Tang Qi looked at the cytology expert with a relieved look, and then asked with interest:

"A big shot like you, who has won the Nobel Prize, discovered that the cell nuclear reprogramming technology can create multifunctional cells and realize the free conversion of type cells. It sounds amazing. What is its core principle? Is it a biological genome?"

Tang Qi has learned about this technology, but today, the pioneering technology is here. It is undoubtedly the most efficient way to learn directly from him.

After all, this technology is really amazing, it is really a technology that benefits mankind.

Its magic is that if a person's liver is necrotic, it is risky to rely on liver transplantation, and there is also rejection, and the donated organs are always short of supply on the source path, and the supply is in short supply. However, with this technology, it can be completely transformed from cells in the patient (such as skin cells) into liver cells and cultivated into liver. This not only greatly reduces the risk, but also does not worry about rejection at all, and there is no need to worry about whether there is a "source of goods".

"The core of its principle is nuclear gene expression, and the key point lies here."

Fujiwara No Marrying looked at Tang Qi, who was like a mountain, and thought about it for a while and said in a metaphor:

"Didn't you have a proverb that says this: A good woman can't cook without rice. The expression of a nucleus is such a good woman. She can carry the genetic instructions in the chromosome and purposefully transform the cell itself. I just discovered this good woman, artificially intervening to achieve its function."

"I still don't understand."

Tang Qi said in confusion:

"Is it said that if it could have created type A and type B cells according to the genetic instructions, it is now artificial intervention to directly transform type A cells into type B cells?"

"Well, that's about that."

Fujiwara nodded and continued:

"The correct statement should be like this: there are two types of cells A and B, and the same gene instructions are stored in their nuclei. Artificial intervention is to say to type A cells: Hey, vesicle balls, you turn them into B cells. Type A cells nodded: OK. Then A opened the gene instructions in the nucleus, looked at the structural diagram of B, and then changed the cell structure of A accordingly according to the structural diagram to make it look like B cells."

"If this is the case, shouldn't the core basis be the biological genome? Without the genetic instructions, type A cells cannot be transformed into type B cells!"

Tang Qi still wondered.

...Well, another guy who exaggerated biological genes. Fujiwara thought about it and said:

"Well, I think cells are magical and great, don't over believe and worship the interpretations of gene experts. In my opinion, biological genomes are more like life diaries written by organisms, not life instructions in the true sense."

???

Tang Qi opened his eyes wide in surprise, as if he had noticed the guy in front of him. He turned out to be a weird guy like him.

My colleagues who have worked with Tang Qi have commented on Tang Qi this way: they always make different voices from others, always question public reasons, and put forward strange personal opinions.

Now, Fujiwara doesn't marry such a guy.

In Tang Qi's knowledge and cognition, genes support the basic structure and performance of life, and store all information about the race, blood type, pregnancy, growth, apoptosis and other processes of life.

"In the public's cognition, genes are the code of life. As long as these codes are deciphered, you can understand the mystery of life. But the real mystery is actually in the cells."

Fujiwara concluded confidently that she would not marry.

Looking at this expert who devoted himself to cell research, Tang Qi thought of another scientist, Fabre.

He spent his whole life only to study bugs, and talked about the bugs he was studying, and put the research object to his level of life: Someone once asked Fabre why he spent his whole life only to study bugs? Fabre lamented, "Life is so short, bugs are so long..."

Which one is the same as a bug or life? Is there no indescribable (number) in Fabre? He only sighed like this when he put the research object to the height of his life.

"Do you know? Actually, I envy you who are engaged in research in special fields, and you can do in-depth research."

Tang Qi, who was lying on the bed, raised his head with his right hand and looked at Fujiwara's not marrying, and said with envy:

"You do in-depth research and thorough research. The height of research cannot be easily compared to anyone. You are the leader and authority in this field of research, and have a say better than anyone. More importantly, the scientific research confidence established in this way cannot be shaken by anyone."

"No, no, no, you are so serious. When it comes to scientific research, I admire you theoretical physicists who have insight into the universe and life, look down on everything from the perspective of God, sum up everything, and understand everything. I can't do it."

Fujiwara's unmarried voiced the same:

"The human science and technology tree has developed to this day. Although it is not yet possible to fully understand the truth of the universe, the knowledge map is quite broad. Every discipline has developed to this day, systematically and pangbo; and the new disciplines developed under the new and old, which are complementary to each other; and there are also the interdisciplinary sciences that combine different disciplines. Oh my god, they are mutually understandable, breaking the original perspective and dissolving inertial thinking, which makes people overwhelmed. Natural disciplines are so numerous, with lush branches and leaves. The list of books is as dense as stars. The ocean of knowledge is really vast as smoke and clouds. Not to mention that you must be proficient in every subject, even if you have an in-depth understanding of each subject, you may not be able to achieve it in your lifetime. And these are the fields that you theoretical physicists must involve and all of them must achieve."

"This is exactly the shortcomings of theoretical physicists. It seems that they know everything, but in fact they only know a little bit of the bottom line."

Tang Qidao:

"The scientific community needs scientific researchers like you who specialize in. If all disciplines have scientists like you, then all research fields will be completely broken through and the human science and technology tree will reach a new height."

