Chapter 12: Renewal of the Lama Kingdom

There are stalagmites in Tibet in Huyuanjian, and osmanthus and pines reach Jiuling Ridge.

After a few years, the traces will fade away, but once a good name emerges, the scene will be clear.

Five horses came to Shan's house happily, carrying money with them under the empty rock.

Then he promised to kill Mao and build a small nunnery, and he would be successful and unrestrained in the future.

Ancheng can watch quietly, and now he can see clearly that the world is wide.

Every time Ye Gong Zheng Jian comes frequently, he will try the tea and smile proudly in the clouds.

The outside of the thing looks like a noble palace, but inside it is deeply inspired by Lin Quan.

The savage accompanied the sick Vimalakirti and traveled to the same abbot's land.

Fangxian has been passed down for thousands of years, and it is now glorious and glorious.

The Tubo dynasty came to an end after 300 years, and nobles from all over the country were fighting each other. Buddhism was originally used as an ideological weapon for the rulers to help manage the country, but later it overrode the nobles and local powerful factions. The integration of politics and religion also appeared on the snow-covered plateau. The political situation. Whether the plateau civilization can continue to develop eastward and integrate into the Chinese nation family, the attitude in the Buddhist chamber has become the key. So what is the key point in making the final decision?

Soon, the Mongolian cavalry entered the Central Plains and even Central Asia and Europe with a high profile. In 1247, the Baita Temple in Liangzhou was heavily guarded. Saban, the leader of the Sakya Sect of Tibetan Buddhism, represented the local government and the Mongolian representative Wang Kuoduan of Xiliang held a meeting. The Liangzhou Talks What exactly are we going to talk about?

Saban, Saban, the abbreviation of "Sakya Pandita", Dharma name Saban Kunga Gyaltsen, one of the five ancestors of the Sakya sect of Tibetan Buddhism, known as the "Fourth Sakya Patriarch" in the world. Ancient India will be familiar with it People with "Five Mings" (i.e., statement, craftsmanship, medical prescription, cause-intelligence and inner-intelligence) are called Pandita (i.e. great scholar), and Saban is the first person to receive this honor in the history of Tibetan Buddhism.

After the fall of the Tubo Dynasty, nobles from all over the country fought in a chaotic mess. Buddhism, which was originally used as an ideological weapon by the rulers, used the strong financial resources given by Zanpu in the past to overpower these nobles or local powerful factions. The snow-covered plateau gradually became the land of China. The only area where politics and religion are integrated. Therefore, whether the people on the plateau can maintain the trend of eastward development and whether they can integrate into the Chinese nation family, the attitude of the Buddhist chamber has become the key. So Saban stepped onto the stage of history.

On the night of the 26th day of the second lunar month in 1182, the wife of Bechen Wobu, the third son of the Sakya ancestor Gongga Nyingbu, Gapu Maonichijia was about to give birth. According to legend, Gapu Maonichijia had a magical dream. , a dragon king said to her in the dream: "Please lend me a place to stay." Then it turned into a white light and entered her belly. Gapu Maoni Chijia immediately had unbearable abdominal pain, and Beqinwobu hurriedly called for someone. He came to deliver the baby. Soon the sky was filled with clouds and the Buddha's light shone everywhere. After Saban was born, he could speak some Sanskrit. His mother could not understand it. She suspected that Saban was mute and told Bechenwobu about these strange phenomena. Bechenwobu looked carefully and found that little Saban spoke Sanskrit. He was very excited and thought that this was a child with Buddhist connections.

Because Saban has a prominent family background, he has very good learning conditions. In addition to his talent and intelligence, he has studied Buddhism with his uncle Drakpa Gyaltsen since he was a child. When he was nine years old, the young Saban was able to teach When she was 18 years old, she dreamed that there was a black-skinned and sharp-minded Pandita sitting next to Buba, the auspicious Sakya Monastery, who claimed to be the second awakener. It was Master Vasubandhu, from whom Saban studied the Abhidhamma Khasa. Later, he followed Kachi Panchen, the Indian Buddhist master Sakyamuni Bhadra, and the great Pandita Sakyamuni of the Kashmila Kingdom. Sri Sri studied Buddhism.

