Those Things in the Ming Dynasty Part 1 The Great Emperor Hongwu _ Chapter 12 Poyang Lake! A decisive battle!
On July 21, the Battle of Poyang Lake officially began.
The two sides set up formations on the lake. Only then did Zhu Yuanzhang's soldiers discover a serious problem: their warships were too small and looked like toys in front of Chen Youliang's giant ship. Among Chen Youliang's warships, the largest was fifteen feet long and fifteen feet wide.
Two feet, three feet high - you can calculate how big the ship is by yourself. The ship is divided into three floors, and there are actually soldiers on horseback patrolling back and forth on the ship. The stern cannot be seen from the front of the ship (the bow and stern are not facing each other), and the soldiers
Standing on your own warship, you can only look up at the enemy ship (you can't attack when you look up).
However, Zhu Yuanzhang's warships were actually mainly composed of Chen Youliang's ships captured in the Battle of Longwan in the 20th year of Zhengzheng, as well as several fishing boats. Although Zhu Yuanzhang's soldiers had already heard that Chen Youliang's warships were powerful, they could only observe them from a close distance.
, only to realize what a terrifying fleet this is.
How to fight this battle?
This scene must have left a deep impression on Zhu Yuanzhang. After that, the Ming Dynasty's shipbuilding always aimed at giant ships. When Zheng He sailed to the West, the largest "treasure ship" was actually 127 meters long. It seemed that
It was a demonstration to Chen Youliang from decades ago.
But in this case, retreat is impossible and the only option is to fight.
First attack! Xu Da’s fierce attack!
Zhu Yuanzhang expressed his method of defeating the enemy amidst lamentations. He believed that although the enemy's ships were large, their maneuverability was not good. By using the flexibility of his own ships, he could defeat the enemy (it was unfavorable for advance and retreat, but it could be destroyed).
That being said, who is going to fight?
At this time, Xu Da stood up:
"I will be a pioneer!"
Xu Da is not an ordinary man. He carefully analyzed the weaknesses of the enemy ships, ordered his ships to form a small team, and brought muskets and crossbows. When approaching the enemy, he first fired muskets and crossbows. After approaching the enemy ship, he climbed aboard the enemy ship.
, engage in close combat with the enemy.
After careful consideration, Xu Da, Chang Yuchun, Liao Yongzhong and others formulated a detailed combat plan, preparing to deal a heavy blow to Chen Youliang.
The next day, Xu Da led his fleet to launch an assault.
He took the lead and led the front army to advance. After approaching Chen Youliang's army, he unexpectedly led his troops to launch a surprise attack on Chen Youliang's front army.
Chen Youliang's army was greatly panicked. Unexpectedly, Zhu Yuanzhang's army took the initiative to attack and hurriedly sent out a fleet to attack. At this time, Xu Da's fleet suddenly divided into eleven teams and besieged the giant ship from different angles (similar to the wolf pack tactic). Due to the action of the giant ship,
Unfortunately, they were unable to repel Xu Da's attack. However, Xu Da's army took advantage of the situation and climbed onto one of the giant ships, killing more than a thousand enemies and capturing the ship. Chen Youliang's former army was defeated.
Chen Youliang's army discovered the characteristics of Xu Da's attack, and gathered dozens of giant ships to launch a swarm attack. Xu Da hurriedly retreated the fleet, and Chen Youliang's army took advantage of the situation to launch an attack. However, they did not expect that it was a trap.
Chen Youliang's army followed Xu Da. At this time, the wind direction suddenly turned against the wind. Yu Tonghai, who had been waiting in the Chinese fleet for a long time, immediately concentrated a large number of artillery and violently bombarded Chen Youliang's army who entered the range. Chen Youliang's forward fleet was almost wiped out. Twenty
The remaining warships were burned.
Zhu Yuanzhang's army flag was raised in victory.
But Chen Youliang was Chen Youliang after all. After the initial failure, he reorganized the fleet in time, took advantage of his giant ships, and used the artillery on the ships to launch a fierce attack on Xu Dajun.
During this attack, Xu Da's battleship was hit, and he had to abandon his flagship and move to other ships, temporarily losing the ability to command the fleet. Chen Youliang's army took the opportunity to launch a counterattack, sinking dozens of Zhu Yuanzhang's battle lines in succession.
