female officials, and can be formal, or masters, or slags..."
Fei Qian sets the tone first.
Everyone had no objection.
Because this is not Fei Qian's unfounded original creation. At present, isn't Zheng Xuan telling the Three Rites in Qinglong Temple? In the Zhou Rites, there is a theoretical basis for these contents, so naturally no one has any objections to Fei Qian's statement.
This is the general outline.
It is also the basis of the entire female official system.
A scholar, both men and women can be a scholar, and can be formal or auxiliary.
After Fei Qian finished speaking, the first ladies in the hall exchanged their eyes with a little excitement.
This means that they have a broader space, not only limited to one place, but even have the possibility of becoming the chief officer like men!
Even though it is just Fei Qian's oral teaching at the moment and has not become a complete writing, it is enough to make them feel as if a broad stage is unfolding, and they are about to step onto this stage and dance!
This is a necessity.
With the expansion of Feiqian's political system and the increasing population of Chang'an Sanfu, especially the surrounding lings and towns around Chang'an City, the number of officials required is becoming increasingly heavy.
If it is just to maintain basic rule, then the current officials are barely enough, but what Fei Qian wants is not barely enough, but wants greater development. Then he must refine his responsibilities and carry out more social division of labor.
This social division of labor naturally also includes the division of labor of officials.
These positions in people's livelihood affairs are not only men, but women can do well, and sometimes they may even be more meticulous and comprehensive than men.
It has become an inevitable choice for Fei Qian to join the ranks of officials and supplement the needs of various management levels under the social division of labor.
Fei Qian spoke very slowly.
The people around him also listened very carefully.
Because what Fei Qian said is the general tone and is very important.
"Women's strength is not as good as men, so they take strength as the position of victory, and there is no need to force the same as men." Fei Qian said slowly, "However, women's wisdom is the same as men, so they take wisdom as the position, so they have the same responsibility as the same position."
Fei Qian paused for a moment and looked around for a while.
Everyone nodded and expressed their approval.
Fortunately, in the current era of the great man, there is nothing like a lady who can't stand any man breathing in the same area, which will make her feel foul smell or even suffocated...
Fei Qian also continued: "Everyone has ambition and has his own strengths. From now on, ladies are willing to farm, those who are good at craftsmanship, and those who are good at craftsmanship, and those who are good at craftsmanship. Such principles can be chosen by themselves, and they must also be tested on the same stage with men, and the accuracy they are taken will be the same."
Previously, whether Cai Yan served as the direct supervisor of the Han Dynasty or Zhen Mi served as the Han Chamber of Commerce, they were directly appointed by Fei Qian. Now, the regular channels are going to be entered in the future.
After all, there are naturally discounts for those who eat crabs first, otherwise who dares to eat crabs next?
Have you ever thought about the courage and effort others put in before eating crabs?
Everyone had no objection to this point, and even Pang Tong laughed and said, "If there is a woman who wants to imitate Fu Hao, she will win the battle, and it will be fine..."
『Things on the battlefield are no different from literature, life and death are all the same...』 Xun You, on the other hand, also said, 『The martial arts lecture hall has set up a female barracks, and the training of strong women... If you are interested in the battlefield, you may try it first...』
The newly established women's camp of the martial arts lecture hall has been newly established.
This is the supporting system of female officials.
If there is a female official, of course there must be a female soldier.
After all, not all female officials are like Zhen Mi or Wang Yan, or they can follow a team of domestic private soldiers around them, or they have some martial arts skills. Therefore, after the female officials officially come to power, they should be prepared to be equipped with female guards.
On the other hand, it is also a useful supplement to the army.
In fact, female soldiers' improvement in the army in later generations is not only in battlefield care, but also in many other aspects. Because women's characteristics will be more careful and friendly than male soldiers, and have more advantages in organizing the people, etc.
During the Warring States Period, there were records of organized strong women in Mozi's strategy of defending the city.
During Shang Yang's reforms, there was also a system of a strong woman's army.
Therefore, it is not a shocking innovation to ask Fei Qian to set up a female barracks in the Military Academy of the Military Academy.
The female generals on the battlefield, are they going to fight for a thousand miles? Most of the ladies present just listened to it, and most of them had no intention of fighting. So after listening to the additions from Pang Tong and Xun You, they did not have much opinions. They just considered the standards mentioned before and the related matters of "same position and same responsibility".
Zhen Mi pondered for a while and said softly, her voice was soft, just like a cat stretching out her white claws and pressing something. "Dare you ask the lord, what is the project you are trying to select this female official?"
"What the female official tried..." Fei Qian smiled and said, "With the same as a man, he should focus on his ability and determine his position based on his talent. As the saying goes, the same position and the same responsibility are naturally the same."
One thing often has different positions, which brings different feelings. But no matter what, Fei Qian took the lead in proposing it, and female officials do not put tolerance first, but focus on energy first.
Of course, with most scholars, or even in later generations, people with outstanding appearances, they will often receive some preferential treatment innately, which is a problem that cannot be completely eliminated and cannot be completely avoided.
For example, the prices of the same two dishes are the same. One is the exquisite and meticulous arrangement, which is pleasing to the eye, and the other is piled up in a mess. Even if the ingredients in the two dishes are the same, no matter the ingredients are from the ingredients to the cooking methods, just the difference between the arrangement, the sales volume will probably be very different.
Therefore, Fei Qian said that it is already very good to focus on talents first.
After all, the same is true for men, with black buns sitting aside as evidence. In history, Pang Tong, a featherless chicken, was also very angry when he was not famous.
Seeing that the eyes of the girls were looking at him, Pang Tong couldn't help but turn to him, and then he became a little cramped. He coughed and pinched his beard...
In fact, Pang Tong understood that Fei Qian had some hidden intentions, but it was not convenient to say them out.
For example, during the exam, men were competing with each other before. Most of them sighed, "Ah, their skills were not as good as others, or they were muttering whether there would be any shady stories. But now if there are women competing on the same stage, and then what articles, poems, strategies, etc. are compared by women, those men who are behind will inevitably be ridiculed. To some extent, this is also a stimulation for those men who are trying to spread the difference.
This is one of them.
The second aspect is to promote the speed of discussion in Qinglong Temple.
This time, the number of people participating in Qinglong Temple is more than the previous session, and when there are more people, the thoughts are mixed.
Even though Fei Qian did a lot of work in advance and constantly adjusted and regulated in the process, the human heart is always extremely complicated and will twist in some inexplicable directions from time to time. Fei Qian's high-profile introduction of female officials at this time is actually to indicate that if these male scholars in Qinglong Temple continue to be unable to be unified and continue to be chaotic and quarrel, then their original positions may have been occupied by female officials...
It depends on whether these scholars are anxious?
As for the third aspect...
Chapter completed!