Chapter 54 Dark Matter?
To be cautious, Yuan Shichen decided to verify it first.
Soon, Yuan Shichen skillfully arranged the corresponding chemical reagents and titrated and measured the iron element with the highest content in the sample.
"Sure enough, there is a problem. The iron content measured by the titration method and the spectral method are different. There must be some substances that cannot be measured by other spectral methods hidden in the sample." Yuan Shichen sighed in his heart.
"Everyone, please look at these sets of data." After reaching the conclusion, Yuan Shichen shared the data comparison chart with others while saying.
“Is there anything wrong with this data?”
"Didn't we have read these materials before?"
"Everyone, please compare the data measured by the spectrometer with the data of the last titration group." Yuan Shichen continued.
"Oh~ What era is it? Some people use titration to determine the components."
"Please look at the amount of chemical reagents used when determining iron elements." Yuan Shichen continued to add.
"It seems... the consumption is less than the measurement results of other groups, maybe it's just a test error."
"Yeah, this is indeed a bit unreasonable."
After all, the others are top scientists of the IEA (Interstellar Exploration Alliance), and they soon discovered the problem.
"We also used titration to measure the content of various elements. Perhaps there was indeed error in the previous data." With further comparison, Philip began to mutter, "Also, inform Andre and let him come and take a look."
In the following time, we began to conduct very tedious titration and determination work, and used chemical reactions to calculate the content of the corresponding elements.
After several repeated operations, everyone was surprised to find that the proportion of the content of several major elements determined by chemical methods is lower than that of spectroscopy.
After coming to the Super Laboratory, Andrei was surprised after repeatedly verifying and checking the experimental data of everyone, "We have always believed in the measurement results of spectrometers too much. The scientist from other research institutes used the titration method to measure the results more accurately."
At present, spectral testing instruments with different principles used in major laboratories around the world have become extremely intelligent after years of development. Scientists only need to prepare different samples. The spectral tester can automatically analyze the content of each element through spectral, but in theory, all we can determine is only the substances and elements we know.
"Maybe there are unknown substances in the sample, which makes it impossible to determine the spectral analysis. The total proportion of each element obtained by spectral analysis does not contain this part of unknown substances." Yuan Shichen said his guess.
"It makes sense, so the original titration method consumes less chemical reagents than expected." Andre nodded in agreement.
"If the data is reversed, at least 10% of the total mass of the substance remains. However, after chemical measurement and calculation, there is no obvious residual substance in the sample." Philip raised his own question.
"Is this substance of significant mass, but we can't observe it. Perhaps it is invisible?" Dulunik said in surprise.
"Invisible? Is it..."
"Dark matter!!! There may be some stable dark matter between the molecules of meteorite sample." An incredible answer appeared in everyone's mind.
"My God, if it is really a dark matter with a stable state, this is a huge scientific discovery." Even Andre couldn't help but exclaim.
Physics has been a leader in natural sciences for centuries.
The physics community particularly likes to use "dark clouds in the sky" to describe major problems that the scientific community has not solved.
In the 19th century, two dark clouds floated by the sky of physics, the Michaelson-Morey test and the blackbody radiation test. In the end, these two dark clouds were knocked out by a group of scientists represented by Einstein.
But the good times did not last long. At the end of the 20th century, a new dark cloud appeared in the sky of science, which made scientists around the world cringe.
This dark cloud is dark matter.
In the 20th century, scientists discovered that the universe was expanding continuously, and also discovered something called cosmic microwave background radiation. Based on this, scientists inferred the age, energy density and expansion speed of the universe.
Scientists have discovered that if there is no brand new particle whose gravitational effect is greater than that of known particles, then the universe will not evolve to what it is now.
Scientists call this unknown particle - dark matter.
Dark matter neither emits photons, does not absorb or scatters photons, nor does it even participate in electromagnetic activities. The scientific community can currently only induce its existence through the effects generated by gravity.
According to scientific calculations, dark matter dominated the formation of the universe structure. There is a large amount of dark matter in the universe, and this proportion may be as high as 95%. In other words, we can see that the observed matter, including all interstellar matter, star bodies, stars, clusters, nebula, quasars, galaxies, etc., only account for 5% of the total mass of the universe. Since we cannot observe the remaining matter, it has always existed in this vast universe in the form of "invisible".
The scientific community speculates that there may be three possibilities for us to not observe dark matter:
1. Dark matter is a celestial body that is too dark in the universe and is difficult to observe, such as black holes, brown dwarfs, etc.
2. The standard model of particle physics is wrong or very imperfect, missing a particle that makes up 95% of the matter.
3. The way gravity operates on a large scale in the universe is different from what we currently understand in the scientific community.
In fact, in the 21st century, the first possibility has been basically denied. Although dark celestial bodies cannot be seen, we can indirectly perceive their existence through gravitational lenses.
If it is confirmed that it is the second situation, the scientific community will have the opportunity to make major improvements to the standard model, which will have a profound impact on the development of particle physics and quantum physics.
If it is the third situation, it means that our understanding of gravity is wrong. That is to say, the general theory of relativity is wrong. This will even have a greater impact on physics than the second situation.
It can be said that the discovery of dark matter will be a major breakthrough opportunity for modern science.
In the early 2000s and 1930s, many scientists tried to simulate the Big Bang. Under the extremely deep underground, they carried out various accelerator and non-accelerator experiments to detect the signals emitted by collision between dark matter particles and ordinary matter particles, or indirectly detecting in the universe to find and discover dark matter, but they have never obtained the most direct evidence.
Therefore, if the special substance contained in the Neichen meteorite is confirmed as stable dark matter by IEA scientists, this discovery will definitely become a milestone in the development of science and technology in the 21st century.
............
IEA Pacific Base, in the No. 1 Super Laboratory of the Institute of Astrophysics.
At this time, Chris, the commander of the science team, Watt, the director of the Astrophysics Institute, Frank, the scientific research team leader of the special project team, and many other scientists from other research institutes that Naichen did not know gathered in the laboratory, and the expressions on everyone's faces were extremely excited.
"The black Baolu meteorite actually contains stable unknown substances!" Chris, the commander of the science team, looked through the research data of the Neichen meteorite in great surprise.
"We can now be sure that the meteorite contains about 10% of the mass of matter that our current technical equipment cannot directly observe." Frank added, "We believe that these unknown substances are likely to be dark matter that has never been verified."
"Haha~ This is how scientific research is. We unexpectedly made other discoveries while studying a specific topic." Commander Chris said with a smile.
"You did a good job! The nature of dark matter is still a mystery. Next, you must conduct research immediately to figure out the structural characteristics of dark matter and how they combine with meteorites." Dean Watt said appreciatively.
"In addition, while conducting research on dark matter in meteorites, you must continue to explore the problem of ancient life in meteorites, and there may be an important relationship between the two." Commander Chris continued to add.
"Come on, guys, I'm waiting for your good news!" After Dean Watt finished speaking, he nodded to Yuan Shichen with a smile.
Chapter completed!