Although Li Su was enthusiastic about the ninth-rank official law, he was a person who studied history and political structure for two lifetimes and would not be influenced by emotions to influence his judgment.

Since Liu Bei was interested, Li Su would sincerely analyze the specific advantages and disadvantages of the Nine-rank official law for him.

In the eyes of ordinary viewers in later generations, the ninth-rank official law is so bad that it can't be more stinky. This is mainly because the TV media simplifies the process when it is popularizing ancient politics in order to quickly explain the problem.

On CCTV, Yi Zhongtian said, "Simply put, the ninth-rank official law is to monopolize the power of aristocratic families and great families to be officials from generation to generation." This made a group of street stalls simplify the processing of making money and scam clicks according to this stereotype. It seems that this thing has no historical progress at all.

There must be some progress, otherwise Chen Qun was not mentally retarded, so how could he use a completely reversing thing?

But to compare progress, it must be compared with systems of the same period or earlier. It is impossible to compare with imperial examinations that have not yet appeared. That is the history of tricks.

Li Su couldn't do such a thing, so he analyzed it very sincerely to Liu Bei:

"The advantages and disadvantages of these nine-rank official law must naturally be compared with the existing employment system. Let's look at three reference items, namely the recommendation system, the official selling system and the so-called "talent-only promotion system", which means that local governments recommend it for their own sake, and the court center or local princes make the final decision on their own.

The official selling system is the worst, needless to say.

The king also has a deep understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of the system. You just said that when you meet a wise master, the wise master is energetic and must take personal decisions with people. Only the talent master is effective.

But this order requires autocracy. Once there is no wise ruler or lack of energy and wants to appoint others, it will still fall into the trap of returning to the examination. It is nothing more than a change in the standards of examination, and from choosing morality to focusing on talent selection, which is considered as an improvement of subjects for examination..."

Li Su said this and paused for a moment, observing Liu Bei's reaction. Seeing that Liu Bei had no objection, he continued to talk.

From this we can also see that Liu Bei has a clear understanding of "only talent is to be dictatorial to the wise king."

Only when talents are not as hymn as later generations, they do not have the ability to cross generations and be stable. During the Three Kingdoms period, when strong men like Cao, Liu, Zhuge Liang were in power, it was not a method of a hundred generations to be able to use them well.

When ruled by man, we always need to look forward to a wise ruler and a wise minister.

As for selling official positions, it was actually because the government was extremely deteriorating. The emperor felt that "the conclusion you found after you have actually received benefits from your own opinions. Everyone is greedy, so it is better for the emperor to be greedy himself." In the end of the world, there is no way to save the imperial examination, whether it is the ninth rank, the imperial examination, or the imperial examination.

Li Su continued to go down and analyzed with Liu Bei the progress of the Nine-rank official law's recommendation system:

"Chen Qun suggested that Yuan Shao's ninth-rank official law actually requires specialized officials who have investigated talented people and evaluate the talents of alternate officials from their own perspective. From this point of view, there is no difference from the recommendation system.

The key difference is that he suggests setting up Zhongzheng officials in the center to form a special team of officials to select officials, rather than directly allowing local prefects and provincial governors to select talents as part-time. Therefore, the advantage of the Nine-rank official law is that it cuts off the threats of local aristocratic families to local officials when selecting officials, and also cuts off some of the transfer of interests.

However, over time, higher-level transfers of interests may be formed. In time, fewer people can cheat from this system, but the intensity is even greater. After all, it cannot threaten it, it can still induce it, and can also record and exchange interests for generations."

Liu Bei quickly understood Li Su's words. It may not be easy for laymen to understand. You can explain it a little:

Under the Han Dynasty's advisory system, fraud and corruption were mainly concentrated in two aspects. On the one hand, it was the prefect and the provincial governors were easily threatened by local tyrants, and on the other hand, they were easily bought by bribes and tempted.

The Ninth-rank official law mainly cuts off the fraud in the previous one, but the price is to magnify the fraud in the next one.

To give a very simple example, if the prefect could directly take charge of the job of filial and honest work part-time, then the prefect would be easily threatened by the strongest family forces in the county. If he did not refer to the people from the strongest families in the county as filial and honest for many years, he might face deterioration in public security and tax collections, and the resistance of various local people caused trouble.

The Zhongzheng official is recommended to the central government at least at the state level, and he is dedicated to the selection of talents. The county level is not qualified to interrupt. Then, those powerful and bully families who are only in one county will not threaten the Zhongzheng official. Of course, you still have the opportunity to continue cheating, so you can only give money and give benefits.

In other words, the Nine-rank official law is helpful for "eliminating coercion and amplifying the temptation". It also helps to crack down on many small wealthy families that have only been rampant in one county for hundreds of years.

From then on, the county-level "powerful people" became less and less able to speak, but the "state-level" families became stronger and stronger, and the Matthew effect of raising Gu was accelerated.

It was equivalent to raising more than a dozen or even twenty or thirty national-level families from hundreds of small wealthy families that were originally dependent on the system of blood-sucking. Their officials were becoming more and more concentrated.

At the same time, because the channels for "coercive local officials" were cut off, the ability required to win over officials was also singularized.

