An article.

The author said angrily for the injustice of the people. In the eyes of the people in the city, it is at most anger and unfair, but in the eyes of some people, the purpose will change slightly.

Yingzhou Prefecture, located in the northern part of Southern Zhili, is one of the earliest cities in the Ming Dynasty to have a railway station - it is located along the railway from Pukou to Kaifeng. Not far from the railway station, there is a large-scale ancestral hall, which is known as the "Dutang Li".

In the south gate, in front of the Li family's mansion, there are several Jinshi arches, which were built by Jinshi from the Li family's generations. The so-called "Dutang Li" made its fortune when Li Kui, the supervisor during the Chenghua period of the Ming Dynasty, and Li Jingbai, the Minister of Revenue during the Tianqi period. Although Li Jingbai was a high-ranking official, his character was not very glorious. Because he defected to Wei Zhongxian and became famous. Later, Chongzhen ascended the throne, Wei Zhongxian was defeated. Li Jingbai was dismissed from office and returned to his hometown because of his rebellion. However, with his "save" when he was an official, he built a lot of fields in the suburbs of the city, and the fields were crisscrossed.

Although after the city of Yingzhou was destroyed by a bandit in the eighth year of Chongzhen, Li Jingbai and Sima Zhang in the same city died at the hands of the bandits. Although the bandits killed people and burned houses, the land of the Li family was still there, and the people of the Li family were still there. However, it took only more than ten years to recover the Li family. The more magnificent house and ancestral temple were built in the south gate.

However, like all officials, gentlemen and officials, the good days of the Li family ended during the Qiansheng period. Especially in the eighth year of Qiansheng, the court issued the Land Investigation Order. According to the provisions of the Land Investigation Order: the landlord must report his land to the government, and the government will measure it based on it. The landlord and type of land shall be decided by the local land investigation committee. Those who are dissatisfied with the decision shall file a complaint to the Higher Investigation Committee within 60 days. The land rights that have not been declared belong to the state. The results of the implementation, in addition to determining the ownership relationship of the land, a large number of hidden fields were measured in the history of the Ming Dynasty, which greatly increased the area of ​​arable land. With the clarification of ownership and tax obligations, the court obtained huge land tax revenue, which greatly improved the financial situation of the court.

Like almost all the gentry, Li Linsun only claimed 13,000 acres at that time, which was the same as their tax-paying mu of land. In fact, in the Qiansheng Dynasty, they actually claimed 13,000 acres and put them over. The Li family only had three or four thousand acres in the government, so there was no need to pay taxes.

Why did the Qian Sheng Dynasty have a great conscience?

Isn’t it because Emperor Qian Sheng is ruthless and ruthless, what are the consequences of the great men in Jiangnan? They are watching?

Moreover, in the second year of Qiansheng, the court had cleaned up the "military fields". I don't know how many hereditary commanders and thousands of households were beheaded and the land and houses they swallowed were collected. The Qiansheng Dynasty must understand the rules. If you don't understand the rules, the court will use their methods to make people understand the rules.

So from the second year of Qiansheng, the Li family became a "good gentry". Not only did they take the initiative to make up 10,000 acres of land deeds to the government, but they also did not have any defaults and paid them all year round.

When I was clearing the fields that year, Li Linsun thought about it and reported according to the number.

Then, what is waiting for him?

Even to this day, Li Linsun still remembers that day, when the magistrate personally led people to measure the Li family's land property. Ten thousand acres of land were enough for him to measure the land. In order to measure the land, the court intended to make legal tools for measuring the land, and local governments were not allowed to use private rulers to measure fields. One was an iron bow ruler, which was used for short-distance and complex terrain measurements; the other was a rope ruler, which was dozens of feet, which was suitable for long-distance measurements.

After the declaration, Qingtian did not only deal with the Li family, but also had similar Qingtian operations in Yingzhou Prefecture and many places in the Ming Dynasty.

Li Linsun didn't know how the fields were cleared from other places were cleared, but it took only half a month to find out the problem of the Li family.

In the Ming Dynasty, taxation was also given in tax certificates.

There was before the Gan Sheng Dynasty, and even after the Gan Sheng Dynasty.

