Earth, Xinghai Science and Technology Research Institute.
Liu Yuan came to the Quantum Research Institute of Xinghai Science and Technology Research Institute to see the research status of quantum communication technology.
This trip to Mars also made Liu Yuan feel that he must develop quantum communication technology as soon as possible.
The distance between Mars and the Earth is now only over 100 million kilometers, but the exchange of information between the two planets is extremely slow. Relying on electromagnetic communication technology, a one-way exchange of information takes several minutes, which is very slow.
slow.
Moreover, electromagnetic communication between interstellar universes will be weakened. Short distances are not too big, but at a long distance, the electromagnetic signals will be weakened very seriously and powerfully.
This is very inconvenient for information exchange between Mars and Earth.
In the future, we will have to rely on warp-speed spacecraft to fly to places outside the solar system, and the distance will be even further. Traditional communication technology will simply not be able to meet future communication needs.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a technology that can enable instant communication over long distances.
This kind of technology and theory has been proposed by scientists a long time ago, and that is quantum communication technology.
Quantum communication is a new communication method that uses quantum superposition states and entanglement effects to transmit information.
Based on the characteristics of quantum entanglement and superposition states, quantum communication also has many characteristics. The first is that quantum communication is an absolutely safe and absolutely reliable communication technology. It cannot be stolen as easily as electromagnetic communication technology.
It cannot be stolen at all, so it is absolutely safe and reliable.
At the same time, it also has the characteristics of ultra-high communication efficiency and speed.
According to the power in quantum mechanics, quantum has an entangled state, which refers to a superposition state of a multi-particle system or a multi-degree-of-freedom system that cannot be expressed as a direct product.
To understand simply, the so-called "quantum entanglement" refers to the phenomenon that no matter how far away the two particles are, changes in one particle will affect the other. That is, no matter how far apart the two particles are, they are fundamentally still the same.
correlational.
For example, if a particle without spin splits into two particles, their spins must be opposite, but before their spins are observed, they are random, and the observation of one particle will instantaneously affect the other particle.
Scientists believe that this is a "magical force" that even Einstein cannot explain, jokingly calling it "distant ghostly behavior" and can become the basis for a quantum computer with super computing power and a "foolproof" quantum security system.
Base.
This is the principle of quantum communication technology and quantum computers.
To put it simply, it is to take advantage of the characteristic that quantum particles influence each other, and this influence is not limited by distance.
For example, if two particles A and B, one on Earth and one on Mars, exert an influence on A, then B will also produce corresponding changes. This change will not be affected by distance.
The change between the two occurs at the same time and has nothing to do with the spatial distance. It is only related to the entangled state between the quanta themselves.
This also means that if quantum communication technology is developed, this powerful communication technology can have powerful capabilities for ultra-long-distance real-time communication.
No matter how far away the two parties are, they can communicate in real time through quantum communication technology.
The theory of quantum communication has been proposed very early, and scientists on earth have also been actively researching it very early. They have even developed quantum communication satellites, and the research on quantum technology has reached a certain level.
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Scientists have proposed two major concepts and theories: quantum computers and quantum communications, and many countries and research institutions have conducted in-depth research on quantum technology and achieved some good results.
For example, our country's team established a 3-node chain optical quantum telephone network, realizing quantum language communication for the first time on earth.
However, before it can truly move from the laboratory to the practical field, it still faces several difficulties.
First, in order to carry out long-distance quantum state teleportation, the two places communicating must have the maximum quantum entanglement state at the same time. However, due to the influence of environmental noise, the quality of the quantum entanglement state will become worse as the transmission distance increases.
Getting worse and worse. Therefore, how to purify high-quality quantum entangled states is an important topic in quantum communication research.
The second is how to realize the relay and forwarding of quantum signals and achieve satisfactory long-distance communication effects. So far, the scientific community has not achieved complete success in light sources, channel nodes and receivers, and the required security requirements have not been guaranteed.
, may be eavesdropped, how to conduct attack and defense tests and security upgrades on the actual quantum key distribution system is a difficult problem faced by operation and maintenance.
