"Have you passed the statistics? To transport grain ships from Yang'an Pass to Dianjiang, several market towns in Pantan need to be set up along the way, and people will be allowed to farm and pull fibers when they are busy. How are they now built?"

Li Su asked, looking at the messy and modified map in front of Lu Su.

Lu Su pointed to the map and gestured: "In the past two months, Gongyou and Zini (Guoyuan) and I have personally run the Jialing River up and down. There is a dangerous shoal here on Mamingge Road, so we have to set up a military farm. Jiameng County is a little better, and the boat can return with light loads, but I have also planned a military farm farm. If there are too many refugees in the future, I will have no place to settle them. I will consider it again.

The third point is south of Langzhong and north of Nanchong, and the turbulent Jiangwan is the third point, Anhan and Dianjiang, and it is also necessary to go to Jiangzhou, Bajun County, with more than 800 miles of waterways. There are five places to transport Pantan, which is not easy.

This year, Han Sui was defeated by Huangfu Song and did not harm Yongliang. He only organized 2,000 refugees in Yongliang, with nearly 1,000 people. Each farm was located in the military farm and 1,000. In the first year, he mainly planted radishes and sapids (yam). However, in the deep and narrow areas of the river valley, the mountain walls on both sides were often steep and there were too few flat grounds, so it was difficult to find sufficient high-yield and fertile land for the villagers to cultivate. Even if the mountain fields were opened, it was the lowest yield."

After listening patiently, Li Su added, "I can't understand it even if I look at the picture here. Since I have free time, my lord asked me to ask about the farming matters and walk around in person - the situation is similar, right? Is it enough to choose a place for the most recent inspection?"

Lu Su: "Enough, enough, the situation is almost the same. One can be solved, and the other places can be promoted according to the copy."

Li Su waved his hand and said, "Go and take a look. By the way, you can also see this draft of "Qimin Yaoshu". There are detailed descriptions on why farming is needed, how to manage, how to cooperate with military transportation strategies, and how to repair terraces. Those involving technology cannot be circulated."

Li Su is not really idle at home these days, and Cai Yan can’t stay idle either, so this book is freshly released.

After looking at Lu Su and Guoyuan for a while, they felt that they were quite rewarding.

Especially Guo Yuan, he has never mentioned it in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, but in "The Three Kingdoms", he is a famous military farmer under Cao Cao, so he is very sensitive to many of the views put forward by Li Su.

Of course, in the official history, Cao Cao's subordinates rose to prominence because of their military farm management skills. From Zao Zhi to Ren Jun, they are famous than Guoyuan. However, Zao Zhi's contribution is mainly to make decisions, while Guoyuan is good at implementing—

According to historical records, this person is very good at formulating a performance appraisal system for the people and minor officials. He can be understood as a "Zhou Papi-level KPI maker of the Human Resources Department" who always "requests in different orders" to incite the villagers to compete with each other.

Guoyuan carefully calculated according to Li Su's illustration: "Is this... the method of terraced fields to level the mountains in layers? This project is huge. I think the people's efforts to plant twenty or thirty acres of mature fields may not necessarily be able to reclaim one acre of mountain fields.

Even if it is opened, the efficiency of farming will be more difficult than that of acres of plain land. It is estimated that the limit of farming for people on the plain is to occupy 100 acres of land. It would be good if these terraced fields can be planted with 60 acres, and it is not convenient to use cattle."

Li Su smiled slightly: "I only realized when I got to the place, I guess you are not sure."

Guoyuan has too little experience and has no doubts for the moment.

However, Lu Su read the book, but was not interested in the details, but had a lot of thoughts about the title: "Why did you name this book "Qimin Yaoshu"? This book not only involves the method of farming and increasing yield, but also many of it is for military farm officials, and it is even beneficial to all those who govern civil affairs. I think it would be better to call it "Agricultural Yaoshu"."

When Li Su thought about it, it seemed quite reasonable. He was just too lazy to name a name. "Qimin Yaoshu" would appear during the Southern and Northern Dynasties, so he borrowed the name directly. In fact, the content was completely irrelevant. He did not have many things in "Qimin Yaoshu", many things in his book "Qimin Yaoshu", and some of them were directly copied and compiled and revised.

However, when Xu Guangqi wrote the agricultural books in the Ming Dynasty, he named them the "Complete Book of Agricultural Affairs" because he picked up the talents of agricultural books of all dynasties, and not only involved how to farm, but also how to deal with relevant civil affairs. There is a lot of content for officials to read.

