However, the Chalukya Kingdom's army still blocked Harsh King's army. King Harsh's army suffered heavy casualties like the Chalukya Kingdom's army. In the end, King Harsh knew that he could not defeat him, so he asked for peace with the Chalukya Kingdom.

Peace was negotiated and it was agreed that the Namada River would be the boundary between the two countries.

Then the Chalukya Kingdom agreed to this condition because its army suffered heavy casualties, and King Harsha's army suffered even more heavy casualties, so King Harsha immediately led the remaining remnants of the army back to the Harsha Dynasty, and then King Harsha never appeared again.

Conducted the Southern Expedition.

This is mainly because it is not easy to fight, and the casualties are too heavy, which makes the civilians in the Harsha Dynasty miserable, because those who fight as soldiers are civilians, and those who die in large areas are also civilians. King Harsha is actually

A very sincere Buddhist believer, and the main teachings of Buddhism are to do good, not to kill, or even save people! King Harsha was also seriously influenced by Buddhist teachings, and then built a large number of Buddhist temples and pagodas all over the country.

When building these buildings, the civilians of the Harsha Dynasty were also very willing to help. After all, this was their belief and they would not feel that King Harsha was making them do hard labor.

Therefore, this led to the Harsha Dynasty, where more than a hundred Buddhist temples were established in Qunu City alone. Moreover, there were many sects in Buddhism, which caused great disputes.

A religious conference, also called the Uncensored Conference, was to be held in 2011 for them to debate. However, Xuanzang, an eminent monk from the Tang Dynasty of China, unexpectedly refuted all the monks at a conference and won the final victory.

From 641 to 647 AD, King Harsha sent envoys to our Tang Dynasty in China many times, and Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty would also send diplomatic missions led by Wang Xuance and others to pay return visits. Because we in China

The Tang Dynasty was very powerful, so King Harsha usually went out to welcome the Tang Dynasty in person, accepted the Tang Dynasty's credentials, and gave us Chinese Tang Dynasty fire beads, turmeric and Bodhi trees, etc., and has always maintained a very close relationship with our Chinese Tang Dynasty.

Friendly relationship.

Until King Harsha died in 647 AD, the Harsha Dynasty in India suddenly began to be in chaos. The top officials wanted to get the throne of King Harsha, so they fought openly and secretly, and even took violent actions. Rivers of blood flowed everywhere, and dead bodies were everywhere.

The Harsha Dynasty also completely collapsed, and North India once again fell into a state of division.

Now that we understand the problems in India, we can of course see that the Indian Empire during this period was still completely divided. Whether it was the struggle for power at the top or the caste system with the lower class, there were constant disputes, but we can also say

, the Indian Empire at this time did have a great influence on the entire system because of the emergence of Buddhism, a special culture, and the main concepts of this Buddhist culture were spread to China at a very fast speed. We had this problem before.

After several discussions, let’s now take a look at a Buddhist monk from this period in China, the Xuanzang we just mentioned in the Indian Empire.

Xuanzang was a very smart child since he was a child, and his understanding was also very high. Moreover, Buddhist culture had been spread to China a long time ago. After all, China and the Indian Empire are very close to each other! So Xuanzang was exposed to Buddhism from an early age.

Culture, and was also very interested in Buddhist culture. Therefore, after Xuanzang's father passed away, Xuanzang followed his brother who was a monk in Luoyang Pure Land Temple to listen to the teachings of eminent monks in various places, and gradually he also had the idea of ​​becoming a monk.

When Xuanzang was thirteen years old, he was ordained as a monk in the Pure Land Temple and began to study Buddhism. When Xuanzang was eighteen years old, there was war in China at this time, so Xuanzang traveled to China to avoid the war.

Along the way to Chengdu, we also saw countless Chinese casualties in the war, and even more people were hungry and poorly clothed. In fact, compared to the Western empires, the war in China was relatively better.

Why do I say this? In fact, we in China have not had slaves in the substantive sense since the Qin Dynasty. Even if there is any problem, you can complain to the top management, but there are always places where the sky is high and the emperor is far away, so it cannot be managed.

Come, but no matter what, the casualties in China are not as serious as those in Western countries. Western countries all burn, kill, loot, and then rape women, and then capture talking tools, which are slaves in the real sense.

Okay, our topic seems to have gone too far. In short, Xuanzang was eighteen years old at this time. He also came to Chengdu because of the war in our period in China, that is, during the Tang Dynasty. To avoid the war, he came to Chengdu.

After Xuanzang stayed in Chengdu for five years, he started to travel eastward, which seemed to be a form of wandering. In fact, he was looking for a better master who could help him solve the confusion in his heart. Therefore, he went eastward to Jianmen and the Three Gorges, searching for him everywhere.

Teacher and good friend.

This wandering situation lasted for ten years, that is, ten years later, Xuanzang at this time was already very proficient in various Buddhist dharma and Buddhist classics. In 627 AD, Xuanzang decided to completely solve the problem of Buddhist teachings.