Compared with the old-style vouchers, the Gan Sheng Dynasty vouchers borrowed from later generations. In three copies, one couplet was the local official collection voucher, and was kept in the prefecture and county yamen. One couplet was handed over to the government office and kept for inspection. The other couplet was the people who kept the tax voucher to prove that they had paid the tax.

The Li family declared 13,000 acres of land.

Yes, just declare it casually. I see how much tax you have paid!

Collaborate with yamen officials to burn the certificate of destruction?

It is absolutely impossible. In addition to keeping one copy of the three-part certificate in the local yamen, the governor's yamen also keep one copy, and the Ministry of Revenue has a "statistical register".

burn?

Not to mention whether the yamen officials have the courage, unless they can burn from the local area to the central court, there will be no certificate of burning.

Just like in all places, a team of people check the land acres; a team of people check the county government tax invoices; and the magistrate led a team to check the tax certificates in the Li family.

Facing the clear and abundant fields.

The Li family admits that it is their own land, so please pay the tax. If you don’t make up much, you will be fined five times the amount from the first year of Gansheng to the eighth year of Gansheng. Then you can reissue the land deed and the land will be returned to your Li family.

How about it, the court is benevolent and righteous!

The Li family does not admit that it is its own land, so the land is directly confiscated and confiscated as "ownerless land".

If you don’t want to, the government will not have to confiscate your land. As long as your Li family can take out the land deeds and tax invoices, and pay back all the taxes and fines in previous years, it will be considered as if it’s done.

Check it out to death!

Punishment to death!

Aren't you a local wise man?

How can there be a wise man in the world who evades taxes!

A clearing of fields, the Li family cleared out 20,000 acres of land, and the Li family compensated nearly 100,000 taels of tax and fines!

In fact, the taxes in the Ming Dynasty were not heavy. Taking Nanzhili as an example, the average tax rate was 0.08 taels per mu. Moreover, after the Gansheng Dynasty, the harsh taxes of household sects, Liao stakes, training taxes, etc. were abolished, leaving only land taxes and education surcharges equivalent to about one-third of the land tax. Nanzhili had the heaviest tax, which was only 0.1 taels per mu.

The Li family has nearly 100,000 taels!

Definitely vomiting blood.

However, at that time, Qingtian was piloted in various places. After the pilot, it was implemented throughout the province, nationwide, and other places, it was also necessary to investigate. It was just that Yingzhou was a pilot area.

In fact, they did not know that the so-called pilot areas are actually important transportation areas, and clearing fields is just a means to obtain land to resettle military households. Even when the military fields were cleared in the second year of Gansheng, many military households had been resettled, but there were still some shortcomings. For example, many prefectures and counties did not have enough land to resettle military households.

It is obviously inappropriate to search the house directly.

Don’t the emperor kill Shunmin!

Then let's change the way.

Qingtian!

As long as you make a truthful declaration, the government will not confiscate your land or impose a fine. It will be considered as if you only pay all the taxes owed in previous years.

But the question is... how many such conscious good people are there in the world?

Not to mention gentry and landlords, even civilians in the market may not be willing to truthfully declare.

If you don’t make a truthful declaration, okay... the fine plus tax replenishment is enough to make many people give up their hidden land. The country not only obtained land resettlement military households, but also received large amounts of taxes.

More importantly, the pilot areas are only part of the areas, which avoids the possibility of large-scale turmoil in Qingtian. Faced with the gentry and wise men in the pilot areas who were punished to vomit blood, when other places received the Qingtian Order, the gentry and landlords all cooperated with the Qingtian and took the initiative to declare their own land.

After all, the chicken has been killed for the monkey to show it.

Want to incite the public to resist Qingtian?

During the eighth year of the sage, I didn’t dare to have the courage. After all, exiled tribes to Nanyang was not just a verbal statement. Moreover, the swords and guns of Tiqi were not chaotic, but the people were not chaotic. Some places in the Ming Dynasty settled the people, and some were Tiqi suppressed the people.

The Li family... is just that chicken. It's the chicken that is killed for others to see!

Unlucky!

It’s so unlucky, at least in Li Linsun’s opinion.

In those days, like other gentry in Yingzhou Prefecture, the Li family was wailing.