Due to his diligent study, he soon became a famous scholar in Tibet and even in the Buddhist circles in India. Sakya believers believe that only Saban can be called the authority, and others are nothing in front of him. Because of this,

Saban also attracted many people to challenge him. It is said that at that time, a group of heretics headed by Tsogye Gawa came to Tibet from other places to debate with Saban. The two sides agreed that the loser of the debate would convert to the other party's sect. After

After 13 days of intense and exciting debates, Tsoje Gawa and other heretics were all refuted. But Tsoje Gawa was unwilling to fail and immediately used his magic to fly into the air.

It is said that in order to prevent Tibetan Buddhism from being disturbed by heretics, Master Padmasambhava once asked 12 evil spirits to firmly protect the purity of Tibetan esoteric Buddhism. These evil spirits swore in front of the master to protect Buddhism and never allow heretics to

Those who confuse the Buddha's teachings will be punished immediately. In order to subdue these heretics, Saban invited Dacha Rinpoche, the great siddha in Tibet at that time, to come and help. With the help of Dacha Rinpoche, Tsogyekar was finally

Wa and other heretics surrendered. These heretics asked to convert to Buddhism and become a monk. However, Tsogye Gawa was still evil-minded. In order to show his power, he persuaded a group of evil masters who had not given up their true nature as heretics to enter Tibet and pretend to be monks.

The evil dharma confuses Buddhism. Tsogye Gawa’s behavior violated the oaths of the 12 ** gods and was severely condemned by the ** gods. From then on, Tsogye Gawa knew that Buddhism is boundless, and finally converted to Buddhism with all his heart.

Became a disciple of Saban. Since then, there has never been a debate between Buddhism and heretics in Tibetan history.

In 1206, Genghis Khan established the Mongolian Khanate. After his death, his descendants inherited his great cause and continued to conquer the east and west for external expansion. After his son Wokuotai succeeded to the throne, he sent Prince Kuoduan to garrison Liangzhou. In 1239

, Kuoduan ordered General Duda Nabo to attack Tibet.

Before launching the attack, Doddanapo had already sent people to Tibet to investigate. He had already mastered the geographical transportation of Lhasa and the distribution of monasteries of various Buddhist sects. In order to shock the leaders of monks and laymen of each sect, he first chose to stay not far from Lhasa.

Rezhen Temple and Jelakang Temple, located at the traffic hub, killed more than 500 monks in one breath. Among them, Dalong Temple was obscured by thick fog and was not discovered by the Mongols, so it escaped. Just before the Mongols

When they ordered the burning of Zhigong Temple, a sudden rain of stones began to fall from the sky. The Mongols thought they had offended the gods, so they ordered to stop destroying temples. However, the Mongolian army still destroyed many temples in Qinghai-Tibet, and the extent of the damage was greater than before in Tibet.

The degree of internal fighting between forces is high, which has caused a huge psychological shadow on the monks and laypeople of Tibetan sects.

Doda Napo was familiar with the art of war, and he knew that war was a bad strategy, and subduing the enemy without fighting was a better strategy. So he ordered the restoration of the Buddhist temple in Jelakan, as a gesture of goodwill to the Tibetan monks. This trick was indeed very effective, and the Mongols

It received a positive response in Tibet. The leader of the Kagyu sect sent people to send household registration books to the Mongols and expressed his willingness to surrender. However, he was still full of doubts about the money going to Mongolia, so he used old age and infirmity as an excuse.

He did not go. He recommended Sakya Pandita, the 58-year-old leader of the Sakya sect, and personally wrote a letter to encourage him to go to Mongolia to discuss the surrender of Tibet.

