The Spaniards themselves have no industry and do not have much demand for raw materials themselves, especially when these raw materials are to be shipped back to Europe, it may not be so cost-effective.&1t;/p>

If the Ming ships could be transported directly to South America for trade, then the Ming Dynasty would be shipped with various commodities, so it would be impossible to just transport some precious metals back when leaving, right? So the raw materials from South America can be transported back. Even if there are not so many raw materials in South America to transport them back, the raw materials produced by the Ming Dynasty on the west coast of North America can also be transported back.&1t;/p>

The most important thing is that trading with the Spanish will make the Pacific route prosperous and will help promote the development of colonies on the West Coast of North America. At that time, industrial products can even be produced directly on the West Coast of North America and sold to the Spanish.&1t;/p>

The Ming Dynasty's foreign colonial system is different from the Spanish and the British. The Ming Dynasty's foreign colonial system will be dominated by state-owned capital, limiting the influence of private capital in the colony, and thus not afraid of the colony's development to the extent of self-sufficiency. Moreover, under the model dominated by state-owned capital, some core industries of the colony are restricted and must rely on the local area.&1t;/p>

For example, steam engines are manufactured, and the steam engines in the colonies will be exported from the local area.&1t;/p>

As long as the private capital is not allowed to grow in the colony, there will be no driving force for independence. In addition, the colony's army is sent from the local area, and the soldiers' families are all in the local area. It is impossible to be controlled by independent members of overseas colonies. Even if independent forces appear, they can be suppressed.&1t;/p>

Under such a system, the Ming Dynasty was not afraid of overseas colonies. The model adopted by the Ming Dynasty in overseas colonies was completely different from the plundering model in Spain. In the Spanish colonies, except for the old rich man on the plantation, they were slaves and indigenous, so the system established did not guarantee personal property. Even if there were indigenous people in the overseas colonies of the Ming Dynasty, they also guaranteed personal property. Even the lowest-level contract workers had certain personal property.&1t;/p>

Therefore, the Spanish colonies are difficult to expand economically, while the Ming colonies' economy can be expanded. Once the economy develops, the profits become very high. Because the economy is developed, various resources will be valuable.&1t;/p>

The difference in colonial models between the two sides means that reopening trade between the two sides is beneficial to both sides. In particular, the Ming Dynasty took the initiative to come to the Americas for trade. It is also an important step for the Ming Dynasty to take the ocean trade.&1t;/p>

The Spanish Governor to Mexico then went to negotiate in person. The two sides hit it off when they were in love, and Spain no longer restricted the import of Chinese goods.&1t;/p>

In the past, Spain and Portugal have formulated a consensus, that is, to restrain imported Chinese goods and avoid the large outflow of precious metals. Or to only buy some light industrial goods and luxury goods that cannot be used for war. At the same time, to avoid buying too much, causing the profits of trafficking to Europe to decline.&1t;/p>

After all, the European market is so big. Too many Chinese commodities pour into Europe will cause market prices to decline, and thus lower profits.&1t;/p>

It is different now. The Ming Dynasty can also export heavy industrial commodities and military products. In particular, military products are very good and are very popular among Europeans. They can also export large quantities of steel and steel products.&1t;/p>

In this case, the Spaniards only need to import these goods from the Ming Dynasty, and there is no need to buy lower-level European goods.&1t;/p>

As for the life or death of other European countries, this is not a matter of Spain at all. If other countries can weaken due to the setbacks in industrial exhibitions, then Spain is willing to see them. Of course, the Spanish in this era did not have such a clear awareness. Europeans have not strong abilities to estimate the consequences of emerging things, but they have a relatively strong ability to summarize the things they have lived.&1t;/p>

Europeans in this day and age have not yet realized the powerful role of industry, and do not know that industry has extremely powerful potential and can continuously improve the strength of a country.&1t;/p>

After all, the industry in this era is very low-level, and there is no saying of embargo. As long as you have money, what can’t be bought?&1t;/p>

This is indeed the case for European countries. In the era when the steam battleship first came out, as long as they had money, they could buy it no matter what country.&1t;/p>

However, such rules are not applicable to the current Ming Dynasty. At this time, the Ming Dynasty is not for sale for advanced products.&1t;/p>

Of course, Europeans didn't know what industrial products were against the will of the Ming Dynasty at this time. Many of the Ming Dynasty's products were very advanced in the eyes of Europeans.&1t;/p>

The two sides set the trade location in Central America, and the Ming Dynasty transported the goods to the west coast of Central America. Then the Spanish transported them to the east coast by mules and horses to carry them on board, and finally shipped back to Europe.&1t;/p>

The Panama Canal has not been dug yet, and the Pacific Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean are still not open to navigation. You can only travel from the Drake Strait and the Magellan Strait in southern South America to travel to the east and west coasts of America. It is very inconvenient to take a long circle.&1t;/p>

