Chapter 8 The Xiongnu Rise in the West

Section 1: The Five Husbands Disrupted China and the Northern Huns Migrated Westward

The tiger roars in the wind, the dragon leaps over the clouds, and the time will never come again. Try to look far from the sky, the long Huai River is clear and shallow, and the present is nostalgic for the past. The atmosphere of the homeland is heavy. The ambition is stretched, and the Xiongnu has not been destroyed. Why should we call it home early? It should be, After the whipping is over, the tax driver will return. Jiaxuan chats about the famous restaurant. Fan Chi is still not interested in learning to laugh. It seems like sleeping high in Nanyang, enjoying himself in the suburbs of Xin, Taolue in Fengxi, Fu Yeyanmei, in front of Zhizhang Pavilion , downstairs in Jishan, five osmanthus and three locust trees were planted one after another. With success and fame, he retreated bravely towards the rapids and was willing to linger.

Starting from the Cao Wei Dynasty, the Huns were strictly controlled to prevent them from rebelling again. However, during the Western Jin Dynasty, the management of the ethnic minorities in the north was very lax. Especially after the outbreak of the Eight Kings Rebellion, the Western Jin Dynasty fell into serious civil strife. Control of the Lakers was completely out of control.

During the Eight Kings Rebellion, the princes of the Jin Dynasty recruited barbarians to work for themselves in order to expand their power. In this way, those barbarians began to enter the Central Plains openly, and they also began to realize that the time had come to get rid of the control of the Central Plains dynasty.

Liu Yuan, the leader of the Huns, took the lead in seizing the opportunity and ascended the throne and proclaimed himself emperor. Liu Yuan had stayed in the Han Dynasty for a long time. Not only did he know the customs and habits of the Central Dynasty very well, but he also made friends with many dignitaries within the Central Plains Dynasty.

For the detailed history of this period, you can refer to another work of the author, The Storms of the Two Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties.

In short, after Liu Yuan claimed to be Chan Yu, he began to openly rebel against the Jin Dynasty under the banner of restoring the Han Dynasty. After Liu Yuan proclaimed himself emperor, nearby rebel leaders soon came to join him. For a time, Liu Yuan's power became very powerful. Strong. Moreover, he had many generals who were good at conquering and fighting. Among them was Shi Le, the leader of the Jie tribe. Shi Le was a very scary man. After he took refuge with Liu Yuan, he quickly wiped out all the armed forces of the Western Jin Dynasty in the north.

Soon, Liu Yuan died of illness. Liu He, who succeeded him, was narrow-minded and started massacring his brothers under the instigation of his subordinates. In the end, Liu He was killed by his younger brother Liu Cong, who ascended the throne and became the emperor.

Although Liu Cong accepted Han culture since childhood, he did not change his barbarian habits. Although he was good at fighting, he was debauched and immoral. In 311 AD, Liu Cong led his army to attack Luoyang and captured Jin Huai. Emperor Sima Chi.

In 317 AD, Liu Cong sent his general Liu Yao to besiege Chang'an. At this time, Emperor Sima Ye of the Western Jin Dynasty was captured.

As soon as Liu Cong came to the throne, he took all his father's wives and concubines into his own possession. Not only were all his actions unacceptable to the Han people, but many Huns also felt that he had gone too far.

Liu Cong was not only promiscuous, but also liked to kill innocent people indiscriminately. He went on a killing spree in the country, which eventually led to the Dizu and Qiang people who had surrendered to the Huns to raise their flags to rebel.

Not only did these foreigners raise their flags to rebel, but even the general Shi Le, whom Liu Cong relied heavily on, also supported his own troops. Many Huns fled to the south of the Yangtze River and defected to the Eastern Jin Dynasty.

In 318 AD, Liu Cong died of illness, and his son Liu Can succeeded to the throne. He was even worse than his father. After he became the emperor, he took all his father's wives and concubines into his own. He spent the whole day with less than five people. The 20-year-old empress dowager was so licentious that she didn't care about national affairs at all.

Not long after, Jin Zhun raised an army and killed Liu Can, calling himself the King of Han Dynasty. He also killed all the royal family surnamed Liu. He also dug up the coffins of Liu Yuan and Liu Cong and whipped their corpses. These brutal actions of his also caused a stir He was extremely hated by the Hun officials.

