Then the Roman Empire needed to conduct a census because of its perennial foreign wars. According to the census in 154 BC, the number of Roman people suitable for military service was approximately 324,000, and by 136 BC

At this time, the territory of the Roman Empire was larger, the land was more vast, and the resources were more abundant. However, the number of people serving in the military dropped to 318,000. This situation is obviously problematic. The population has decreased?

Another is that in the lands conquered by the Roman Empire, resistance rose and fell with each other, and became more and more intense. At this time, the Roman nobles realized that in order to consolidate the vast territory and carry out effective rule, they needed to suppress the resistance in the conquered areas.

, must need a very powerful army. So in the second half of the second century BC, some cheerful nobles headed by the Gracchi brothers launched a campaign centered on solving the land issue.

A reform movement to revitalize the peasantry and then the army.

Tiberius Gracchus, he was born in a prominent noble family. He himself had participated in many wars and made great military exploits, so he had a very high reputation among the Romans, and in BC

He was elected as a tribune in 133. After becoming a tribune, Tiberius Gracchus immediately promulgated his own reform plan. The plan stipulated:

The land held by any Roman could not exceed 500 yug. A yug was a land unit for the Romans. One yug was approximately equal to 0.25 hectares. His son could own another 250 yug when he reached adulthood, but

The total land owned by each family shall not exceed one thousand yug. The excess part will be purchased by the state, and then divided into small pieces of land of 30 yug each by the state, and distributed to landless civilians free of charge, and this kind of land is also

Transfer and sale are not allowed.

Tiberius Gracchus also established a special committee responsible for recovering and distributing land. However, this plan must have been a big blow to the nobles. After all, the nobles could not do this because of the "Law of the Twelve Tables".

By fabricating charges against civilians in various ways, they have lost a lot of interests. But if they do this now, their interests will be reduced even more. This was originally a way for nobles to legally earn profits in various ways. Therefore, many

The nobles who own large tracts of land completely disagree with this plan. Because we can also understand that this plan almost completely blocks the way for the nobles to make profits.

So the nobles united and hoped to silence the tribune Tiberius Gracchus. However, this plan was supported by the majority of the common people. We have also mainly talked about the concept of democracy before, which is an extension of the so-called democracy.

The concept is: if everyone thinks that this person is guilty, then this person will probably not be able to escape the guilt. On the contrary, if most civilians think that something is correct, then this thing will probably be correct.

At this point, after a very fierce struggle, the citizens' assembly approved the plan proposed by Tiberius Gracchus.

In order to completely implement this plan, Tiberius Gracchus also decided to run for the next tribune. However, this plan has not been fully implemented so far. Many nobles still maintain their large tracts of land and continue to

They only care about their wealthy life and do not care about the quality of life of the common people. Therefore, these very conservative nobles are preparing to assassinate Tiberius Gracchus at the next election meeting.

So the more conservative nobleman Nasika spent money to hire a group of thugs, hid weapons, and sneaked into the venue. However, someone told Tiberius Gracchus about this situation and reminded Tiberius Gracchus to avoid it, but

Tiberius Gracchus believed that if he evaded the offer now, the people would be disappointed, so he refused. He put his hands on his head, making a gesture that threatened his life.

At this time, the conservative nobles shouted: Tiberius Gracchus wants us to give him a crown!

At this point, Naccasi and his thugs took out their murder weapons and shouted loudly: Tiberius Gracchus has betrayed us Rome! Patriots follow us!

Nakashi and his thugs rushed forward aggressively and started a fierce battle with the supporters of Tiberius Gracchus. More than 300 people, including Tiberius Gracchus, fell in a pool of blood.

.The atrocities committed by the conservative nobles aroused the strong anger of the Roman people! Suddenly everyone in Rome was looking for Nakashi. Nakashi was so frightened at this time that he abandoned everything he had here.

Wealth, and then escaped from the city of Rome, but was still killed in Asia Minor.

At this time, Roman civilians began to become angry, and the Senate was frightened by the public anger and did not dare to abolish the land reform plan, because after it was abolished, the Roman Empire might be finished. This is no joke. So in Tiberius?

In the six years after Gracchus' death, more than 80,000 commoners who were landless due to exploitation by the nobles were given land.