The local tyrants under the original system may not have much money or talent, but the local people are strong, and some tyrants are just making trouble. If you don’t give him an official, he will be with the prefect and will not let you have a safe life. Therefore, a tyrant with the ability of "only force and force are not afraid of death" can also threaten the official.

After the ninth-rank official law, this kind of "military trouble-making" talent was useless. Everyone began to compete for "moral fame" and money, and there was a lack of statistical dimension.

(Note: Some book friends in the previous chapter also mentioned the issue of whether the nine-grade Zhongzheng system is based on virtue or talent. This must be clarified. This is not a new problem that only when the Zhongzheng system begins. There is a filial piety and integrity subject under the inspection system, and it is the most important subject. Isn’t that a test of morality?

In terms of showing off fraud with morality, the Zhongzheng system is not worse than the recommendation and evaluation, but just to be fair. Whether the evaluation and evaluation is corrupt, the key is to look at what subjects to be selected. If the evaluation and evaluation are selected well, it is still very promising.)

...

Liu Bei didn't think so much about the system design of personnel politics. He just had a good personal opinion and was very accurate and vicious in viewing people.

After listening to Li Su's analysis, he realized that Yuan Shao's trick could indeed attract the hearts of the great families in the world, and secondly, he could not see too many disadvantages in a short period of time. But the most troublesome thing is that it will accelerate the "accompany of the clan" in the long run.

In the long run, hundreds of county-level tyrants have merged into dozens of national aristocratic families, and the number of seemingly harmful clans has become smaller, but the intensity has become stronger.

Of course, Liu Bei could not learn this kind of thing. Liu Bei had already seen that the Eastern Han Dynasty had collapsed in just 160 years since Emperor Guangwu Liu Xiu. If he accelerated the natural reshuffle and merger in peaceful times, he would have won the world and how long can he have peace and stability in the future?

Liu Xiu lasted for 160 years, and he had killed so fiercely. If he had not even 160 years, wouldn't it be a joke?

You must never drink poison to quench your thirst!

In contrast, Liu Bei was explained by Li Suyi to have a new understanding of why Yuan Shao had to adopt the ninth-rank official law:

Chen Qun's system has another thing tailor-made for Yuan Shao: that is, the Nine-rank Official Law Assembly reduces "selection of officials and local protection", reduces the internal infighting of Yuan Shao and the dissatisfaction of outsiders.

Originally, the governor of the state and the governor of the governor of the state had the final say, but the Jizhou faction would definitely be increasingly expanding when Yuan Shao's capital was located in Yecheng, Jizhou.

Now the local officials of each prefecture and county have said nothing. Each state publicly recommends a group of Zhongzheng officials. The selection of talents in which state each Zhongzheng official is responsible for is random and has nothing to do with his original hometown and resume.

In this way, there may be a cross-section of "Zhongzheng officials from other state factions to review talents in Jizhou", which gives outsiders a chance to delay the straits and prevent Jizhou officials from expanding too quickly.

When the reform of the renting and mediocre transfer law was prevented from being reformed, the Jizhou Group, which was close to the center, had already taken advantage of it. In terms of the ninth-rank official law, all the aristocratic families took advantage of it, but letting the aristocratic families in other states take a little more advantage than the aristocratic families in Jizhou, which was just fun and balanced.

"In order to balance the resentment of his subordinates, Yuan Shao also made considerable concessions. Unfortunately, the loyalty from this compromise is a bit true? Because Yuan Shao followed Yuan Shao to please him like this, and when he loses power, he may not be devoted to his heart. He will not learn from him alone!" After Liu Bei thoroughly sorted out, he expressed his opinion to Li Su like this.

Li Su also hurriedly drew a cake for Liu Bei: "In fact, I have also thought about how to formulate a set of talent selection methods that can be done according to the law and do not have to expect wise and wise ministers to be able to work with each other. It is obtained through reform subjects and reform assessment methods based on the recommendation system. I have not figured it out yet.

Although Chen Qun’s suggestion cannot be used, it can also be used to polish jade, which has given me a lot of inspiration. I will return to Chang'an next time. If the environment is right, I am willing to give you advice on the idea of ​​the improvement."

Liu Bei nodded: "I just pretend that I haven't heard of this for the time being, and I don't ask Gong Dayuan Chang's response plan. Let's discuss it together when you come back."

Li Su received the order and said goodbye.

...

The next day, after a brief practice banquet, Liu Bei personally sent Li Su out of the west gate of Chang'an City. Li Sucai took his close friends, some of his family members (Cai Yan had just finished confinement and continued to stay in Chang'an to take care of his children), and the guards went to Mei County, and then took Baoxi Road to Hanzhong.

Wu Yi from Hanzhong had prepared a sufficient fleet upstream of the Han River, which could transport Li Su and his team all their men and horses. He also shipped Li Su's supply supplies with his soldiers and horses for a month to feed from the source of the Han River to the Han River and into the Yangtze River. The whole journey was actually only seven or eight days, because the Qinling Mountains were steep and the water flowed fast, and the ship drove very fast.

At the end of November, Li Su had arrived in Changsha County, and the baqiu garrison Gan Ning personally led his men to Xiakou to respond in advance.

Not long after Li Su arrived in Changsha, a tragedy occurred in Luoyang City on the twelfth lunar month.
Chapter completed!