A land tax of more than 10,000 taels will be fined five times.

The money almost broke the Li family. Li Linsun, who was crying, beat his chest and shouted:

"Your Majesty is so merciless, and he is so loyal and kind to the country gentry!"

The so-called loyalty refers to his father Li Jingbai - he died at the hands of a thief when he was guarding the city and did not surrender the thief, so of course he was considered loyalty.

His brother Li Hesun also looked resentful, but he held back and didn't say anything.

Walking around the house, Li Linsun said in a lost voice:

"Only 100,000 taels of silver are enough to destroy the Li family. The Li family can't take out this money. Your Majesty! Why is Your Majesty so cruel to the gentry? Your Majesty is really heartless!"

If you can't take out the money, you can only endure the pain and cut your flesh.

In the end, the Li family had to cut out a large piece of meat - and more than 5,000 acres of land.

While the Li family was cutting their flesh, the imperial court placed 1,000 military households in Yingzhou and gave them more than 100,000 acres of land. Where did those fields come from?

It is the meat cut off from local gentry like "Sima Zhang", "Dutang Li", "Taiqiu Liu".

Do they feel pain when they are cut off?

pain!

It hurts so much!

This pain has been more than ten years!

For more than ten years, whenever Li Linsun saw those military households who did not pay food occupy their "his own land", he felt so angry!

What is even more annoying is that Li Linsun is a dignified scholar. Before the Holy Dynasty, although he had tens of thousands of acres of fertile land, he had never taken food, nor did he be a bad person. However, when the Holy Dynasty, the rules changed, and the Li family's fields had to pay enough food.

As for the excuse, of course there is. According to the excuse rules of the Ming Dynasty - it was decided in the 24th year of Jiajing. The Emperor Gan Sheng was benevolent and righteous, and in order to encourage scholars to learn, he did not lose any loss. The Chongzhen Dynasty had cancelled the excuses for the excuses for the excuses for the excuses for the excuses for the excuses for the excuses for the excuses for the excuses for the excuses for the excuses for the excuses for the excuses for the excuses for the excuses for the excuses for the excuses for the excuses for the excuses for the excuses for the excuses for the excuses for the excuses for the excuses for the excuses for the excuses for the excuses for the excuses for the excuses for the excuses for the excuses for the excuses for the excuses for the excuses for the excuses for the excuses for the excuse

Just like the student, the juren, who is a student, is exempted from two taels of land and two people - paying the silver for the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the rank of the

After the first month of the year, it is the season of "excellent tax refunds" again.

Like in previous years, the servants at home reported the government’s notice of “exemption of tax refunds” to Li Linsun Shi.

"Master, when will our family get the Youduanqian? Just like in previous years, it will take two months."

Li Linsun finally couldn't help it:

"Recipe, just win! That little bit of money is paid in more than 2,000 taels of silver a year, which is more than what I paid in more than ten years when the late emperor was in power. You are exempted. Our Li family has two juren, three students and one student. Together, only more than ten taels of silver is exempted. Is that little money a little bit of money? It is obviously a slap in the face of our Li family and the Li family!"

Looking at the eldest brother's angry look, Li Hesun said.

"Brother, is the Li family still in the face? After being beaten for eight years, the Li family paid a fine and asked the government to collect the land. The Li family lost face again. Face... The face of Li in the capital is probably not as good as that of the military households outside the city. There are so many juren in our Li family, and the annual exemption of Jinshi is only a dozen taels of silver, which is equivalent to a hundred acres of land. But what about military households? A military household also has at least 100 acres of land. Excellent and exemption of land. The other family is the real exemption of high-quality and exemption of high-quality! Two juren, three students, and one supervisor, are not as good as a military household!"

Brother's words made Li Linsun depressed.

"Six scholars are not as good as one military household. Your Majesty treats us so badly. He really treats us and others as fish!"

Six scholars are worse than one military household!

This kind of thing is simply unimaginable before the Holy Dynasties, but it is a fact when it comes to the Holy Dynasties. Not only that, in the eyes of many gentry, His Majesty is definitely treating them harshly!

What has he done to the Holy Emperor over the years?
To be continued...