Chapter 179: Both inside and outside [two in one](1/2)
In the spring of the fifth year of the Wei Dynasty, the Ministry of Works had built "Elementary National Schools" in thirty major counties across the country of Wei State, and built "Higher National Schools" in each county-level county, with a total of about thirty primary national schools and eleven higher national schools.
As a large county in Hedong County, Fenyin is also the county seat, so two schools were built in the city. After the construction of the craftsmen of the Ministry of Works was completed, they were handed over to Fenyin County.
Today, Hedong County is also full of talents. In terms of the army, there are Hedong Guard, Lintao Jun Wei Ji, and the former Sima An deputy general Pu Ban Wei Wenfeng. In the government office where people are managed, there are Kou Zheng, Liu Bingyi, Mu Ziyong, Shangyang and other civil servants, which makes Fenyin County, a county town that once suffered from war, now has a prosperous appearance.
Fenyin and the fief of King Huan Zhao Hongxuan, "Anyi", are currently the largest county with the most prosperous potential in Hedong County.
When the two schools were built in Fenyin City, Kou Zheng led his teacher "Shang Xun" to visit the two schools and told the teachers about the various policies of the court.
When he learned that these two schools were set up to teach the people of Hedong County for free, Shang Xun, who was over 70 years old, sincerely praised them with a cane, praising the wisdom of their Wei monarch Zhao Run and the benevolent government of the court. After all, in his opinion, running schools and educating people is a great event that will last forever!
"I don't know, this school teaches Confucianism or law?" Shang Xun asked curiously.
"Confucianism and Law are adopted together, supplemented by side." Kou Zheng respectfully answered the teacher's question: "And, the court will soon send books to teach, and ask us to teach students with these books."
"Oh?" Shangxun stroked his beard and thoughtful. After a while, he said, "When those books are delivered to Fenyin, remember to borrow some books for me."
He was very curious about what the "books published by the Ministry of Rites of the Court" in his disciple Kou Zheng's mouth looked like.
Of course, Kou Zheng would not refuse the teacher's request and responded respectfully.
About ten days later, the carriage delivering books arrived at Fenyin County along the road and delivered the entire carriage to the books published by the Ministry of Justice.
On that day, Fenyin Order Kou Zheng came to the teacher's home with several textbooks for primary national schools and respectfully handed it to the teacher.
Shangxun sat on a chair with a cane, examining the books placed on the table.
There are four books on the left, namely "Hundred Family Names", "Enjoyment", "Anecdote", and "Arithmetic". According to Kou Zheng, they are textbooks for primary national schools.
On the right side of the table, there are several books, namely "Theory of Law", "Mo Yan", "Yin and Yang Studies", "Faith Law", "Ming Tao", "Confucianism", "Treatise on Febrile Diseases", "Zongheng Theory", "Material Herbal Medicine", "Geology Theory", etc., which are the textbooks for higher education institutions.
Compared with the four books "Hundred Family Names", the last nine books can be guessed that they are profound academics by looking at the names of them.
But Shang Xun's first book is still "Hundred Family Names".
He held up the book with both hands, carefully examined the square three words "Hundred Family Names" on the book cover, frowned and said, "Isn't this like a handwritten script by someone. Could it be the method of "printing" you mentioned before?"
"Yes, teacher." Kou Zheng replied respectfully: "The court has mastered a technique that can copy books with equipment. As far as students know, one thousand books can be copied within ten days."
"Oh?" Shangxun frowned slightly, then looked at the book in his hand and murmured to himself: "Blessings? Misfortune?"
As if he had guessed the thoughts in the teacher's mind, Kou Zheng smiled and said, "Don't worry, this craft is currently mastered by the Ministry of Rites of the Court. Unless your Majesty or the Ministry of Rites approves, others will never use such crafts to make books flood."
Shangxun was stunned for a moment, then he laughed at himself: "Haha, it's me that I'm worried about... Yes, what I want, how could that wise king and the great sage in the court not have thought of?"