Without any customs clearance documents, he set out alone on a thousands-mile journey to India to seek Buddhist teachings.

Xuanzang's westward journey passed through Liangzhou, Guazhou, Yumenguan, Yiwu, Gaochang, Yanji, Quzhi, Suye, Tiemenguan, Tohara and other places. Along the way, he lived in the open air and slept in the open air.

Crossing mountains and ridges, crossing the Gobi Desert and the Great Desert, we finally arrived at the border of North India.

As we have said before, India at this time was always dealing with wars, and King Harsha could not completely unify it. There was a serious lack of military strength, and coupled with the influence of Buddhist culture, killing animals was not good. In short, King Harsha

He himself believes in Buddhism. If he had not believed in Buddhism, from my personal point of view, there would definitely have been a more heinous and large-scale bloody battle.

Therefore, the Indian Empire at this time was divided into five parts: east, south, west, north, and central. Xuanzang first arrived at the Buddhist holy land of Gandhara in northern India. Xuanzang did not stay too much in Gandhara, so he had to travel a long distance.

After a long journey, we came to the Kingdom of Kashimila, the birthplace of Theravada Buddhism. At this time, Xuanzang lived in the Tayayinda Temple in the royal city for two years, where he also gained a lot of knowledge about Buddhism and learned from a close friend.

The ancient monks studied the Theravada classics, the study of statements, which is the study of language, and the study of logic, which is what we call logic today. The third one is Xuanzang, who read all the scriptures in the temple before leaving Tao Yeyin.

Duoluo Temple, and also left the Kingdom of Kashimila.

Then Xuanzang passed through the Harsha Dynasty and arrived at Qunu City, the capital of the Harsha Dynasty. Finally, he arrived at the Nalanda Temple, the largest Buddhist temple in India, the highest institution of learning of Indian Buddhism, and the center of academic culture.

In Nalanda Temple, Xuanzang became a disciple of Master Jiexian, the highly respected abbot of the temple. He studied Buddhism with great concentration and studied "Yoga Theory". Moreover, Xuanzang also read all the scriptures in the temple here. At this point, Xuanzang said goodbye.

Master Jiexian traveled to various places to study. In 640 AD, Xuanzang returned to Nalanda Temple. At this time, Master Jiexian asked Xuanzang to preside over the lectures in the temple.

During this period, in 641 AD, a debate was held in the Buddhist community, which we mentioned earlier was a conference held by King Harsha every five years. Xuanzang wrote a book in Sanskrit, refuting all the arguments.

The monk made Xuanzang famous throughout the foreign land! Xuanzang was also elected as the keynote speaker. At this time in India, about 6,000 monks and believers from various sects in 18 countries came to attend the meeting and came to listen to the Chinese

The famous Dharma Master Xuanzang gave lectures on the Sutras. In the end, more than 50,000 people came to listen to Xuanzang's lectures.

Xuanzang hung the scriptures he produced at the door of the venue, and declared in accordance with the custom of Indian Buddhism: If anyone can find any fallacy, he should be beheaded as a thank you! As a result, no one can refute Xuanzang, so the entire Indian

They were all convinced by Xuanzang. Therefore, King Harsha followed the Indian custom at this time and asked Xuanzang, the winner of the debate, to ride on an elephant and parade for a week.

After that, Xuanzang embarked on his return journey to China. In 645 AD, Xuanzang finally returned to Chang'an City, where he had been away for more than ten years, and began a large-scale campaign in Hongfu Temple.

Buddhist scripture translation business. Xuanzang was not only proficient in Buddhist teachings, but also proficient in Sanskrit. He followed the principle of translation that required both truth and metaphor. He spent the next nineteen years presiding over the translation.

There are seventy-four Buddhist scriptures and treatises, totaling more than 13 million words.

Finally, Xuanzang also wrote "Records of the Western Regions of the Tang Dynasty", which recorded more than 110 countries that he personally visited, as well as the mountains, rivers, topography, geographical location, and historical evolution of 28 countries that he had heard about.

, customs, religious products, etc., are also important documents used by our Chinese people to study the history of Central Asia, South Asia and other countries.

At this point, we have also learned about the life of our Chinese Master Xuanzang. In general, the story of Master Xuanzang and the "Records of the Western Regions of the Tang Dynasty" written by Master Xuanzang have always been part of the novels in China.

A variety of themes, such as "Tang Sanzang's Journey to the West", "Journey to the West", etc., and even in our modern era, many archaeologists also dug up unearthed objects long forgotten by history based on the documents in "The Tang Dynasty's Records of the Western Regions"

Rajagaha, Nalanda Temple and other ruins.

Okay, as for the story of Master Xuanzang in China, that’s it. From here, it’s not difficult to see why Buddhist culture has flourished in China. In fact, it was mainly because of Master Xuanzang’s journey to the west.

It is precisely because of the importance of this book "Records of the Western Regions of the Tang Dynasty" that in short Buddhism is not our native religion in China, and when Buddhism later competed with our native Chinese Taoism, our Chinese Taoist priests lived a very miserable life.
Chapter completed!