Kuoduan sent someone to meet Saban with this letter. Many people knew that this was an ultimatum issued by the Mongols. If Saban, as a religious leader, was unwilling to go to Mongolia for negotiations, the Mongolian army would most likely launch a full-scale attack on him.

Tibet launched an attack. However, if Saban chose to go to Mongolia, his personal safety would be in danger, so many people opposed him going to Liangzhou. Saban insisted on not risking his personal safety for the Dharma in his heart, and went to Liangzhou to rescue him.

All living beings. He was worried that if he did not go, the Mongolian cavalry would bring devastating disaster to the snowy plateau. For the sake of all living beings, Saban agreed to go to Liangzhou.

On his way to Liangzhou, Saban met with monks and lay leaders from various places and explained to everyone the reason why he went to Mongolia. He did not regard this as an adventure, but as a revelation from the Buddha, so he resolutely went to Liangzhou.

State. Saban took his nephews Basba and Chanadoji brothers. After nearly two years of long journey, they finally arrived in Liangzhou in August 1246 AD. But unfortunately, Kuoduan Khan happened to return to Mongolia to participate in the election.

During the meeting of princes and princes of the Mongol Khan, who was not in Liangzhou, Saban had to wait here for the return of Kuoduan Khan. During his stay in Liangzhou, Saban received warm hospitality from Liangzhou. During this period, people from the Mongolian court and Xixia, including the Uighurs,

From the monks, he learned a lot about the deeds of the Mongols in conquering all directions, as well as the current general trend in China. After gaining a deeper understanding of these things, he also had a clearer understanding of subsequent negotiations and choices, which prompted him to be more

Strengthen Tibet's determination to submit to the Mongol Khanate.

At the beginning of 1247, Kuo Duan returned to Liangzhou and met with Saban. The two sides first discussed Buddhism. Saban used his extremely profound knowledge and careful thinking to explain the teachings of Buddhism to the Mongolian Khan. Kuo Duan was very happy and let him

Saban sat on the throne. When praying and blessing, he first asked the Buddhist monks to give blessings.

Once, Saban was preaching to Kuoduan Khan. When he mentioned that the tortoise had no hair in the Sutra Book of Golden Light, Kuaduan refuted this statement and took out a piece of skin more than a foot long, with a piece of leather on it.

There are long colorful hairs, please see Saban. Saban believes that this is not a turtle skin at all, but an aquatic animal, which is the skin of all turtle-like tangible animals mentioned in "Bodhi Brave Knowledge". The skin appears on the skin.

There are statues of the Thousand-Armed Buddha and the eight disciples of the Bodhisattva. Sapan pointed out the statues to everyone present. Everyone was very surprised to see this sight. Kuoduan felt embarrassed and ashamed. In order to verify Sapan's magic power,

He ordered the magician to transform a temple in an empty place. After that, Kuo Duan said to Saban: "You are the enlightened monk I invited. I know very well that your magic power is boundless, so I decided to give you a temple as a gift."

This is a place that promotes Buddhist practice, please go there." When Kueduan Khan, Saban and others arrived in front of the temple, Saban saw at a glance that it was a transformed temple. He then used his magic power to make the transformed scene disappear.

It is said that the illusions that were not broken at that time can still be seen today, so it is called Huanhua Temple. Huanhua Temple is so large that one hall can accommodate ten thousand people. A stone lion was also unearthed at the old site of Huanhua Temple, with an open mouth as high as

Two meters. From this we can infer how grand this temple was at that time.

There is also a legend about the origin of Huanhua Temple. In order to test Saban's magic power and practice, Kuoduan invited a master to create a pavilion in the middle of the lake, and piled up the Tripitaka inside to make a Dharma throne.

The outside was wrapped in silk satin. Kuoduan Khan invited Saban to consecrate it. If Saban had no magic power, he would definitely fall into the lake. Saban saw through it immediately that it was just an illusion, so he used his magic power to turn the pavilion into a palace.