However, under such circumstances, the Ming Dynasty colonized the West Coast of the Americas and basically had no power to threaten the West Coast of the Ming Dynasty.&1t;/p>

Compared with South America, where gold and silver are everywhere, North America is indeed a bit unlucky at this time. European colonists are a little reluctant to look down on such places.&1t;/p>

For Europeans, agricultural land is still everywhere, and it is not rare at all!&1t;/p>

But in the eyes of Europeans, this land that birds do not shit. At this time, Zhu Youxiao looked at it, that is the Feng Shui treasure land, a land that can make the Ming Dynasty stronger.&1t;/p>

As long as it is 6 places, there are very few useless.&1t;/p>

This means that as long as there are enough resources, it can support more people.&1t;/p>

After the fleet led by Zhang Ning came to the west coast of America, it perfectly completed the task assigned by Zhu Youxiao. After the negotiations with the Spaniards, Zhang Ning sent a ship back to the local area and reported the route and situation.&1t;/p>

When I returned to the Ming Dynasty, it was already the second half of the ninth year of the Apocalypse.&1t;/p>

…&1t;/p>

In the ninth year of the Apocalypse, there were still natural disasters in the north. After a year of drought, it started to drought again. Henan suffered another locust plague.&1t;/p>

There was a flood in the south this summer.&1t;/p>

Zhu Youxiao is like a firefighter, constantly commanding various departments to carry out rescue and disaster relief. The court's relief continued to go out, finally stabilizing the situation, leaving no famine in every affected area of ​​the Ming Dynasty, and ensuring the basic right to survival of the people.&1t;/p>

However, the only benefit of being affected is that you have obtained enough immigrant population.&1t;/p>

Many people have nothing to do after being affected by the disaster, so they simply choose to immigrate. Some immigrate to the whole village, some immigrate to the family, and even relatives and friends immigrate together, but there is no pain of separation. More people are immigrating in one family. They are forced to do nothing.&1t;/p>

The shipbuilding industry exhibition in the Ming Dynasty in the ninth year of the Apocalypse was very rapid, and the 2ooo ton merchant ships that could be launched throughout the year increased to 12oo.&1t;/p>

The shipyard was built from the north to Nanyang.&1t;/p>

The Dalian Shipyard in Liaodong, the Tianjin Shipyard in Northern Zhili, and the Jiaozhou Bay Shipyard in Shandong. There are also the Fuzhou Shipyard in Fujian, the Tainan Shipyard in Taiwan, the Manila Shipyard in Luzon, and the Batavia Shipyard in Jawa Island.&1t;/p>

Manila Shipyard and Batavia Shipyard are the foundation left by the Spanish and Dutch people. At the same time, a new shipyard is being established in Malacca, and a new shipyard is also being built in Dandong, Liaodong.&1t;/p>

The distribution of these shipyards is getting closer and closer to the timber production area. The tonnage of ships built is getting bigger and bigger. Of course, in addition to manufacturing large ships, ships such as fishing boats are also being built in large quantities.&1t;/p>

At this time, the overseas opening scale of the Ming Dynasty was getting bigger and bigger, which meant that local coastal trade became more and more prosperous, and the demand for ships grew very fast.&1t;/p>

This year, the fleet sent to America sent back news in the second half of the year, successfully opening up trade routes with the Spaniards, and the demand for ocean-going merchant ships increased again.&1t;/p>

Shipbuilding technicians have become one of the most popular industries. Various shipyards have adopted the method of point-to-face training, and the technical college has also trained shipbuilding technicians in large quantities.&1t;/p>

The tonnage of wooden sailboats is also increasing. The 25oo-ton merchant ship has started construction and can be launched and sailed at the end of the year.&1t;/p>

As long as every shipbuilder can make contributions to technological improvement, he can receive a generous reward. As a result of the hard thinking of a large number of shipbuilding technicians, a large number of new technologies continue to emerge. These technologies have been promoted by state-owned capital consortiums and have quickly become popular in various shipyards.&1t;/p>

There is no shortage of shipbuilding materials now. The teak resources in the Nanyang and Indochina Peninsula are rich, and there are also many hardwoods in the Northeast.&1t;/p>

This allows the Ming Dynasty ships to be built very strongly, especially the local sailing ship type, which has greatly improved its sturdyness. In addition, there are watertight compartments, which have greatly improved its navigation safety. Of course, traditional ships have watertight compartments. It is impossible for traditional ships to be as strong as European ship types, because the space is so large.&1t;/p>

At this time, high-pressure steam engines have appeared, telegrams have also appeared, and power technology is also making rapid progress. With Zhu Youjia's mathematics, physics and chemistry textbooks, the breakthrough of power technology is extremely simple. Train technology is under development, and Zhu Youjia decided to set up a steamship research project.&1t;/p>

With the emergence of steam engines, commodities were manufactured in large quantities. At this time, state-owned capital and private businessmen in the new policy areas had higher demand for transportation.&1t;/p>