It’s not that Tang Qi had thought about the future of the human science and technology tree and its development direction. But no matter how you think about it, it is futile. A person’s life is so long, and even if you spend your whole life, you may not be able to study all the existing disciplines.

As for the current lifespan and intelligence level of human beings, the best way is to specialize in special projects - people study every discipline and every field thoroughly, and then form a giant wall of shoulders, allowing the few geniuses with extraordinary talents to step on and carry forward - collect and summarize all disciplines, and in turn promote the progress of the scientific cornerstone.

This is the "Giant Ladder" scientific and technological plan conceived by Tang Qi in the energy level desert, which leverages the cornerstone of science.

Note: Science and technology, that is, workers committed to scientific research, and ant workers of human science and technology trees.

"Physics is the leading discipline of natural science and the cornerstone of other disciplines. If physics cannot be developed, how can we make breakthroughs in other research fields? And theoretical physicists are the pioneers of physics and have a far-sighted vision..."

Fujiwara, who was also lying on the side of the bed, suddenly stopped when she said this, stared at Tang Qi in a daze, and suddenly burst into laughter:

"Where did we discuss just now? Why did we get to each other's hats as we chatted?"

Fujiwara's laughter of not marrying also stunned Tang Qizhi.

Tang Qi stretched out his other hand and touched his forehead:

"Well... When it comes to magical and great cells, you regard them as more important than biological genes, but you don't tell me how magical and great it is."

"Oh, you can't blame me for this."

Fujiwara doesn't marry, laughing:

"If you study the cells, you will get the same conclusion as me. The cells are really amazing and great."

Tang Qi looked at Fujiwara not marrying, as if he saw Fabre's shadow, so he asked curiously:

"How did you take the path of no return to cell research?"

"Speak up, don't laugh."

It was a bit strange and embarrassed to say if Fujiwara didn't marry:

"It was inspired by the fertilized egg."

Tang Qi listened with a serious look on his face, and at this time he had to put on a serious expression.

"A small fertilized egg can only be seen under a microscope, but it can develop a human with complete organs and complete functions. It felt so magical and incredible at that time! It was even more shocking than a seed visible to the naked eye, growing into a towering tree!"

Fujiwara's face that was not married was resurrected by his surprised expression.

"Then why don't you study human genes? Why do you study cells instead?"

Tang Qi was surprised:

"Isn't this magic that can only be brought by human genes?"

"As you said, I thought so at first. So I went to understand what human genes are."

After talking about this, Fujiwara Wakabata sat up from the bed:

"I believe in the public, even you, how mysterious and magical the human genes are. But after I contacted and understood them, I saw doubts and greater doubts - the human genes are more accurately called recording information. How can a complete organism be created based on a single recording information?"

???

When Tang Qi heard this, he immediately cheered up.

...It seems that Fujiwara's failure to marry seems to open up another unique perspective. Tang Qi stood up from the bed:

"After saying this, I began to wonder. After all, recording information is dead, so there is always an operator, right?"

"It's the cell! Cells are the ones that build organisms by brick and tile."

Fujiwara doesn't marry.

"But how to use bricks and tile to construct organisms, isn't it written all in biological genes? Cells are more like a factory and a worker. All the structural principles and construction techniques come from the information provided by biological DNA, and cells just do as they follow them. So, what's the magic of cells?"

"As you say that, then all the genetic information contained in biological DNA should remain unchanged throughout the long history of biological reproduction. How can we evolve?"

The words of Fujiwara not marrying made Tang Qi fall into thinking.

Indeed, biological DNA is just a kind of genetic information stored in the nucleus. If the cell is just a step-by-step mechanical worker and it follows DNA instructions, how can biological evolution say?

Genes have never changed, organisms have not evolved - they should remain unchanged and be consistent.

After all, genes are just a kind of genetic information, and there is only one process of transmitting information outward, namely the "DNA-Transcription-RNA-Translation-Protein" process. This process is irreversible (neither the transcription nor the translation process will affect and change the original genetic information), resulting in the genes never changed - according to inference, this should be the case.

Note: There are two situations when genetic information is transmitted outward, one is when DNA replication occurs, and the other is when cells are making proteins.

1. DNA replication is a process of 100% faithfully replicating oneself, so there is no possibility that DNA will be changed in the middle.

2. When a cell makes a protein, the "RNA polymerase" transcribes the DNA in the nucleus into RNA. The transcription process is equivalent to the transcription process, that is, copying a copy and transcribing it into RNA. This is an irreversible process and does not affect the original DNA information at all. How can we rewrite DNA?

But in fact, the genes of organisms will change, and species will evolve.

"So what you mean is that cells rewrite genes so that species can evolve?"

Tang Qidao.

“That’s exactly that.”

Fujiwara said:

"Did you find that all the transcription and translation of genes are done in cells, so the driving force behind evolution is mainly cells. Recently, gene experts have also discovered retrotransposons for RNA transcription to DNA in higher animals, so I'm sure this is what the cells do."

"Cells have the right to make decisions, right? They don't necessarily follow the instructions of DNA?"

Tang Qidao.

Fujiwara nodded and said:
Chapter completed!