At this time, both Liu Yao and Shi Le, who were self-respecting soldiers, thought that the opportunity had come. They raised troops one after another under the banner of restoring the Han Dynasty and attacked Pingyang. Liu Yao accepted the advice of his subordinates and first proclaimed himself emperor and changed the name of the country to Zhao, which was called Zhao in history.

Former Zhao.

Shi Le took the lead and entered Pingyang. Jin Zhun's men killed him and then asked Liu Yao for protection. Shi Le was very angry and ordered a fierce attack on the city. The Jin family surrendered to Liu Yao, but Liu Yao killed them all.

After Shi Le entered the city, he hated Liu Yao very much. So he called himself King of Zhao, and was called Hou Zhao in history.

Shi Le and Liu Yao started a battle, and finally Liu Yao was defeated and captured. In 329 AD, Liu Yao's son could not support the entire country, and the former Zhao Dynasty was declared destroyed. So far, the Huns represented by Liu Yuan

The dream of trying to revive the Huns by taking advantage of the civil strife in the Central Plains was shattered.

But half a century later, another Huns named Helianbobo once again raised the banner of reviving the Huns.

Helian Bobo is a descendant of male Huns. If we trace it back further, his grandfather was the Youxian King of the last Chanyu of the Southern Huns. During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Helian Bobo's father returned to the former Qin Dynasty and was named Xidanyu.

Later, Helianbobo's father was defeated, and Helianbobo escaped alone and defected to Yao Xing of the Later Qin Dynasty. In 407 AD, Helianbobo betrayed the Later Qin Dynasty and launched an army to attack Yao Xing.

In 413 AD, Helianbobo established the Great Xia Kingdom, and he wanted to lead the Huns again to fight for the world.

Helianbobo, who became the emperor, was as cruel and easy to kill as the Huns. Not only did he like killing, but he also admired killing and liked people who killed. His sons killed each other, but he turned a blind eye and didn't care. In the end, he accepted his fate.

Because the son Helianchang who won the killing was. After Helianbobo died, Helianchang succeeded to the throne.

As early as when Helian Bobo was in power, his sons killed each other and depleted the vitality of Daxia. Now that Helian Bobo is dead, Emperor Tuobatao of the Northern Wei Dynasty took the opportunity to attack Daxia.

Emperor Helianchang was defeated and was eventually defeated and captured.

From then on, the dream of the descendants of the Xiongnu to revive the Xiongnu was shattered.

In addition to these two direct descendants of the Southern Huns, there is also Juqu Mengxun, who can barely be called a descendant of the Huns. He also has a dream of reviving the Huns. He also took advantage of the chaos in the Central Plains and established the Northern Liang Kingdom in Zhangye.

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It didn't take long for the Xianbei Tuoba tribe to enter the Central Plains and gradually develop and grow in the Central Plains. The Northern Wei regime aimed to unify the world. In 439 AD, the Northern Liang Kingdom surrendered because it could not resist the attack of the Northern Wei Dynasty. So far, the Five Dynasties

The Hu 16 Kingdoms came to an end, and the Northern Wei Dynasty unified the north.

The Huns in the north became subjects of the Northern Wei Dynasty established by the Xianbei people. Later, the Northern Wei Dynasty split into the Eastern Wei and the Western Wei. The seats were replaced by the Northern Zhou Dynasty of the Yuwen family, descendants of the Huns who submitted to Xianbei after the demise of the Northern Xiongnu. However, because they had been integrated into Xianbei for many years,

They no longer call themselves Xiongnu, but have become Xianbei people worthy of the name. By the early years of the Tang Dynasty, the Xianbei people who entered the Central Plains were completely integrated into the Han people, so until now, the Xiongnu as a nation no longer exists in China.

Although the Xiongnu disappeared in the Central Plains, the force of the northern Xiongnu who moved westward wrote its own history of reviving the Xiongnu in the west. It also shocked the world for a time, but eventually disappeared in the torrent of history.