Commodities have increased and the cost has decreased, which means that commodities that did not have ocean trade value in the past have now become more valuable, such as some commodities with larger weight and lower value. However, the ocean trade value of these commodities is still limited by transportation scale and cost.&1t;/p>

Although the transportation cost of sailboats is not too high, the efficiency is a bit poor.&1t;/p>

In the ninth year of the Apocalypse, state-owned capital is continuing to digest and build the northern market, and capital is still operating in the northern market.&1t;/p>

The construction scale of various provinces continues to expand, and land enclosure movement continues, and more agricultural populations leave the land and become workers.&1t;/p>

The construction activities are mainly water conservancy construction, highway construction and telegraph system construction, as well as urbanization facilities construction. There are large-scale construction construction everywhere in the north, and a large amount of labor is used in construction.&1t;/p>

However, there is still some guarantee in grain production. In the ninth year of the Tianqi period, the output of commercial grain in the Northeast region further increased. The scale of commercial grain output in Taiwan, Nanyang and Indochina Peninsula has also been larger. The fishing scale of fishing industries in Zhendong Province and coastal provinces has been further increased due to the improvement of fishing boats and fishing gear.&1t;/p>

Supported by a large amount of commercial grain, construction activities in the north have been guaranteed.&1t;/p>

It is only perhaps the largest construction activity in Chinese history. Many literati nowadays saw such a scene in northern provinces and lamented that this scene was unprecedented in China. It can support such a huge construction activity entirely through the new resources obtained by the desire to expand externally and the exhibition of marine trade.&1t;/p>

The situation in the Indochina Peninsula further stabilized, and the unemployed population in the Annan region was effectively resettled by the Ming Dynasty.&1t;/p>

The unemployed people in Annan were arranged to reclaim land in Khmer, Champa, and Siam. In order to open up these resources, Ming Capital was recruiting workers everywhere, and had the strength to never starve to death.&1t;/p>

In the ninth year of the revelation, the Ming Dynasty's goods further advanced into the Indochina Peninsula. The handicrafts in Annan, Khmer, Chameng, Siam and Myanmar were further impacted. With the increase in the scale of commodity grain exports in these countries, the Ming Dynasty's trade scale in the Indochina Peninsula was further expanded.&1t;/p>

The Ming Dynasty used high-value-added goods to exchange for zero-value-added food, and low-priced food, and transporting it back to the local area would be huge profits.&1t;/p>

In various parts of the Southeast Asian region, the scale of exploitation of the indigenous peoples by the Ming Dynasty further expanded. The waves of resistance of the indigenous people in the Southeast Asian region were also wave after wave, but they were all brutally suppressed by the Ming Dynasty. The rebels suppressed, and the obedients were included in the third-grade and nine-class system and arranged to work in the plantation. [$].org&1t;/p>

The opening mode of the Ming Dynasty in Nanyang was also very simple, that is, first enclose land, set an island as the opening target, and then the army went to the island to sweep the indigenous tribes. Those who were willing to surrender were arranged to work in the plantation, those who were unwilling to obey were beaten until they were subdued, and the rebellious men shot dead, and the remaining women and children were also laborers, and the plantation welcomed them.&1t;/p>

Nowadays, plantations that can use indigenous labor are basically state-owned capital consortiums, while private capital and individual planters rely on immigration to produce. The labor costs are relatively high, so there are not many employment phenomena. They mostly exist in the model of family plantations and their own family produce labor.&1t;/p>

However, this kind of family plantation has many immigrants. They have a world where they can fight for themselves, and the imperial court imposed a relatively low tax on such family plantation.&1t;/p>

The cost investment in the plantation opening model of the state-owned capital consortium is relatively high because it is necessary to destroy the original indigenous order and establish a new order. However, the profit is also frighteningly high, because the indigenous labor costs are low, and under the management of state-owned capital, the indigenous labor has been fully exploited, which has overcome the problem of indigenous being too lazy to a certain extent. The agricultural products produced are extremely low, and the local area of ​​the Games will be huge profits.&1t;/p>

In Nanyang, indigenous people included in the plantation system have no freedom, only the Han people have freedom. However, indigenous property included in the plantation system is also protected. If it is a simple slave system, then the enthusiasm for slave production is very low, and only those who give can claim it. Therefore, indigenous labor remuneration is also given. In addition, spouses, houses, and food are also allocated according to labor enthusiasm. This is a social resource, so that the indigenous people can compare with each other.&1t;/p>

In order to obtain more such low-cost labor, the Ming Dynasty encouraged those healthy and obedient indigenous people to have more children. Those who gave birth to two or more will be given food subsidies. If they could give birth to more than five, there would be various rewards.&1t;/p>

The cost of raising these indigenous children is very low, which means some food expenses. Such subsidies can only be said to be easy.&1t;/p>
Chapter completed!