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Chapter 181 CRISPR/Cas Systems

The research center belongs to Chen Changan's office. He is sitting in an office chair, holding a plan in his hand and reading it carefully.

This plan is Wang Jia's bionic eye plan.

After reading the plan, Chen Changan realized that he had some thoughts.

Wang Jia did not want to do the real bionic eye like the human eyeball to replace the human eyeball.

In her plan, what she wanted to do was a brand new visual prosthesis device.

This device is actually a goggle equipped with multiple cameras and sensor devices, and then a visual core chip that is implanted into the retina to replace sensory cells.

In her plan, the core of this visual device is actually that chip, which is surgically implanted into the retina of the glasses. This chip will be able to replace the dead retinal photoreceptor cell function and work with the complete relay cell.

The device uses a camera on the goggles to record images, and then the strong IR light generated in the goggles is used to power the implanted battery and send the image to the eyes.

It is much simpler than the artificial eyeball or bionic eye technology that completely replaces visual functions that the academic community imagines!

Even if this kind of visual prosthesis device can be used in clinical practice, the patient only has an effect similar to that of an infrared sensor, and can roughly judge the general outline of the object in front of him, but it is not realistic to see the face or handwriting clearly.

But this can at least allow some blind people to regain their vision perception, have the ability to take care of themselves, and can travel without relying on guide dogs, and can see clearly the obstacles in front of them, the shape of buildings, and some large signs!

This is enough!

After Chen Changan carefully read the entire project plan, combined with some visual sensory technologies in his mind, he left some research direction suggestions and modification opinions in the blanks of the plan, as well as how to solve the problems of chip biocompatibility and other issues, all providing a research route.

He thinks Wang Jia's idea is quite reliable. If he can provide some bionic eye image conduction technology to solve the problem of biocompatibility, it is very likely that this project can be turned into an actual product!

Afterwards, he hesitated for a moment and wrote down his name in the consent column below the plan.

Since he agreed to Wang Jia, as long as the project is feasible, he agreed to allocate funds to support her project establishment. Then Chen Changan naturally did what he said.

After signing the project, he called Shang Ning and said, "Take the project back to Professor Wang Jia, and notify her by the way. I have agreed to the project to be established, so start the R&D work as soon as possible."

After sending Shang Ning to deliver the documents, he picked up another plan on his desk.

Yun Heng’s gene editing plan to cure cancer!

But compared to Wang Jia's plan, the plan submitted by Yun Heng to Chen Changan is much more difficult to understand. The entire plan is filled with many advanced theories and professional terms in genetics and cytology. Some nouns are pure English words. Even if Chen Changan, a person who has passed the English eighth grade, cannot understand this kind of uncommonly used professional noun.

After he read the plan in a hurry, he didn't even understand the entire project plan, let alone considering how feasible it is.

In desperation, he had to take the plan and go downstairs to the laboratory to find Yun Heng. He had to talk to Yun Heng in detail about the plan and ask Yun Heng to answer him various professional terms and the expected results that the project wanted to achieve.

After going downstairs, Chen Changan went straight to Yun Heng's laboratory and pulled Yun Heng, who was doing cell experiments, out of the laboratory, found a clean lounge, and asked: "Professor Yun, I have read your plan, but I don't understand many professional terms. Can you tell me in detail what you think?"

"How can this drug, or a vaccine, be used to prevent the spread of cancer cells?"

"Is it based on theoretical guesses, or is it really supported by experimental data?"

After reading this plan, Chen Changan asked Yunheng all the questions in his stomach.

Yun Heng smiled and said slowly, "Then I will explain in detail to Mr. Chen."

"The most well-known method of treating cancer is undoubtedly surgery and chemotherapy, but neither of them can fundamentally solve the cancer and will eventually recur."

"In addition to these two types, there are radiation therapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, etc. These treatment methods are not once and for all, and cancer recurrence is often the case."

"Although some targeted drugs may be cured for individual patients with cancer, these targeted drugs are customized drugs based on genetic levels and can only be effective for individual patients and cannot be replicated."

"So I was thinking, since external treatment cannot solve cancer cells, why not try to start from the root cause of cancer cells? Since gene mutations are inevitable during cell division, wouldn't I just need to remove this mutation?"

"So this research plan was created."

"In fact, the principle is very simple. Mr. Chen, you should know that the 2020 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to scientists who have developed the CRISPRCas9 gene programming technology."

"The emergence of this gene programming technology has greatly changed the current genetic research!"

"CRISPR is a repeat sequence in the genome of a prokaryotic organism. The DNA information of the virus can be recorded in the intervals of the sequence, which is equivalent to a viral DNA blacklist. It is an immune mechanism formed by bacteria in the fight against viruses. The Cas gene is a tool responsible for eliminating viruses. The Cas9 gene is the most mature and has been widely used in clinical practice."

"We can try to use lipid nanoparticles (LNP) technology to wrap the Cas9 gene and sgRNA in it and transport it to the human body."

"Lipid nanoparticles (LNP) technology is relatively mature and is often used to deliver RNA drugs, vaccines or gene editing tools. In the inactivated vaccines we usually use lipids to wrap weakened or inactivated strains."

"After LNP enters the human body, the outer lipids will be decomposed under the action of enzymes in the cell, and the internal Cas9 gene and sgRNA are exposed."

"sgRNA is a guide RNA. Its function is to guide Cas9 to identify the gene target of cancer cells. Cas9 will cut the genes of cancer cells like scissors. In this way, cancer cells can no longer replicate."

"More importantly, the immune weapon of the CRISPRCas system is memory, and the DNA fragments of cancer cells are placed on the spacer blacklist. When these cancer cells try to copy the gene, they will be cut off again."

"The genome that is cut off will become linear, unable to replicate and express, and will eventually be degraded by the enzyme."

"It should be noted that using CRISPRCas9 gene editing technology to treat cancer is not my first idea. This idea was actually proposed a few years ago."

"Some domestic and foreign research institutions are conducting research in this area and have conducted multiple animal experiments, which confirms that the CRISPRCas9 system can effectively treat metastatic cancer in living animals, but the blocking effect is not perfect enough!"

"In experiments on gliomas, it can edit up to about 70% of the cancer cell genome, while in ovarian cancer experiments, this proportion reaches about 80%.

"The technology still needs to be improved. If more than 90% of cancer cells can be edited, then based on the frequency of cancer cells' replication, twice a year can inhibit the spread of cancer cells!"

"Although cancer cells cannot be completely eliminated, they can be suppressed and prevent them from having a destructive impact on the body!"

"Even if you can edit 100% of the cancer cells, you can completely eliminate the cancer cells!"
Chapter completed!
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