After saying that, his worries disappeared. He opened the pages and carefully read the book "Hundred Family Surnames" in his hand: "Zhao Qian, Sun, Li, Zhou, Wu, Zheng Wang... Haha, it is really as easy to understand as the rumors."
Kou Zhengbang was about to explain, but he saw Shang Xun nodding and said, "But as a book that teaches children to recognize words, this is enough. The only drawback is that this book only records the surnames of the world, which is not enough to cover daily needs. I hope the court can improve it in the future..."
After saying that, he put down the "Hundred Family Names" and picked up "Enjoyment".
The first article of "Enjoyment" is "Raise the Chicken", which tells the dialogue between former Song Dynasty doctors and Mencius.
The general meaning of the article is:
Doctor Song State said to Mencius: "The tax rate is 10, and the taxes on the checkpoints and markets are exempted. This year, it is not possible. Reduce it first and wait until next year and then implement it. How about?" Mencius said: "Now there is a person who steals a chicken from his neighbor's house every day. Someone advised him: 'This is not the way for a person with noble character. He said: 'Please allow me to reduce the number of times I steal a chicken, steal a chicken every month, and stop until the second year. If I know that this is immoral, stop quickly. Why wait for the next year?"
At the end of this article, the book teaches: You must correct mistakes in a timely manner, and you must not deliberately delay or make a mistake knowingly; the same is true for doing knowledge, and what you can do today should not be delayed until tomorrow.
"Is this... Mencius?"
Shangxun's face showed a little surprise, but more of it was a surprise, as if he had seen something new that interested him.
He couldn't wait to read the whole article briefly, and saw that in this book "Fun Fu", most of which tell the classic remarks of Confucian sages, explaining the truth with vivid stories, encouraging people to learn well and encourage people to be good.
Although the full text is very shallow, it is far less profound than the extracted "Mencius" and even there are many annotations in the full text, it is in line with that sentence, but the simple meaning is not shallow.
"Good book!"
Shangxun slapped the table and said with a smile.
He was originally worried about the textbooks and books compiled by the court, for fear that the court would mislead their children. But at present, the court knew better than him how to educate children, and he was completely worried about it.
In the third book, he picked up the book "Yitan", carefully read the first article "Hundred Sheep Destroy the Enemies", and nodded suddenly: "It turns out to be a novelist's book... Um, so that's it. I never thought that this novelist actually has such an effect. Hahaha..."
After reading a few articles, he put down "Anecdote", after all, he was not very interested in these exaggerated anecdotes of celebrities.
Then, he picked up "Mathematical".
At this time, Kou Zhenglan said, "Teacher, I heard that this book of "Arithmetic" was written by an unknown person in the past, and has since been recorded by miscellaneous artists. This time, miscellaneous artists were presented to Your Majesty, and his Majesty personally revised and supplemented. The court clearly stated in the official document that the national primary schools must teach arithmetic. Even the Ministry of Rites also revealed that future examinations will also increase the proportion of arithmetic in the test papers accordingly..."
While watching "Mathematical", Shangxun nodded and said, "Far-sighted, that young Majesty is really far-sighted!"
As he said that, he put down his "Arithmetic" and turned his attention to the textbooks of higher education schools on the table.
Since it is a textbook for higher education schools, the academic contents described in the text are naturally much more profound than those of primary education schools. He can understand "Theory of Law", "Mo Yan", "Confucianism", "Material Herbal Medicine", and "Geology", but he can hardly understand "Ming Tao", "Yin and Yang Studies", and "Treatise on Febrile Diseases".
He couldn't understand the "Farewell" in it at all. He really didn't know what famous scholars were talking about, such as "the greatest is not outside, it is called the first one; the smallest is not inside, it is called the second one", "the heaven and the earth are low, the mountains are flat", etc., and there are still "the theory of firm whiteness" and "the theory of white horses".