Third, because there are loopholes in the key storage and forwarding of relay nodes, it may become a security risk point for the entire system. How to solve serious problems such as the entangled state being too sensitive to channel length jitter and the bit error rate growing too fast with the channel length is also a problem.
A vexing problem.
In general, this is a technology that scientists believe is absolutely safe, absolutely fast, and at the same time has a powerful technology that ignores the existence of communication technology and is suitable for future communications in the interstellar universe.
But currently, it only exists in scientists' laboratories and has not been really used in real life.
Of course, judging from the current development situation of the earth, there is no need for such advanced technology as quantum technology.
For communication on the earth, electromagnetic communication technology is enough. Coupled with optical fiber communication, there is no problem. The entire earth can be transformed into a whole.
As for the application of quantum technology to the computer field, it seems that it does not have much significance and effect at present. The current computer technology on the earth can already meet people's needs. Only the field of scientific research requires more powerful computers.
But for Xinghai Technology, it is no longer enough.
Communication between Mars and Earth has become a problem. Nowadays, large-scale electromagnetic communication transmitting and receiving base stations are built in the outer space of Earth and Mars to solve this problem and meet the communication needs between Earth and Mars.
But in the future, when we go to the earth outside the solar system and the distance between the two parties is calculated using light, traditional communication technology will no longer be able to meet the demand.
You must know that even the speed of light is a long distance that takes years to calculate. Once this is gone, communication with the earth is basically completely cut off.
There is no doubt that this is obviously not possible.
In the future, I will take a large number of people to other planets, but it does not mean that I will completely sever ties with the earth. Everyone has relatives and friends, so it is impossible to go to all of them, and they have to communicate with each other from time to time.
In addition, at the beginning, it will definitely still need to transport a large amount of materials from the earth, and it will also need to absorb a certain population from the earth. Only when the population reaches a certain base can we talk about establishing a civilization, otherwise
Population growth alone is a very troublesome problem.
Liu Yuan estimated that he would not be able to break away from the connection with the earth for a long time, and would need to use a large amount of resources from the earth to support his own development.
Of course, the most important thing is the population.
From the inheritance seeds, Liu Yuan knew that any of the powerful civilizations in the interstellar universe had extremely vast territory in the starry sky, a large number of life planets, and an extremely large population.
The population on the earth is still calculated in billions, but the population of civilizations in the interstellar universe is calculated in trillions and Beijing, one trillion is equal to 1 trillion, and one Beijing is equal to 10,000 trillion.
You can imagine what a huge population this is, and how many talents can be born from it. Only with an extremely large population can enough scientists be born, and can science and technology be continuously developed to higher levels.
Similarly, only with a large population can one have great power.
It may take several years or more than ten years for the earth's billions of people to build a powerful space fleet, but for powerful civilizations in the interstellar universe, they can build one in minutes.
A powerful fleet came out, coupled with a huge population.
The power of the entire civilization is extremely powerful. Only in competition and war with other civilizations can it be more durable and powerful, thus laying the foundation for the prosperity of its own civilization.
This reason is very simple. Just like World War II, when small European countries faced the Japanese army, they almost surrendered within minutes. But the polar bear, with its vast territory, large population, and rich resources, even if it was attacked by
Destroyed millions of troops.
They can also quickly form an army of millions or tens of millions. They are willful enough, so they can continue to fight until their opponents are exhausted and it is time for them to counterattack.
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Just like us, we have a vast land, abundant resources, and a large population. We can persist in the war of resistance for eight years. Even if half of the country falls, there is still half of the country that can continue to fight until the two sides fall into a stalemate, and continue until the subsequent victory.
This is the advantage of a big country, the advantage of population, and the advantage of vast territory.
Civilizations in the interstellar universe are all deeply aware of this, so they all attach great importance to reproduction and education. Each civilization has an extremely large population and territory, and is extremely powerful, so naturally it can stand firm.
Once the population of a civilization begins to decrease and people are no longer willing to have children, then the civilization begins to lose its vitality, loses its future and hope, and what is waiting is just a slow decline and gradual decline.
And this is happening in many areas on the earth.
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