From this perspective, Li Su's book is indeed more appropriate. It is not qualified to call it "The Greatest Skills of Agricultural Government". He is not qualified to call it "The Complete Book". He is not complete at all, he just chose some key points.

"Zi Jing is right. Anyway, this book is still a draft. If you want to add content, you can change the name to "Agricultural Affairs and Techniques"."

If a name is just right, it means smooth. It is also very important to name a name before doing things.

The group made a little preparation and asked for leave from their homes. They rode westward and left Yangping Pass to the Maming Pavilion Road. In one or two days, they arrived at the first Jialing River Valley military farming site set up in Lusu.

...

Although Li Su can’t farm, he has received geography classes in compulsory education for so many years, and he still has common sense.

The river valley farming site they arrived at originally seemed to be a deserted land of wild mountains and ridges. However, Li Su estimated based on the map that this place should be roughly equivalent to Guangyuan City in later generations.

In May, Lu Su, as the chief of Hanzhong County, organized refugees to Yongliang here to immigrate. After a few months, he built some houses, but they were all mainly thatched huts. It would be nice to have rammed earth and mud walls, and there were almost no brick houses.

The people have tried their best to cultivate the narrow plots by the river valley. Some of them have planted a series of beans to fatten the ground. Because the government does not impose taxes, they can barely survive a winter and spring famine with these beans and radishes.

Beans are actually very good for nitrogen fixation in fertilizer land. The disadvantage is that the yield is too low. In later generations, American soybeans were only 200 kilograms per acre, not to mention that one acre of soybeans in the late Han Dynasty, only less than two stones per acre, which is about 70 kilograms per acre.

It’s a pity that the plain land by the river was too narrow. The plain land of Li Su saw was only thirty or fifty feet wide. According to the rough farming style of the Han Dynasty, one 100 acres in the Han Dynasty, which was 30 acres in the future. One 100 acres could plant a river bank half a mile long, and counting both sides of the banks, the surrounding area could only feed hundreds of villagers.

Lu Su will place 1,000 official officers at each point a year, including two or three thousand women and children, and will expand in the future, so all the hillsides next to it must be cultivated into fields and expand the area of ​​the field by more than five times. Only particularly steep peaks can keep fruit planting forests, tea forests.

Li Su walked up and down, chose a section of the river where the river water turned from a sharp turn, and then pointed to the hillside on both sides: "I think this place is good. Let's pilot the land reclamation terraces here-

In the future, you will learn from me when choosing slopes. You must go to places where the river flows from turbulent to slow down. Because the river flows in a turbulent place will inevitably contain mud and silt, and it will easily be deposited when it reaches a gentle place, so that the people can dig silt along the smooth water flow to build fields and level the land.

Now is a good season to open up terraced fields. It is the end of October. When the autumn is at its peak, the trees have no moisture. You can set fire to burn the wasteland. After removing some of the trees, try to level the slope mud. If it is not flat enough, dig the mud by the river to fill it up."

Lu Su and the others knew nothing, just learned and sold it as soon as possible, so they ordered to cut down a circle of trees as Li Su said, drag them to the middle of the area to be burned, and form an isolation belt from the side, and then they started setting fire to burn dead trees.

Li Su didn't want to cause the fire to be uncontrollable and cause bad ecological impacts. Although he was a little worried, the south was still relatively humid after all, and the wildfires couldn't spread far.

After burning for a long time, the black soil was exposed, Li Su recalled the terraced fields seen in the later Geography Museum and the movie "Huo Yuanjia", and pointed his hands at the old farmers to make two or three steps to level the black soil.

There are also two types of terraced fields, one is dry fields and the other is paddy fields.

Later generations of the terraced fields in Yunnan, Guizhou and Zhejiang and Fujian were mostly paddy fields, and rice was needed. The type was built with great difficulty because it was waterproof and anti-seepage, otherwise it would not be able to store water at all. It was like building a swimming pool with stones, or even partially mixed with three-mixed soil clings.

If Liu Bei fought to Nanzhong in the future, he would build terraces in the places of Jingwang County and Yongchang County. Because it was too southern to grow wheat, he would probably have to make such a terrace that was exhausting the people and money.

However, it is still around Hanzhong, and is relatively north. You can barely plant dryland crops. At worst, the yield is lower, so it is easy to build anti-seepage edges.

By doing this, the labor effort to reclaim one acre of new terraced fields is about the same as the physical labor of extensively cultivating more than ten acres of mature fields. If a priest who cultivates 100 acres of per year is used to open up all his labor, he will only be able to produce six or seven acres a year, which is equivalent to about two acres in later generations.

