For everyone at the Hakodate Office, the Battle of Aihui was over once they evacuated the mouth of the Wulong River. When they returned to the Northland on the first day of June 1860, after taking a short rest, everyone began to be busy with the future of the Northland.

"Build the wall high, accumulate food widely, and become king slowly."

This is easy to say, but who knows who gets angry.

At the end of 1859, the area under the jurisdiction of Hakodate, including the Ezo Territory and the Northern Ezo Territory, had only about 78,000 official residents.

And what's going on with Fuso now? The fire is so intense that it's about to burn to the rafters!

According to trade agreements with various countries, Nagasaki, Kanagawa (Yokohama), and Hakodate opened to foreign trade starting from June 2, the sixth year of Ansei (July 1, 1859).

This Hakodate is also an open port, right in front of your eyes. You can see everything happening, and everyone thinks something is wrong and "take jujube pills."

Tokugawa Saiaki, the old lord of Mito, once proposed the "Five Evils of Trade Theory":

"Things imported from other countries are useless things, and things exported from Fusang are useful things. Exchanging useful things for useless things is the first harm;

Increasing export items will lead to insufficient use of hibiscus, which is the second harm;

Insufficient supplies will cause prices to boil, which is the third harm;

The beneficiaries are actually a very small number of businessmen, and the people suffer widely, which is the fourth harm;

Even if gold and silver are exchanged for exported items, it is still difficult to make up for the losses, resulting in people being unable to make ends meet.

It’s the fifth harm.”

High, really high! That’s so accurate!

"Take jujube pills." Nowadays, everyone has figured out the taste.

If the trade between the industrial country and the agricultural country is based on the current tariff agreement on fusang, the result will still be good!

Anyway, everyone in the executive office understands that they are worried all day long, "Even if Hakodate's foreign trade is better, the rest of Fuso is just for fun."

According to the saying in "Dream of Red Mansions", this is called "hot fire cooking oil, and flowers are blooming. Then the birds that have eaten all the food will jump into the forest, and the white ground will be so clean." - Naoxiu next to him yelled, "Which melon boy is so beautiful?"

The private reading was circulated!"

"Don't be afraid, it won't be over. In fact, Fusang has a way out."

The train runs fast because of the headband. You need to lead someone to solve this problem, otherwise people's hearts will be broken.

How should a country modernize?

Zhixiu can't answer this question - haha.

But there is a very successful example in his memory, and that is Prussia.

In 1512, the Teutonic Knights were secularized and the Duchy of Prussia (Dukal Prussia) was formally established.

In 1701, at the expense of supporting Osmaga's Habsburg dynasty in declaring war on the Bourbon dynasty of Buddhism, Frederick III, the Elector of Brandenburg, exchanged the title of king, and the Kingdom of Prussia began to flourish for more than 200 years.

history.

After experiencing the Seven Years' War from 1756 to 1763, England officially became the maritime overlord and moved towards an empire on which the sun never sets. However, at the same time, Prussia also relied on its own fighting and was officially regarded as one of the great powers.

By the time Frederick II died in 1786, Prussia's economy had recovered very well, and from then on it firmly held the title of a great power or a small power.

Around 1850, England took the lead in completing the first industrialization in its own country - it started in the 1760s, was basically completed in 1840, and was completely successful in 1850.

France and Prussia followed closely behind, and were completed around 1860.

As for the Mi people, the first industrialization in the north is thought to have been completed around 1880.

Unlike Britain and France, which had vast colonies, and the Americans, who had a vast territory rich in products, Prussia's innate conditions were not bad, but they were definitely lame in comparison - similar to Fuso, coal resources were abundant in the early days, but all resources were insufficient in the long run.

, especially the lack of iron ore, and the inability to be self-sufficient in food.

In the early Kingdom of Prussia, before 1883, there were no decent colonial areas, the fleet was not powerful at all, and the ocean trade was relatively weak.

Against backwardness.

Perhaps there are many interpretations of the rise of Prussia, such as the favorable environment, self-efforts, the emergence of talents in large numbers, good at fighting, seizing good opportunities, etc., but one thing is generally recognized, and that is that Prussia’s education leads the world - since

From 1763 to 1819, it basically improved compulsory education.

In 1619, the Principality of Prussia promulgated the "Compulsory Education Regulations", and in 1763, the Kingdom of Prussia promulgated the first "Compulsory Education Law".

Compared with Prussia, England began to fully implement compulsory education in 1870 and officially made primary education free in 1891.

The mark that France fully implemented this system was the "Ferry Act" in February 1879, which implemented seven years of free compulsory education from 1882.

The Americans promulgated the first compulsory education law in 1825, and the first public elementary school—free education—appeared in 1834. However, due to different state laws, it was not until 1919 that the last state, Alabama, enacted compulsory education.

education law.

Although Prussia took the lead in implementing compulsory education because of the needs of the religious reform at that time. But no matter what, it may not matter whether it was done unintentionally or it may have strengthened its faith after tasting the benefits. In any case, Prussia, which was determined not to relax, was able to catch up from behind.

Of course, the rise of Prussia had its geographical factors - although the ocean trade was carried out very generally, the customs union it established took advantage of its convenient location in the middle of Europe to rank second in the world trade share of the great powers in 1850.

Accounting for 14.4%. In the same period, the proportions of English, French and Mi people were only 23.3%, 10.3% and 8.8%.

