"According to this picture, the barrel diameter is fixed at thirteen millimeters, which is the distance between the positive and negative lines. The diameter of the bullet is one millimeter smaller, with a positive and negative error of half a millimeter. If you cast it with a metal mold, use lead first, and then try the ratio of lead-zinc alloy later." If you cannot improve the production process of the gun, Hong Tao turned to the second best and had to start on the bullet. Since there is rifling, spherical bullets are not suitable. Round-headed bullets have a better aerodynamic shape than spherical bullets and are more suitable for rotating flight. It is of great help to stabilize the ballistics, increase range and accuracy.

The mold drawn by Hong Tao is the mold for making air gun bullets in later generations, or Minnie bullets. People who have played with guns will do this, and it is not troublesome to make it. The only difficult thing is the ratio of lead-zinc alloy. It cannot be too hard, as it will damage the rifle and speed up the scrapping time of the barrel; it cannot be too soft, as it will easily hang the barrel if it is too soft, leaving the broken lead bullet in the barrel, affecting the loading speed. However, Qi Zu does not have a ready-made alloy ratio at hand, so Hong Tao can only choose to use lead to make the bullet first. Just hang it. It is better to apply some whale oil on the bullet, and then replace it with a more suitable alloy after testing.

The principle of Minnie bullet is easy to understand. The air gun bullets in later generations were standard Minnie bullets. This thing originated from the blow pipe used by indigenous peoples. In order to increase the chamber pressure of the blow pipe, the indigenous people used cork to make a groove plug in the tail of the dart. When the plug was impacted by high-speed airflow, it would swell, sealing the blow pipe and increasing the chamber pressure of the blow pipe, so that the dart would shoot farther and more accurately.

This simple principle is even more convenient to use on bullets. You don’t need to use corks. You can cast the bullet in a steel mold with lead water to form a bullet shape. Add two grooves to the bullet body to apply grease and reduce the friction area with the rifle. Then use a punch to punch out a circular hole at the tail of the bullet. When the airflow of the launcher hits the circular hole, the tail of the bullet will swell, sealing the gap in the barrel, which not only increases the pressure of the barrel, but also bites the rifle. Forcing the bullet to rotate and shoot along the rifle, killing three birds with one stone.

Four hundred meters! After using Minnie bullets, the effective range of the front-mounted rifle rifle is directly doubled, and the shooting accuracy of the humanoid target can reach 30% outside 40 meters. If there is optical aiming equipment, the accuracy can be improved a lot. The main reason for inaccurate shooting is not that the gun is bad, but that the target cannot be seen clearly. If the shooting distance is shortened to within 300 meters, the accuracy will be increased exponentially. The effective range of the pistol has also increased to more than 30 meters, but in fact, it is still powerful beyond fifty meters. Whether it can be hit depends on the shooter's skill, after all, it is more difficult to aim with a pistol.

In addition to the significant increase in range and accuracy, the loading speed after using Minnie bullets is also doubled. Hong Tao, a two-knife shooter, can easily reach the level of three rounds per minute. This is entirely due to the fact that the Minnie bullet's caliber is slightly smaller than the barrel, and there is no need to wrap the leather and smash it into the barrel with a hammer. Just dip the bullet into the solid whale oil and let the grooves of the bullet be covered with grease, and you can stuff it directly into the barrel. Take the bar and poke it all. With the adhesion of these grease, even if the muzzle is down, the bullet will not fall out.

"In the future, let's apply wax on the bullet body. If you have to get a hand and a body of oil, it will be too dirty, which will seriously affect the appearance of our army!" Hong Tao was still a little dissatisfied with the complete satisfaction of the ancestors of Qi.

A gun is a good gun and is very convenient to use, but it always flows black oil out of the barrel, and rubs it around if you are not careful, which makes it very awkward. This problem is not difficult to solve. You only need to put the finished lead bullet, paraffin and graphite balls together when making bullets in large quantities. It is also much cleaner when coating the bullet with a layer of wax.

"Make more rifles, the manufacturing of pistols must be carried out under the supervision of the Interior Bureau. Each pistol must be strictly registered!" With the front-mounted rifle, sailors and marines on the ship can give up the crossbow and change to equip rifles. However, while Hong Tao manufactured rifles on a large scale, he put forward higher requirements for gun management. The rifle only needs to have a production number and know when and where it was produced, but the production and use of pistols need to be strictly controlled.

Hong Tao was afraid of death. This weapon would sooner or later, and the rifle was better. It was one meter and four meters long. It was not very convenient to carry it. But the pistol was different. You could just hide it in your clothes and even put it in your sleeves. If anyone was not satisfied with him, and he would give it a little while to get close to him. Any skill would be useless if he had such a large caliber soft lead bullet, no matter where he hit his body, it would be impossible to die. It was directly a hole the size of a bowl.