If it only starts during this winter slack season, then divide it by four, and one strong man can still eat less than two acres of Han Chinese a year.

Today, because Li Su and Lu Su were present to supervise and organize everyone to work together, hundreds of laborers participated, only five acres of land, about two steps, were opened in one day.

"It's too laborious. If a regular student planted mature fields, he could support five people. Now, he can open such wasteland. It takes fifteen years to open mature fields to support five people. No matter how you calculate it, it will take a long time to make a profit."

Guoyuan is more good at motivating the settlement. He calculated silently next to him, and felt that Li Su's method was still not worth it.

Li Su patted his shoulder: "Ten years of trees, a hundred years of trees. The meaning of one stone of grain here is not only one stone of grain, but also to open up the shipping of the Jialing River and revitalize the communication between the entire Shu and the outside world.

So what if you make a profit in fifteen years, let alone if you make a profit in fifteen years, Shu has a population of four or five million. If it continues to grow, sooner or later it will be like the Yellow Turbans outside. There are too many people and few lands, and there is more labor and no land to plant. It is better to organize them to open such a wasteland.

Moreover, as long as the pilot is continued, the efficiency will gradually improve - at the beginning, we should not repair the terraces too densely, just build three or four steps, and then build three or four steps across several layers of forests. This can prevent soil erosion during heavy rain. After planting the land, do not cut the straw immediately like on the plains, keep the straw for solidifying the soil and water storage, let it go for a winter, burn the straw before plowing the spring next year, which can also prevent soil erosion and increase the fertility of the land."

Li Su counted both the military accounts and the transportation losses accounts, and Guo Yuan felt that this business was a bit profitable.

But he then thought of another question: "But these fields are so much higher than flat fields, and irrigation is too difficult. Although the water draw is close to the water and there is so much water in the Jialing River, it is really hard to carry it to the mountains."

Li Su didn't expect this problem at first, but it was dark under the light. Guoyuan reminded him and slapped his forehead: "It's a water truck! Since the upstream Jialing River is so turbulent, it's a big water truck to lift it up and pour it directly from the terraced fields at the top, which is more labor-saving than irrigation on the flat ground. As long as you pour a layer of water, the water will flood it and the lower levels will automatically flow down."

The Han Dynasty must have had water trucks, but it was not yet mature, not as efficient as the "roller" that was specially used to irrigate in the Sui and Tang Dynasties. Moreover, the Han Dynasty people did not have the habit of setting up open channels in the air.

Li Su recalled the tips of the overturned car and the wheeled water truck that he saw in the history textbooks in later generations. After a little illustration, he gave it to the specific farming officer to figure it out and improve it himself. He also taught them to find the thickest bamboo, cut out the bamboo joints, and at least he could drive the water truck to the high river to the top layer of terraces.

Ordinary farmers have no money or technology to build water trucks, so they have to organize it by the government. However, since it is a military farm, the government has invested enough. At most, they can use "half of the harvest of these terraces in the first ten years after completion" to repay the official infrastructure investment.

Just when I was in Liaodong, I asked the tun people to pay a cattle to rent, but this place turned into a water truck rental.

Li Su felt that if he continued to struggle like this, the entire military farming plan and the shipping plan that accompanied it would become a planned economy... Perhaps like the official highway, it would charge for ten or twenty years, recover the investment and make a slight profit, and then hand over the depreciated things to the people for management.

Li Su, who knew the difficulties, was also very impressed and thought to himself:

"If Zhuge Liang had already become a talent, he could formulate the "Shu Science" and rely on the rule of law to ensure that "officials do not tolerate traitors, people are self-harming, and do not pick up the remains, and the weather is solemn". In the future, it would be the best to be the Minister of Transportation and the Director of the National Development and Development Committee. If the state-owned infrastructure and the planned economy are revitalized, no one will be greedy. If Zhuge Liang had not managed it, others would not know how much it would harm the public and private..."

There are probably people who are as selfless as Zhuge Liang in the world, but if you can have a sharp look like Zhuge Liang, see through his subordinates' small movements, and be so selfless, you probably won't be able to find a second person in this world.

Forget it, let’s pilot it for a few years. In the wartime state, the money cannot be calculated too clearly. Just think it is a little low efficiency, and you are fetched by someone who is in charge and paying the tuition fee to summarize your experience.

When Cao Cao was engaged in military farming to rent cattle for the people, there were also guys like Ding Pei who were greedy for small gains, who made the old and thin cows of Bao Gong's family profit from the price difference. Fortunately, there was a supervisor Chen Qun who investigated the administration of the government and arrested corruption and took Ding Pei and other negative examples to the public.