Zhu Yuanzhang's army suffered heavy losses, and countless people drowned.
The two sides returned to a stalemate.
However, the nightmare of Zhu Yuanzhang's army had just begun. Chen Youliang's army was about to launch an unexpected attack. This attack was not expected by Chen Youliang, but it was fatal to Zhu Yuanzhang.
The charge of the first fierce general Zhang Dingbian
The end of the Yuan Dynasty was an era when famous generals emerged in large numbers. There were a large number of brave generals under the various princes. Among them, Zhu Yuanzhang's generals were the strongest. Each of these people had their own expertise, such as Xu Dashan who was good at strategy, Li Wen who was good at running, Chang Yuchun who was good at running.
He is good at attacking, Feng Sheng is good at flanking, and Zhu Wenzheng is good at defense. But when it comes to bravery, there is no one like Zhang Dingbian in the world!
Zhang Dingbian, born in 1318, was originally from Mianyang, Hubei Province. Like Chen Youliang, he also came from a fishing family. Not only was he brave and good at fighting, but he also knew astronomy and geography, and even knew how to tell fortunes. He was Chen Youliang's childhood friend and his best friend.
As early as when they were in Hubei, they became sworn brothers with Chen Youliang and Zhang Bixian and swore to live and die together. Chen Youliang was suspicious all his life, but he had great trust in this person.
After the war situation reached a stalemate, Zhang Dingbian decided to implement his action. This action was not known to Chen Youliang in advance. I believe that if he knew, he would never agree to implement it.
Zhang Dingbian led his flagship and two auxiliary ships out of Chen Youliang's naval camp. Both the Chen and Zhu armies thought he was out for a cruise and did not pay attention. Unexpectedly, something unexpected happened.
Zhang Dingbian led his three ships without stopping and rushed directly to Zhu Yuanzhang's flagship!
Take Yuan Zhang's head from a million troops!
Zhang Dingbian was so brave that he rushed into the front line of Zhu Yuanzhang's navy alone. At this time, both sides of the battle were stunned by him. Chen Youliang's army did not know why this happened, and Zhu Yuanzhang's army was not on guard, and the forwards retreated one after another.
Zhang Dingbian ignored him and went straight to Zhu Yuanzhang.
It was not until they rushed to the central army that Zhu Yuanzhang's navy realized that his target was Zhu Yuanzhang, the commander-in-chief of the entire army!
The stunned generals recovered and immediately commanded their warships to stop them. Zhang Dingbian rushed to the center, but was surrounded by more than thirty warships. There was no way forward, and there were pursuers behind him.
From the general's perspective, Zhang Dingbian's performance was over.
But something that stunned them even more was yet to come.
Zhang Dingbian can be said to be full of courage. He was trapped in a tight siege and fought alone, but he became more courageous and unstoppable as he fought!
Although he went deep alone, he was extremely brave. In order to boost morale, he stood on the bow of the ship with a sword in hand to show that he would never retreat. The soldiers were impressed by his courage and fought with all their strength. The ship actually fought its way out of the siege and fought all the way.
Defeated Zhu Yuanzhang's various generals, killed generals Han Cheng, Chen Zhaoxian, Song Gui and others, broke out a bloody road, cut Zhu Yuanzhang's navy in half, and headed straight for Zhu Yuanzhang.
At this time, Zhu Yuanzhang, who was in the rear army, saw Zhang Dingbian's warship rushing all the way, and panicked, and quickly ordered the ship to avoid it. Unexpectedly, it rained all night, and because the rudder was turned too quickly, the ship ran aground!
Zhu Yuanzhang was already at his wits' end. There were no warships coming to rescue him, and he was about to be taken prisoner.
In martial arts novels, whenever similar situations are encountered, beauties suffer and martial arts masters come to rescue. Facts tell us that in real history, martial arts masters will also come forward in critical moments. Zhu Yuanzhang at this time is an example
.
Although he is not a hero saving beauty (the image is far from that), he is still quite legendary.
Shooting champion Chang Yuchun
At this time, Chang Yuchun's warship was not far away from Zhu Yuanzhang. When everyone was anxious, he came to the lookout sergeant with a bow in hand and said to him calmly: "Don't panic, tell me,
Which one is Zhang Dingbian?"