However, the Imperial Navy could not wait to change into a new flintlock rifle. In early May 1240, the Imperial fleet stationed in Mingzhou sent an alarm, and the Mongolian navy was gathering on a large scale at Dengzhou Port. Their number of warships had exceeded 300, and it was still increasing. Almost every day, there were fleets coming from northern Korea, most of which were new ships. At the same time, Cixi's Supervision Department also sent similar information from Guangzhou. The Mongolian Empire was gathering forces and supplies from all directions of the Shandong Peninsula. At the same time, there was also a force north of Xiangyang, which was active, and it was likely to launch an attack on Xiangyang.

"It seems that we have overlooked another place. The Mongolian senior executives are very smart. They not only built ships in Dengzhou, Mizhou and Jinzhou, but also larger shipyards are probably in the north of Goryeo. They successfully attracted our attention by this method. As a result, they built a plank road openly and secretly went to Chencang, and secretly rioted the warships to attack the Song Dynasty court. This time they probably had to go forward together by land and land. They first used land troops to involve the attention of Song Dynasty, and then suddenly landed from south of the Yangtze River with maritime power."

"Old Confucius, our enemy is very smart and bold. Isn't it a bit of a desperate gamble and do it in one battle?" Hong Tao really admired the decision-making level of the Mongolian Empire. They had a very advanced mindset and did not limit the navy to the competition for sea control. They actually had to carry out a large-scale landing war. And they had a strong execution ability. They would do it after thinking about it, without delaying for a minute. From this point of view, the Song Dynasty court was far from that. The pro-war faction had the advantage, and the pro-spouse came up again. It was not finished without tossing a few times a year. But the decision was not made. Apart from strengthening the cities along the Yangtze River with cement, it seemed that there was no idea.

"I just don't know where their landing is. If they can attack the army of the Song Dynasty's imperial court on land and land when they land, they will not be able to go back." Kong Pei was thinking more specifically, and he was thinking about how to achieve greater victory.

"Don't, don't expect the Song army to stand against the Mongolian army in the plains. This is impossible. As long as there are a few ships of Mongolian cavalry on the shore, they will definitely want to run into the city. At that time, even if we eliminate all the Mongolian navy at the beach, it will be useless. Tens of thousands of Mongolian troops will be on the shore, and in the prosperous plains in the south of the Yangtze River, the supply can be completed by fighting alone. Once they are allowed to break into the inland, our ships and cannons will be noisy.

If you don't care about it, at most you rely on a few rivers to defend Guangzhou, Mingzhou, and Lin'an. If the south is completely destroyed, it would be useless to just guard these cities. At that time, the Song Dynasty court will definitely transfer all the troops in its hands to guard the old nest, and the Yangtze River defense line will be given in vain." Hong Tao thought more comprehensively. He had a much deeper understanding of the Song army and the court's urinary nature than Kong Pei. Although Kong Pei had really contacted the Southern Song army, he still couldn't see through their nature.

"Your Majesty means we intercept the Mongolian Navy's fleet in the middle? But with less than twenty ships, we may not be able to stop them? If the Mongolian Navy continues to move south regardless of casualties, we will be more passive. Although their guns are far different in range and accuracy, they will be difficult to deal with when there are more numbers." Kong Pei was afraid that Hong Tao would take the fleet into the Mongolian Navy's fleet and fight to the death. Facing hundreds of warships equipped with artillery, no matter how good the Imperial Navy's ships are or how powerful the cannons are, they dare not say that they are unscathed. Such a large caliber solid bullet will be enough to hit one or two.

"How Mongolian cavalry fights on the shore, our fleet will fight in the sea. This is called using the way of others to control others. It doesn't matter how many ships they have, we have the advantage in range, we can grind them around. A large fleet of hundreds of ships cannot be all together, right? How to command and how to coordinate and unify is a big problem. They will definitely be divided into several squadrons, so we will start eating from their vanguard fleet, and eat one after another. As long as their fleet is disrupted and shocked, the remaining ships will be handed over to the Dasong Navy."

"They don't have the courage to go to the Mongolian navy to fight on the sea. Are they not capable of defending the coast? If they don't even care about their own homes, then we can't do anything. Lao Wen, go to Lin'an again and explain the current situation to Zheng Qingzhi. The royal fleet will arrive in Mingzhou before the end of the month, and I hope to see him at that time." Hong Tao had no foolproof way to solve too many warships at one time. If it was a pure naval battle, the Imperial Navy could kill them any warships. But this time the Mongolian navy obviously wanted to carry out a landing battle, so this thing could not be stopped. It also required the cooperation of the Southern Song navy.

"Your Majesty will command it yourself this time?" Wen Nan had no say in the naval battle, but he was very concerned about who commanded the naval battle.

"This is a national war. It's not enough to win, but we must try to minimize our losses. If you can find someone who knows the naval war better than me, then I'll let the wise." Hong Tao knew what Wen Nan wanted to say. Not only him, but many people in Jinhewan also thought that the emperor should stay in the palace and it would be better not to go anywhere.
Chapter completed!