However, Naohsiu and others couldn't control that much, so they had better shoot down the sparrow first and then talk about the wild geese. Anyway, they had already identified the path of establishing a career in education.

"Young people have great ambitions, and young birds have high ambitions."

Although the ambitions are high, there are really too few people in the North. We have worked hard for nearly ten years since 1850 and have achieved a lot. But when it comes to Fuso as a whole, this is just a drop in the bucket. Besides, "ten"

"Nian Yuren", let's do the math, I'm afraid I won't be able to make it in time, right?

"Who said you can't kill someone without a gun?" Nao Xiu smiled evilly.

There is a saying that "Books follow the same text, cars run on the same track, and actions follow the same principles." The earliest advocate was Brother Ying Zheng, who said, "If you don't hit someone on the forehead, they will hit you on the forehead."

From Shirozu to Hakodate, since the merger of Kita Ezo Land and Ezo Land, according to the private account of the administrative office, the education expenditure in 1859 was 155,000 yen, which was equivalent to the same amount as the small deposit of Tenpo. Makoto was huge

What a money!

Although the money was spent on local residents, no one said "the books cannot be used elsewhere."

Besides, when it comes to capital export in later generations, if others can do it, why can’t Hakodate do it?

Education output, let me walk!

Naohide secretly went to sea in 1846, but before that, he also had an important identity, that is, the private school teacher - of course, his contribution was mainly at the beginning, and played the role of yeast.

During his stay abroad, there were Mr. Tanan, Mr. Genpo and Mr. Nagatoshi Murata in Edo, Mr. Koan Ogata in Osaka, Kanbei Motoyoshi Yoshida in Tosa, Keisaku Ninomiya in Uwajima, Tadjun Oguri in Nagasaki, and Ariran in Saga.

In the dormitory and the windmill team, Higo has Yokoi Konan, and even Satsuma has Saigo and Okubo. These people are not idle.

Through the channels of orchid doctors and orchid scholars, the early orchid enlightenment books compiled by Zhixiu and others have now been widely circulated throughout Fuso. Of course, this "widespread" is a bit exaggerated, as orchidism was not a prominent school at that time.

But didn’t the black ships of Mi people come in 1853? After that, the shogunate released the confinement of Lanxue, so these enlightenment books did not spread. It is normal that the old version did not spread, because there was a better version at this time.

At that time, Naohide already had his own territory. He and his companions went to great lengths to print the "White Master's Notes" while printing new editions of enlightenment books.

During Naohide's stay in Mizhou, in addition to pretending to be clever and deceiving the rich and making money, he also engaged in scientific research and spent a lot of money editing books. In the future, Naohide, Eiko, Toranosuke, and Gakujiro were all posthumously awarded the honor of Mizu because of their contribution to promoting culture.

.Of course, at that time, it was mainly to win over, but Naohide and others really deserved it.

Heart.

When Naohide and others returned to Fuso in 1849, the children's books of his Bantam Book Company had already begun to become popular in North America and headed towards Europe.

After returning to Fuso and absorbing the improvements from previous schools, Shirozhugogakus continued to improve the content of the book under the leadership of Naohide and Takano Nagai, whose pseudonym was Yoshida Etoku.

In 1853, Kurofune visited, and after that, the shogunate released the restrictions on Orchidism, and the enlightenment books on Orchidology published by Shirozhu became popular in Fuso. Of course, in order not to create any confusion, these books were not marked as coming from Shirozhu's study.

These books are available in both hardcover and simplified versions.

The hardcover version is richly illustrated, while the simplified version has fewer pictures and more words - this is considering Fuso's printing level at this time.

But facts have proven that you can’t underestimate anyone.

In the Edo period, there was a kind of "Yomiuri Tile Ban", which was similar to later tabloids and leaflets, and used ceramic printing.

The shogunate had no copyright protection regulations, and profiteers from all over the world discovered that there was a huge market for orchid enlightenment books, so they rushed to the sea one after another. The tile version was a bit rough, but under the temptation of money, they actually printed hardcover editions - who made the simplified version of it

It's not easy to sell.

I really thought that Naohide and others had been working hard in the north. The orchid enlightenment books scattered all over the place were the tentacles of the White Lord.

"Books in the same text", this is an important advantage of East Asian culture - by the way, this has nothing to do with Confucianism. When Yingzheng was in a rage, Legalism was the prominent school of Qin.

Anyway, Zhengxiu doesn't have the world's best hobbies and desires. There is no private goods in this orchidology enlightenment book, so the shogunate and the local daimyo don't strictly control it.

But in fact, there are still private goods, and science is the biggest private goods among them - the scientific spirit must be questioned because of its falsification.

You can't make soap or make a fortune with enlightenment books, but those who want to make a fortune can buy advanced books. Bai Zhuxue, in the spirit of benefiting his hometown, has been printing books desperately in these years, and then jumping off the building to sell them -

-The Westerners found out later and searched everywhere for someone who was harming others and not benefiting themselves. However, they finally discovered it too late, and there was nothing they could do about it at that time.

Speaking of which, Fuso's literacy rate is very impressive.

Some people in later generations claimed that the literacy rate in the Edo period was 40%.

Come on, no one who makes health care products would dare to brag like this!

Naoxiu now understands how this literacy rate came about - being able to recognize one's own name is considered literate. How can such a literacy rate not be high?

After the Restoration, the primary compulsory education system was established in 1872. The subsequent enrollment rates were:

28.13% in 1873, 35.38% in 1875, and 39.87% in 1877.
To be continued...