I have to say that Shang Xun has read this book for the longest time, but he has gained nothing. In the end, he can only shake his head awkwardly and make fun of himself, making fun of his qualifications, but he really cannot understand the books of famous artists.
But it is no wonder that in fact, this book "Famous Masters" may not be understood by many people throughout the Wei Kingdom.
But it is undeniable that all those who have mastered the knowledge are talented and eloquent.
"OK."
Touching these precious classics of various academic theories, Shang Xun couldn't help but look at Kou Zheng, feeling a little moved, and couldn't help but say: "Your Majesty has broadened the path of learning for the common people. This move is indeed a success and a success!"
Kou Zhengshen nodded with experience.
After all, he was also a civilian. If it weren't for the knowledgeable clan of Shangxun, who had not accepted him as a student and taught him his studies, how could he have the opportunity to get to know the knowledge and finally make an official career through the exam?
If he hadn't met Shang Xun, perhaps he, Kou Zheng, was farming in the fields or chopping wood on the mountain to make a living.
In this era, it is really difficult for ordinary people to get to know knowledge.
At this time, Shangxun stood up, patted Kou Zheng's arm, and said earnestly: "Your Majesty is wise, and you will be the best for thousands of years and the foundation for all ages. As the Fenyin Order, remember not to slack off or neglect."
"Students remember." Kou Zheng bowed and bowed.
The next day, Kou Zheng recruited young children in Fenyin Guang. Although the court recommended that children aged eight to twelve, this was just a suggestion and was not an absolute standard. In fact, as long as he was interested in learning, he would still recruit junior colleges even if he was over fifteen or sixteen.
For another higher education school, the admission standards are much stricter.
The court clearly stipulated that only students who passed the provincial examination and county examination were eligible to enroll in higher education institutions within the county.
In addition, the court also changed the method of examination and examination: unless someone recommends it, only students who enter higher education institutions are eligible to take the examination and examination. The reason why the recommendation system is retained is to appease the nobles and aristocratic families and give these privileged children some special treatment.
Speaking of which, the reform of the examination examination made the students who were preparing to take the examination examination dissatisfied.
After all, in previous years, they only had to pass the county examination to get the opportunity to go to the royal capital to participate in the imperial examination. However, this year the court changed the system and required these young students to study in higher schools in their respective counties and learn knowledge.
Originally, these students disagree very much. After all, they are all the best in each county and think they have achieved some success in their studies. But when they arrive at higher schools in various counties with dissatisfaction, they see the books such as "Theory of Law", "Mo Yan", "Yin and Yang Studies", "Faith Law", "Military Law", "Confucianism", "Treatise on Febrile Diseases", "Zongheng Theory", "Theory of Materia Medica", "Geology Theory", etc., they realized that they were just frogs in the well.
According to the requirements of the court, the four books "Confucianism", "Theory of Law", "Mo Yan" and "Military Tao" are compulsory subjects, and the other subjects are electives. Therefore, the children of the Legalists could only pinch their noses to read Confucianism, and Confucian disciples could also forcibly suppress their dissatisfaction and read "Theory of Law" and "Mo Yan".
On this basis, the students also chose some minor subjects, including novelists who are purely used as extracurricular reading materials, as well as advanced "Yin and Yang Theory", "Treatise on Febrile Diseases", "Zongheng Theory", etc. As for the books "Material Herbal Medicine", "Geology Theory", and "Treatise on Febrile Diseases", the students selected are relatively small, but they are not missing.
The least is the famous "Fathers" of famous artists. Firstly, the famous artists have become famous since they were called "sophist" and secondly, the theories and principles described in the book are really not something that ordinary people can understand. Only those students with talented and strong logical abilities can understand the theories of famous artists. Otherwise, just the words in the book will easily make people dizzy.
By May and June, except for Hetao and Hexi and other border counties that have not yet fully implemented school students, many students have already been admitted to the other counties, whether in primary schools or higher schools. As for the teachers who teach these students, some are recruited from the local area by the local county magistrates, and some are stationed by the imperial court.