, formed a temple, which is the famous Huanhua Temple (today's Baita Temple in Wuwei City, Gansu Province). Saban sat directly on the "Tripitaka". After the consecration was completed, everyone found that the scriptures inside were all white paper. Everyone was busy

He knelt down and asked Saban to restore the Tripitaka, and the words flew back into the scriptures. Seeing this, Kuaduan Khan immediately paid homage to Saban and was willing to convert to Buddhism.

Kuoduan Khan offered the Tripitaka to Saban. Saban did not store it in Huanhua Temple. Instead, he poured it into the lake and transported it to Gaoer Temple in Tibet (in today's Kangding County, Sichuan Province) through the Dragon King.

). The Tripitaka there is available in Tibetan, Mongolian, and Chinese languages. According to people in the temple, it gushes out from the spring beside the temple. However, the scriptures in Gaoer Temple are short of one because there were original regulations.

Long was a lame man and fell behind on the way and lost one of the scriptures. Therefore, the scripture was left at the Gasi Temple, 60 kilometers away from the Gaoer Temple.

Kuoduan Khan also built a temple specifically for Saban to fill the lake - Haizang Temple. This project was very expensive and almost all ethnic groups, including the Han people, were not involved. The progress of the project was very slow. Kuoduan was furious.

Next, more than 2,000 Han people were killed to fill the lake in one day. Saban heard about this and hurried out to stop it. It is said that Kuaduan Khan massacred many innocent people, which made the Dragon King unhappy, so he punished him.

He was seriously ill and many doctors were helpless. Finally, Saban came forward to treat Kuoduan. In the process of treating Kuoduan, Saban told Kuoduan that he was the reincarnation of a king of Xixia who was killed by his ministers.

Later, the Mongolian army attacked Xixia and killed and destroyed the Xixia land to avenge his previous life. However, he offended the local gods of Xixia and needed to perform Buddhist rituals to get rid of the disease. Saban practiced the Lion's Roaring Bodhisattva in Haizang Temple.

It was only through rituals that Kuoduan's illness was cured. The highly toxic well water in the dragon well in the temple has since become a good medicine for curing diseases. It is said that drinking this water can not only dispel evil spirits and cure diseases, but also prolong life, so this well is praised by believers.

It is called "Sacred Well".

Saban's Buddhist theory of reincarnation provided an excuse for the Mongol army to conquer Xixia and expand its rule over the Xixia homeland. By treating Kuo Duan, Saban once again made a great statement and further established his position within Buddhism.

, the status of Tibetan Buddhism was raised above Christianity and Mongolian shamanism.

Huanhua Temple pioneered the construction of Tibetan Buddhist temples in the mainland by foreign monarchs, which is a remarkable thing. Since then, monks from other sects of Tibetan Buddhism have also gone to the mainland to seek support from the central dynasty and build temples to preach for themselves.

This will strengthen the religious relationship between Tibet and the mainland, and also strengthen the political, economic and cultural exchanges between Tibet and the mainland.

Saban has been thinking about how to negotiate with Kueduan Khan to maximize the benefits for the Tibetan people. After repeated thinking, he referred to the conditions for the Uyghurs to surrender to Mongolia, and the two sides negotiated the surrender of Tibet.

Kuaduan and Saban soon reached an agreement on the conditions for Tibet's surrender to Mongolia. Tibetan monks and lay leaders must pay tribute to Mongolia, recognize themselves as subjects of the Mongol Khanate, and be willing to accept Mongolian rule. Mongolia is willing to maintain the original status of monks and lay leaders everywhere.

Saban conveyed these opinions to Tibetan monks and lay leaders in his capacity as a Buddhist leader, and advised them to consider the overall situation and agree to these conditions. Saban also specifically addressed this matter to people from all walks of life in Tibet

He wrote an open letter. The content of this letter was to persuade monks and lay people everywhere to submit to the Mongol Khanate and give up their plan to resist the Mongolian army.