Li Su could completely imagine that there would be countless military farm officials on Liu Bei's side.

By the time he entered Jiangzhou next year, he would completely deal with Liu Yan and pacify Nanzhong. Zhuge Liang is ten years old this year, and then he is twelve or thirteen years old... he seems to be a child laborer.

...

After inspecting and supervising the infrastructure of terraced fields and water trucks in Guangyuan Town for several days, although everything went well, Lu Su, Guoyuan and Sun Gan made a rough calculation and felt that with this construction speed, the remaining labor force that could be raised here would not be enough to give at least one or two times the gap for the large grain transport fleet that had been besieging Diaoyucheng and Jiangzhou for a long time.

Of course, this problem is not unsolvable for the time being. It is nothing more than transporting more grain and losing more on the road. It is to transport civilians from other places to temporarily live in these places, so as to pull fibers for the passing ships every day.

The problem of logistical losses in the pile can be solved. Anyway, when Zhang Lu was destroyed, the official warehouse in Hanzhong still had some savings in stocking grain.

I just don’t know how long the Diaoyu City siege will last. If I can’t get it for a year, so long-term food transportation will consume too much strategic potential for Liu Bei’s army.

Finally, Guoyuan, who was quite talented in military farming, personally went to supervise and inspect, and raised an objection to Li Su:

"Zhonglang, why do we have to pull fiber for the grain ship Pantan? Anyway, when Pantan passes through the turbulent river section, the goods on the ship are originally to be unloaded and transported by land for more than ten miles before loading them.

We divide the ship into several sections. The upstream ship only drives upstream, and the downstream ship only drives downstream. When we get to the dangerous shoal, we will unload the cargo directly and turn back to pull the second batch of cargo. The downstream ship also picks up the cargo and leaves. Wouldn't the wife of the Fiber who pulls the empty ship save the labor force?"

Li Su's heart flashed: Didn't this become the organization method for the important canal transportation towns on the Grand Canal during the Song and Ming dynasties?

During the Ming Dynasty, in Linqing, Shandong, a county town had a population of two million, and almost half of the strong laborers were from the trough salt gang. To put it bluntly, dock workers unloaded the cargo from the lower reaches of the Grand Canal and then reloaded the ship upstream. Because in history, the Grand Canal had not used the lock technology until the Ming Dynasty, and there was an altitude difference between the north and south, they could only divide the Grand Canal and carry the labor to a high place to load the ship in the drop section.

Li Su thought to himself: "Yes, why didn't I expect it? Could it be that I was dark under the light? But why did Sichuan people pull over dangerous shoals and pantans with empty boats for thousands of years in history? I remember that during the Long March, the Sichuan Army was still in Pantans of Laojun.

Yes, it must be because the shipping density on the Jinsha River and Jialing River in Sichuan is not as dense as the Grand Canal, the scale of private private ship dealers is not large enough, there are not enough ships and not enough cargo, and it is impossible to form a segmented distribution center. In order to sell a batch of goods from the downstream to the upper reaches at one time, the ship can only follow the whole journey."

However, Liu Bei's army will have a continuous and stable order supply chain next year, and the demand for transporting grain for the Diaoyu City besieged army will not decline. With an official organization, the size of the total fleet can definitely be guaranteed. At worst, each of the 100 ships ran the entire journey, but now it has been changed to change the entire journey of the Jialing River to five transportation sections, with twenty boats in each transportation section, and the baton.

Moreover, this trick seems to be able to learn from the Hanwater transportation improvement plan of Shangyong, and there is no need to count on the lock designed by Li Su at that time...

You are really a talent for "planned economy"!

"This is a good discussion! I will leave this matter to you. Zini, do this well. I will ask the lord to add you to the military farmer. If you keep performing well, after you take down Liu Yan, it will be impossible for the Diannong General to wait for your seniority to arrive!" Li Su patted Guoyuan's shoulder and performed his merits for this talent who invented the management method of "dockworker transfer station".

"How dare you take this? You are just a general of the Central Army." Guoyuan was immediately frightened.

How could he know that in a few years, his official position will not be as valuable as it is now. By then, Cao Cao would dare to seal several generals of the Diannong Army. Liu Bei's camp could not suffer any losses, right?

By then, Li Su had long been up to the level and didn't know what level he had been promoted.

This winter, we will roughly open up some waterwheels, terraces and wharfs, and plant tea and pepper trees on the top of the mountain to allow people to raise chickens and ducks suitable for mountain jungles, as well as rabbits that are not yet artificially raised, so as to make use of the grazing resources in barren mountains.
Chapter completed!