The sergeant pointed with his finger at a man on the bow of the warship ahead. Chang Yuchun drew his bow and set an arrow. Before the sergeant put his hand down, the arrow had already left the string, and the arrow hit Zhang Dingbian (it was still a moving target)!
After Zhang Dingbian was shot, he was unable to command the battle, so he withdrew from Zhu Yuanzhang's navy without anyone stopping him.
Zhang Dingbian was considered as Zhao Zilong for a time. Unfortunately, Zhu Yuanzhang was not Cao Cao, and there was no rule not to shoot arrows.
The battle on the second day ended here. It was truly a thrilling day.
That night, Chen Youliang held a combat meeting and summarized the experience of the day's combat. He believed that in order to give full play to the strengths of his warships, it was necessary to ensure group assaults. However, the ships' traveling speeds were different and unification could not be guaranteed, so he creatively (in his opinion)
I came up with an idea: connect the boats with iron ropes (it looks familiar)!
This really shouldn't be done. It is said that Chen Youliang has a very good relationship with Shi Naian. In this case, he should also know Luo Guanzhong, so he really shouldn't make this mistake. For some reason, Chen Youliang actually used the fainting method that Cao Cao used back then.
Zhao, it seems that Luo Guanzhong may not have completed "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" at that time, or he may have forgotten to give him a copy after finishing "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" and publishing it.
The third day.
Zhu Yuanzhang attacked first. He blew the horn himself and summoned all the troops to prepare for the decisive battle. At this time, Chen Youliang's chain fleet exerted great power. They were connected together and stretched as far as ten miles away, as far as the eye could see.
Zhu Yuanzhang sent three fleets to attack in succession, but they were all defeated. However, Chen Youliang was keenly aware that Zhu Yuanzhang's right wing was weak, so he commanded the army to attack the right wing of Zhu Yuanzhang's army. This move was so powerful that Zhu Yuanzhang's army could not resist it. Seeing that the situation was not good, Zhu Yuanzhang
Stand in front of the ship with your sword in person, use the flagship as the bottom line, and kill anyone who retreats with your own hands!
However, after killing more than ten Qianhu who retreated, he still could not stop the defeat, and his army was about to collapse. Unexpectedly, at this time, a fierce general similar to Zhang Dingbian appeared in his army.
Ding Pulang was Zhao Pusheng's sworn brother and one of the four kings of the Xu Army at that time. He defected to Zhu Yuanzhang not out of voluntariness but as a last resort, so he had never been active in fighting, but his opponent at this time made him reveal himself.
The true nature of a madman.
For him, everything comes second, only brotherly loyalty is the most important. Chen Youliang, a despicable villain, killed Zhao Pusheng, and he must pay for it with his life today!
It is said that he erected a seven-foot white cloth on the bow of his boat and wrote in eight characters: "No one else will ask, only punish Jiusi", because it is rumored that Chen Youliang's nickname is Chen Jiusi, which means that I only want to settle accounts with Chen Youliang, and it has nothing to do with it.
Everyone stepped aside.
Chen Jiusi and Zhu Chongba, judging from their names, they are both hard-working people.
After putting on a good show at Zhang Dingbian, Ding Pulang acted in the sequel. He also led his warships towards the enemy formation. This was when Zhu Yuanzhang was defeated, so his attack boosted the morale of the army, allowing Zhu Yuanzhang to hold on until
During the decisive battle.
However, the direction of his charge was not ideal. Unlike Zhang Dingbian, he attacked wherever there were many people. Being brave is brave, but it was ineffective, and he suffered a lot (he suffered more than ten wounds). This
This is the difference between the courage of a famous general and the courage of an ordinary man.
How to get the rank of general in an army of millions
Here is an analysis of this strange phenomenon in war. How to take the head of a general out of a million-strong army. If you study it carefully, you will find that this is a technical job.
In Japanese side-scrolling games (such as Romance of the Three Kingdoms), if you want to defeat the generals Xiahou Dun, Cao Cao and others, you must first defeat a large number of small soldiers such as Zhao Xiong, Pangpang, etc. My skills are too poor and I can't see them every time.
By the time he reaches the rank of general, he has already died at the hands of unknown people.
The actual war is similar. It is not easy to defeat the generals by overcoming thousands of armies!