It cannot be denied that due to the first attempt of this teaching model, problems will inevitably arise during this period. For example, students from Confucian and Legal families protested against the court forcing them to learn each other's theory of learning. Some teachers could not keep up with the teaching, and may know that they were not as fast as those self-study students. However, given the strength of King Zhao Run of Wei and the court, these complaints and complaints were suppressed.
The court made it very clear: Unless you give up the exam, the four subjects of Confucianism, Law, Military, and Mohism are compulsory courses, and the future provincial examinations, county examinations, ministerial examinations, etc. will also issue test questions around these four academic subjects.
At this time, the children of various schools finally understood the true meaning of "main practice" and "minor practice". Moreover, the four schools of Confucianism, Law, Military and Mo are very grateful that their school has gained a place. This is simply that the court is expanding their momentum for them!
Although the eight academics who are minors envy the status of the four schools of Confucianism, Law, Military and Mo, they are quite satisfied with their school being able to gain a minor.
For example, famous artists have been criticized for being "sophist" for being accused of "sophistry". It is really difficult to recruit any students.
The doctors, Yin-Yang schools, etc. are simply small academic schools compared with the Confucian, Legal and Mohism schools. If there is no support from the Wei court, I really don’t know when it will flourish.
As for the most fortunate thing, the novelist is the one who is the one who is the one who is most grateful.
"Yitan" written by the novelist is the only book that is not limited to a national school. With the instruction of King Zhao Run of Wei and the acquiescence of the court, the novelist's "Yitan" was widely printed by the Ministry of Rites and sold in various places.
In addition, the price was cheap, so this book "Yitan" quickly spread throughout the Wei Kingdom and became a book for many people of all walks of life to pass their time.
Although many people still look down on this kind of book, it cannot be denied that the nobles bought this book, the common people also bought this book, and even the generals of the army found ways to get this book.
It is said that when Sima An, the guard of Hexi, saw the allusion of "Hundred Sheep Destroying the Enemy" based on him in the book, the general, who had always been gloomy and steady, couldn't help laughing in front of his soldiers and generals, and was praised as a "rare wonder" by the soldiers and generals of the Hexi Army.
Similarly, such as Hedong Guard, Lintao Jun Wei Ji, Shangdang Guard, Jiang Bi, Henei Guard, Zhao Jiang, King Yan Wang, Wu Ji of Shang Shui Army, Qu Jun of Yanling Army, Shao Hu of Wei Wu Army, Long Ji of Wei Wu Army, etc., are all famous throughout the Wei Kingdom because of this book "Yitan". Many Wei people who were not familiar with these generals in their country were familiar with these generals from this book. Through this book, they were familiar with these generals from now on.
Even some good people, when they were idle, couldn't help but discuss the topic of "who is more brave" and were very interested in arguing, and in disguise, they once again expanded the popularity of Wei generals such as Sima An.
It is no exaggeration to say that although this book "Yitan" is looked down upon by many literati, it cannot be denied that it is actually the most successful one.
The Ministry of Rites charged part of the money for publishing "Yitan" and sold to various places, and handed over the rest to Zhou Chu, the leader of the novelist.
Looking at the boxes of Wei's gold and round coins, Zhou Chu and the disciples of other novelists widened their eyes in disbelief.
They had never thought before that their novelists would have a proud day one day.
Seeing that these novelists seemed to be shocked by the money, Du You, the Minister of Rites, went to personally, secretly praised the foresight of King Zhao Run of Wei, while reminding Zhou Chu and others to hope that they would not forget their original intentions, continue to work hard, and write their next work.
In addition, Du You also told Zhou Chu and others that there was no need to repeat the response to "Yitan" in the domestic market. In this era of lack of entertainment, such an interesting book suddenly appeared, which would of course immediately become popular across the country.
"Don't worry, Lord Shangshu, please rest assured!"
After receiving Du You's reminder, Zhou Chu and others immediately calmed down and sweared to say that they would never lose their ambitions because of money.
To be continued...