Chen Gui said: "Could it be that weight is force?"

It’s not surprising that Chen Chui has such thoughts.

It is already very good that he has come this far.

If you ask an ordinary person in this era, ordinary people will only think that the invisible force may be the power of ghosts and gods.

In fact, the mechanics of the Song Dynasty were not completely without foundation.

During the Northern Song Dynasty, the Water Transport Instrument Tower can be said to be the earliest clock in the world.

The concept of the Waterborne Instrument Observatory widely absorbed the advantages of various previous instruments, especially the advantages of the automatic timekeeping device improved by Zhang Sixun, an astronomer in the early Northern Song Dynasty.

In terms of mechanical structure, it adopts the mechanical principles of waterwheels, barrel wheels, tangerines, cams and balance beams used by civilians, and integrates observation, demonstration and time reporting equipment to form a whole and become an automated observatory.

Later, Su Song and Han Gonglian continued to improve.

There are gears and even escapements.

How else could the British scientist Joseph Needham say that the Waterborne Instrument Tower was the originator of the world's clocks?

These are all things that can only be made if you have a certain understanding of mechanics. They can be said to be the crystallization of the top technology of the 12th century.

It is a pity that the water transport instrument platform was abandoned during the Jingkang Rebellion and was lost.

In the Southern Song Dynasty, Qin Hui, Zhu Xi and others were allowed to continue to develop it and invested a lot of money, but it was not developed.

Fortunately, in Zhao Ning's era, this kind of thing still exists.

At this time, the water transport instrument platform was placed in Gewuyuan.

Zhao Ning placed the old clock on the imperial desk.

He looked at the "watch" and saw that it was more like a clock than a watch.

It's only about half the size of a palm, but it's thick enough and tall enough, and it makes sounds from time to time.

It is estimated that there is a small weight-like device exerting force inside.

Zhao Ning is not sure about the device of the water transport instrument platform. I am afraid it is very complicated and exquisite, and it may even have springs similar to springs.

Zhao Ning did not continue to discuss the principles of clocks. He predicted that a considerable number of these clocks would have problems after mass production.

It is reasonable for a new product to require a part of mass production before problems are exposed.

Since you have a certain foundation in mechanics, you will be able to understand gravity much faster than the average person.

However, calculating the acceleration due to gravity is a very complicated process.

Zhao Guanjia said: "Chen Qing, let's sort out your thoughts."

"Please give me your Majesty's advice."

"The major premise is that there must be the existence of Tao, and all things operate according to its objective laws."

"That's right."

"Minor premise: Objects will fall in the air."

"Yes."

"So, the falling of objects in the air is an objective law."

Chen Gui continued: "Yes."

Zhao Ning said: "I call this kind of inference the deduction method."

"deduction?"

"The core of the deduction method is that the premise must be established. We all agree that there are objective laws in the world." Zhao Ning said, "The objective laws I just mentioned are a major premise, and objects falling in the air is a minor premise.

If objective laws do not exist, the major premise is not a fact, and everything inferred later will be wrong."

Chen Gui fell into deep thought. This was the first time he had heard of this way of thinking.

But it does make sense.

In fact, many people usually use this method, but no one has summarized it.

This is logic.

Science is a discipline that explores the laws of nature, and natural laws are things that exist objectively.

Human thinking is full of subjectivity.

Without philosophy and logic as the basis of thought, thinking that is full of subjectivity and conjecture can easily diverge and become blurry.

Zhao Guanjia continued: "The falling of objects in the air is a major premise."

"Yes."

"Objects move only when they are acted upon by force."

Yes."

"So when an object falls in the air, it is acted upon by a force."

Chen Gui continued to nod: "That's right."

Zhao Ning continued: "When an object falls in the air, it is acted upon by a force. Objects of different weights fall on the ground and receive different amounts of force. Therefore, the force on an object when it falls is related to its weight."

"That's right, Your Majesty."

"You can think about this kind of deductive reasoning and write it into a book. It will be very helpful for exploring the Tao."

Chen Gui looked slightly excited: "Why does your Majesty know so well?"

"I usually have nothing to do, but I also like to think about some things and my thoughts."

"Then this is Your Majesty's hard work. How can I rob it at will?"

"It doesn't matter. I only know a little bit about it. You can think about it based on what I mentioned. You should think further than me."

Zhao Ning can't say that the person I'm riding on the horse is from time travel, of course I know!

He continued: "You saw a black horse eating grass, and then you said that horses are all black. Is this conclusion correct?"

Chen Gui was stunned for a moment and said, "No, there are white horses and brown horses. Not all horses are black."

"You saw objects falling down, and the heavier ones leaving bigger marks. It's related to weight, so you said weight is force. Is that correct?"

Chen Gui was stunned. Only then did he understand the purpose of what Zhao Guanjia said.

"It may be right, but it may not be right." Zhao Ning said, "This is called induction."

"Induction?"

"That's right, induction is to infer conclusions based on the phenomena you observe. For example, you observed black horses, and you said horses are all black. You observed objects falling. The force of falling heavy objects is greater. You made the objects fall.

What is true is that force is weight, and the conclusions of these reasonings are uncertain."

Zhao Ning continued: "But when you are pursuing the Tao, you have to investigate and reason. According to the results of this kind of thinking and reasoning, what can not be determined is the objective law, but often many people always rashly

It was concluded that it was an objective law, thus causing an error."

When Zhao Guanjia said this, Chen Gui was suddenly enlightened.

He really regarded weight as gravity. This is not wrong. It is an uncertain result of induction. Since it cannot be certain, we can only keep conjectures instead of arbitrary definitions.

"Then how can we avoid it?"

"Observe more." Zhao Ning said, "I ask you, the moment you let go of the coconut and the moment it landed, did they move at the same speed?"

Chen Gui was originally shocked by the deduction and induction methods, but now that he heard Zhao Guanjia's reminder, he stood still on the spot again.

"no the same!"

"You didn't take this factor into consideration, which led you to think that weight is the force, and you made the mistake of seeing a dark horse and thinking that all horses are dark horses."

"I understand!" Chen Gui was immediately overjoyed.

"Do you know how to measure how fast those are moving?"

"I have some ideas, let me try it out!" Chen Gui's eyes shone.

Zhao Ning said: "Remember the deduction method and induction method I mentioned, and deduce according to their general principles. Don't blindly follow underground judgments!"

"Your majesty is a wise man, I will be enlightened by these words! I will leave first!"

"Make a batch of this clock first, and the quantity will reflect its problems."
Chapter completed!