After the Northern Xiongnu were completely defeated by the Eastern Han Dynasty, Bei Chanyu led a small number of forces to escape to Wusun. Later, Bei Chanyu took them to Kangju, but there were still some old, weak and sick people left in Wusun. By the time of the Southern and Northern Dynasties

Rouran, a nomadic tribe in Mobei, became stronger. He often sent troops to harass Wusun. Wusun was unable to resist, so he moved westward. The part of Liu in Wusun was taken advantage of by the Huns to establish a new country here.

Yue Ban. Yue Ban could not resist the powerful Rou Ran, and finally had to move away.

After the people led by Bei Shanyu arrived in Kangju, they found that this place was not enough to support them in reviving the Xiongnu. So they continued to move westward, and many years later they came to the Alan Kingdom.

This place is east of the Don River and north of the Caucasus Mountains. It is a vast prairie with rich water and grass. The Alan people belong to the Iranian race. The people of the Alan country are good at raising horses, and they have more than 100,000 troops. The Northern Huns are the

People who live in a wealthy world decided to compete with the Alans for their living space.

In 374 AD, the Northern Huns and the Alans fought a war. The two sides fought fiercely. In the end, the Alans were defeated by the brave Northern Huns cavalry. Most of the Alans accepted the rule of the Northern Huns. Nomads have always respected the strong.

Therefore, those powerful Alan warriors were absorbed into the ranks of the Northern Huns, and they began to serve the Northern Huns willingly. Moreover, as the Northern Huns migrated westward, nomadic tribes along the way continued to join them. This is also the reason why the Huns

This phenomenon is also very common even in the history of the development of grassland peoples in world history. Maybe the author's future works will involve the story of the once powerful nomadic peoples in the world.

Development history.

After the Alan Kingdom was wiped out by the Huns, they pointed the finger at the Ostrogoths. The Ostrogoths were a huge country established by the Germans. When the Northern Huns attacked, some rebel forces within the Ostrogoths also took the opportunity to raise troops.

They rebelled, so the Ostrogoths suddenly fell into a situation of internal and external difficulties, and soon the Ostrogoths were destroyed.

There is such a record in the book Gothic History: A hitherto unknown race emerged from the corner of the distant world, like a blizzard falling suddenly from the mountains, blocking everything in their path.

The objects were uprooted and completely destroyed. In the eyes of Westerners at that time, these Northern Huns were like devils.

The Ostrogoths were conquered by the Huns and began to move closer to the Visigoths. The Visigoths gradually lost their will to resist. Soon the Visigoths collapsed and began to flee their place of survival in fear. They were attacked by the Huns.

People are so scary that even one or two cavalrymen can massacre an entire village of civilians.

A large number of refugees from the Visigoth Kingdom poured into Rome. Originally, the Visigoths had a treaty with Rome, which stipulated that the two sides were not allowed to cross the Danube. The Roman emperor was also worried about being attacked by the Northern Huns cavalry, so he allowed these Visigoths who came to seek refuge

People were used as cannon fodder. They reached an agreement again. The Visigoths could cross the Danube, but they had to hand over their weapons and could only live on the Roman border, ready to defend the empire at any time.

The Romans promised to supply them with food, but these supplies were embezzled by the officials below. As a result, the conflict between the Visigoths and Rome continued to intensify.

Finally, the war between the Visigoths and Rome broke out, and the Visigoths, who had nothing left, plundered everywhere. The Roman Empire had to mobilize heavy troops to encircle and suppress the Visigoths, but more than 10,000 Roman soldiers died in this war.

This war can be said to have shaken the foundation of the Roman Empire, causing people within the empire to be content and no longer obey orders from the top of the empire.

The newly succeeded Roman emperor reached a new reconciliation with the Visigoths. The two parties agreed that Rome would give the land on the south bank of the Danube to the Visigoths, but they must promise to fight for Rome under the leadership of the Roman Empire.

The Northern Huns took advantage of the melee between the Visigoths and the Roman Empire. They had controlled the vast steppes from the Ural Mountains to the Carpathian Mountains, but they were not satisfied yet. They continued to cross the Carpathian Mountains into Hungary, and in

A country was established there, and the Northern Huns stopped moving westward.