Then in 124 BC, Tiberius Gracchus's younger brother, Gaius Gracchus, was elected as the tribune for the next year. He was more radical than Tiberius Gracchus and was more friendly to the people.

Attractive. At this time, the conservative nobles exclaimed: Tiberius Gracchus is back.

After Gaius Gracchus came to power as a tribune, he continued to implement his brother's bill. However, there was not much land in Rome at this time, so he proposed to build three more immigration areas in Italy and North Africa to solve the problem of land

Question, this has also received strong support from the common people, and the conservative nobles hate Gaius Gracchus even more! It seems that they just don’t want others to live better than them. Anyway, it seems that only their nobles can be regarded as human beings.

Other people are not human beings.

So at a conference, a conservative nobleman insulted Gaius Gracchus. As a result, the nobleman died on the spot! Why? Although the conference is very sacred, under normal circumstances such insults are not allowed.

, let alone human life, but the civilians were angry, so they killed the noble who insulted Gaius Gracchus on the spot.

But the nobles were very rich, so they used this as an excuse to recruit a large number of soldiers and horses, and then carried out a very crazy act of revenge, which resulted in the murder of more than 3,000 civilians, and Gaius Gracchus was also forced to flee.

, and finally committed suicide in despair. At this point, the reform of the Gracchi brothers finally failed. We can also say that they were defeated by the money power in the hands of the nobles.

So this eventually led to the decline of the Roman Empire. Why should we understand it this way? In fact, this is really easy to understand, because the soldiers are civilians, the people who burn, kill and loot are also civilians, and the people who die are also civilians, etc.

It has nothing to do with the nobility at all. The nobility is just exploiting the common people to survive. But now because the common people can't survive, and the money power in the hands of the nobles is too huge, resulting in strong soldiers and horses, the ordinary common people still dare not resist, so

This is like changing from an originally democratic era back to the so-called slave era. But the strange thing is that the nobles just let the Roman civilians continue to burn, kill and loot to create wealth for them, and things like farming,

Slaves captured from other places were working. But no matter how we understand it, Roman civilians have now completely become slaves, so the number of soldiers has begun to decrease crazily.

So this leads to a series of problems, but let’s analyze this problem from the beginning. Around the second century BC, the Roman Empire was already a powerful empire spanning Europe, Asia, and Africa, and it was still growing year after year.

External expansion made large numbers of prisoners of war and conquered residents become slaves of the Romans. The slaves of the Romans really had a hard time. We can think about how the nobles of Rome were very concerned about creating wealth for them and even nobles for them.

The desperate civilians are so cruel, what about the residents and prisoners of war in other city-states? So the slaves of the Roman Empire were called: talking tools. Think about the concept of this title?

So the slave owners had nothing to do anyway, because they only needed to exploit the Roman civilians, then use force to make them surrender, and let them continue to fight to create wealth and slaves for their nobles. Therefore, the Roman nobles just wanted to kill them.

For fun, they built huge gladiatorial arenas. Gladiators were forced to hold sharp swords and daggers to fight each other, or they were allowed to fight lions and other beasts, so that their nobles could watch.

Play. Anyway, after a duel scene, all that is left on the scene are the corpses of slaves. No, no, no! We should not say that they are slaves, because our human definition of slaves is that they are still human beings, just

They were just enslaved. So we should say that what is left in the arena are just corpses of talking tools. Anyway, I feel that it is more appropriate to say it this way.

Anyway, the Roman aristocrats used the concept of money to build this kind of violent and extremely cruel order, which lasted for many, many years. Anyway, as long as it is a talking tool in the eyes of the Roman aristocrats, then its fate is simply miserable and miserable. This is different from our entire human race.

Historically, the lives of slaves in any country were different. This is simply a vivid interpretation of the concept of a talking tool!

So in 80 BC, Thrace in the northeast of Greece, which we today call Bulgaria and the European part of Turkey, was also conquered by Rome. The war general Spartacus was captured and turned into a slave.

He became a gladiator for the amusement of Roman nobles. In a gladiator school in Capua, Spartacus suffered inhuman treatment. It was not easy for him anyway, because after all, he was only a Roman noble.
Chapter completed!