Saban showed his outstanding debating skills and manipulative skills during the talks. During the talks, he repeatedly mentioned the benefits of Uyghurs surrendering to Mongolia, allowing Kuo Duan to understand his intentions. There was a premise for the negotiations at that time, and that was

The Mongols had all the advantages. Once the negotiations broke down, the Mongolian army would immediately flatten the entire Tibetan area. In order to prevent the surrendered areas from being implicated in unregulated areas, Saban specially drew a map with clearly marked areas to be surrendered.

and unsubjected areas. Finally, he hoped that everyone could unite as one and abide by Mongolian laws. Only in this way can more benefits be brought to the leaders of various places and the entire Tibetan area.

In order to show loyalty to Mongolia, he also suggested that the Tibetan leaders donate many local specialties to the Mongols, and the tributes were all things that the Mongols liked.

In 1251, on September 8 of the Tibetan calendar, a strong earthquake occurred in the Liangzhou area. Saban's disciples asked him why the earthquake occurred, and he replied that usually something with signs would happen before the death of eminent monks. Sure enough, on November 11 of that year

In August, after getting off work, he had a premonition that he would die soon. Before his death, he personally passed his mantle to Basiba, who was only 17 years old. Saban hoped that he could continue to carry forward his career. In the early morning of the 14th, Saban

Gya Pandita held a vajra and a golden bell crossed at the chest and passed away and ascended to heaven at the age of 70. Sakya Pandita's sister Sopa Rangmu (who assisted Saban in building a temple in Liangzhou to promote Buddhism),

After learning the news of Sakya Pandita's passing, he also passed away peacefully.

In 1271, Kublai Khan changed the name of the country to Yuan. Tibet was officially under the jurisdiction of the central government of the Yuan Dynasty, and the Xuanzheng Yuan was established in the central government. The Yuan Dynasty sent special management officials to Tibet, stationed troops, set up post stations, checked household registrations, and levied taxes.

The Tibetan area is completely under the control of the central government, and the central government has also established a complete administrative system and system in the Tibetan area.

The Liangzhou Talks were a major event of far-reaching significance and turning point for the Tibetan people and the mainland. From this point of view, the Yuan Dynasty made a huge contribution to the return of Tibet to the mainland. Tibet has experienced more than 700 years of

The vicissitudes of life have long become an integral part of China.

Life insights: Sometimes, when faced with difficulties, we often retreat because the difficulties are too great; when faced with competition, we often escape because the opponents are too strong; when faced with responsibilities, we often shirk because the burden is too heavy; when faced with setbacks, we often shirk.

We often retreat without fighting... Yes, life has given us too many sufferings, and there are also too many reasons for us to escape. Why don't we dare to face all this? It's because we can't defeat ourselves.

All kinds of cowardice, worry, inferiority and fear in my heart!

Cowardice, inferiority, fear, these are human nature. These natures destined us to have many weaknesses in our hearts; we are often the most terrifying opponent, the most bottomless ditch, and the most invisible fog. In order to succeed

, we must defeat ourselves, ourselves are the most critical barrier to success.

Is there any reason for a person to give up his pursuit casually? No! Innate shortcomings, other people’s ridicule, and various other reasons are not thorns that hinder your success. You can only do it for stability and enjoyment, for petty profits, and to achieve temporary satisfaction.

, and giving up persistence and struggle will make you never be able to surpass yourself.

Those who endured tremendous mental and physical pain in order to overcome disease and disability, fearlessly declared war on death, perseveredly fought against fate, and lifted and pushed down the heavy weight of misfortune, which made even the heavyweight weightlifters stand in awe.

People. There are also those who deny themselves everywhere in order to overcome selfish desires, people who repeatedly work on themselves to overcome laziness, people who often stop their anger in order to overcome irritability, and people who constantly encourage themselves in order to overcome cowardice... They,

All are amazing people!

Therefore, when you encounter setbacks or are in adversity, you should fight hard and have the confidence and courage to overcome difficulties. Don't show off to others. If you can improve your thinking, style, character, temperament, and psychology,
Chapter completed!