After the Northern Huns moved westward, they absorbed new nomads in the process of continuous migration and conquest, so this also determined that their revival in Europe could only be short-lived.

A small group of Huns also crossed the Danube River, and Rome was forced to acquiesce in allowing them to live here. At the beginning, they behaved relatively calmly and did not launch a large-scale war.

After the Huns occupied the southern Russian grasslands, the population began to increase rapidly. Even so, they did not want to rashly launch a large-scale war. Instead, they first sent small groups of troops to harass neighboring countries and try to talk about their military strength and reactions. This part

The Northern Huns are about to set off a violent storm in the west, shaking up the entire west.

Short story: One winter evening, a bear from the south of the mountain and a rabbit from the north of the mountain met while they were struggling to find food in the snow. In the midst of hunger and cold, they cursed the cruel reality and described their own bright futures.

"I can't live like this anymore," Gou Jiao said weakly. "As soon as winter is over, I will plant an acre of corn, and I will be able to harvest a lot of corn cobs in autumn. I will hang these corn cobs in the cave and store them.

Then next winter we won’t be so miserable again.”

"We can't live like this anymore," the rabbit said listlessly. "As soon as winter is over, I will plant an acre of carrots. I will harvest a lot of carrots in the fall. I will hide these carrots in the cellar and save them.

Next winter won’t be so painful again.”

Another winter has arrived, and the bear from the south of the mountain and the rabbit from the north of the mountain met again in the snow. The bear didn’t mention growing corn, and the rabbit didn’t mention growing carrots. They just greeted each other politely, and then went around looking for food.

It turns out that the bear is busy gathering delicious honey all day long in the mountains, and has long forgotten about planting corn; the rabbit has planted carrot seeds in the spring, but is too lazy to plant carrots in the sun in the summer.

The seedlings were watered, but all the carrots died in the field.

Both bears and rabbits thought of ways to survive the winter, but either did not take practical action or failed to persist. They were destined to suffer from hunger and cold again.

In our daily life, there are also many "bear-like" and "rabbit-like" people. "Bear-like" people clamor to do something, but they never take action. In the end, they just deceive themselves;

People with the "rabbit style" do things from beginning to end, and do not stick to the end, making previous ideas and work meaningless.

Once you have a good idea, you must put it into practice. There is a saying that "everything is difficult at the beginning", but it is also particularly difficult to persist after a small start. Starting to do something often relies on confidence and determination: once something starts, it must start and finish.

You need to rely on patience and perseverance. Some people are full of confidence and high morale at the beginning of their work, but gradually feel bored after a while. In addition, things are not always smooth sailing, and they slowly stop amid difficulties or interferences of one kind or another.

Footsteps. As a result, you will give up on doing things halfway, and those who walk a hundred steps will be half-hearted. This is the truth.

The ancients said: "Only by burying your head can you get ahead." If a seed does not go through the process of struggling in the hard soil, it will be just a shriveled seed and will never sprout and grow into a big tree.

Many ambitious people mostly ignore the principle of adding up a little to make a big thing, and they only want to be amazing, instead of doing hard work. Suddenly one day, they see someone who started later than themselves and who is less talented than themselves.

Having already reaped a considerable harvest, he was shocked to realize that he still had nothing in this field. Only then did he understand that it was not that God had not given him any ideals or wishes, but that he was only waiting for a good harvest, but had forgotten

Work hard.

Food must be eaten one bite at a time, and things must be done one by one. "A nine-story platform starts from the foundation of the earth." - Only a building built with bricks and wood has a foundation, and only one step at a time will lead to a formed path.

If a person's pursuit of goals is compared to the top floor of a high-rise building, then the stage-by-stage goals are steps. This metaphor is easy to understand, but many people ignore this step-by-step "ladder"

"Principle". Gorky said in a conversation with young writers: "Writing a large novel at the beginning is a very clumsy way. Learning to write should start with short stories. Almost all the most outstanding writers in Western Europe and our country are

This is done because the words used in short stories are concise, the materials are easy to arrange, the plot is clear, and the theme is clear. I once advised a talented writer not to write long stories for the time being and learn to write short stories first, but he replied: 'No,
To be continued...