Let’s take the Three Kingdoms general Guan Yu as an example. The process of his killing Yan Liang (this is a historical fact) is worth studying. First of all, Yan Liang stood in front of the battle and did not know that Guan Yu was coming to kill him; secondly, Guan Yu relied on fast transportation (
Horse), "Shouted loudly and rushed down." Yan Liang lost his head before he knew what happened.
It can be seen that this killing method has several characteristics. In simple terms, it means to find a loophole and give you a knife when you are not prepared. It has the meaning of stabbing you in the dark.
Overall, there is a long way to go to achieve this goal.
First of all, it must be sudden. You cannot shout to the opponent's army: I am coming to kill your general, be ready. This will not work. You must attack the unprepared.
Secondly, you must see accurately and not charge into the crowd. You must learn from badminton players and hit the gaps between people, which is the so-called joint. For example, in today's Golden Week tourist spots, you must not charge into the crowd.
, in that case, if you are not beaten to death, you will also be squeezed to death.
Finally, you have to be fast enough and have advanced means of transportation (fast horses, fast boats). In addition, you have to use certain dubbing (such as shouting) to confuse the other party and make the other party be confused. One more blow and the head will be gone.
Already.
It's done. It can be seen that this kind of military operation has a high technical content.
Zhang Dingbian is a person who has these conditions. He knows the art of war well and can grasp time and opportunities, so he can deal a fierce blow to Zhu Yuanzhang. But Ding Pulang is just a common man. He rushes left and right. Not only can he not get close to Chen Youliang, but he himself
He was still surrounded by people. His life was not guaranteed, but it was quite tragic. "History of the Ming Dynasty" records that he was seriously injured and his head had fallen off. He was still standing firmly with weapons. Chen Youliang's soldiers thought that a god had descended to earth (the head was still standing upright when he was freed).
The soldiers were fighting, and the enemy was frightened.) But other historical materials I saw recorded that he committed suicide after being surrounded, unwilling to be a prisoner. Ordinarily, the suicide would not be so violent that he could even cut off his own head.
If you don't understand, just leave it like that.
In any case, Ding Pulang was a very loyal man. He did not die with his brothers, but he still sought benevolence and died a worthy death.
Ding Pulang's attack gave Zhu Yuanzhang's army the courage to continue supporting them, allowing them to wait until the moment that decided the outcome in the afternoon.
Strong wind! Strong wind!
In the continuous retreat, Zhu Yuanzhang realized that if he continued like this, his entire army would be annihilated. At this time, his general Guo Xing suggested to him: The enemy situation is serious now. It is not that the soldiers are not working hard, but there is really no way. The enemy's ships are too large.
We can't defeat them, we can only attack them with fire!
Zhu Yuanzhang was so convinced that he immediately made arrangements, ordered seven ships to load gunpowder, put the scarecrows in armor, put on poses, organized a death squad to control the ships, and sent people to respond.
Everything is arranged, but cannot be implemented.
Because Zhu Yuanzhang encountered the same problem as Zhou Yu:
No wind.
No matter how capable Zhu Yuanzhang is, there is nothing God can do about him. He looked at Guo Xing, which means you have any other ideas. Guo Xing had no choice this time, so he said to Zhu Yuanzhang: Just wait.
Did this wind just come? It can only be resisted.
After struggling like this, at three o'clock in the afternoon, a miracle happened.
The northeast wind is blowing!
Zhu Yuanzhang immediately ordered the fire ship to set off!
These seven ships approached Chen Youliang's warship after being lit. The fire took advantage of the wind, and the wind assisted the fire! Chen Youliang's warship was unable to escape due to the iron cables connected to the river, and suddenly fell into a sea of fire.
Zhu Yuanzhang took the opportunity to order the army to launch a general offensive. For a while, the sound of killing was loud.
At this time, Chen Youliang was resting in the middle army, still dreaming of annihilating Zhu Yuanzhang. Suddenly, the soldiers ran in in a panic and shouted: Something bad is happening!
Chen Youliang knew something was wrong, so he immediately went out of the cabin to take a look before the soldiers finished speaking.
The first thing he saw were the eyes of the soldiers on the warship.
Horrible red.
The dazzling firelight reflected every soldier's eyes red.
There is no way to save it.
At this time, it was already dusk, the setting sun in the sky was like blood, blood flowed on the ground into rivers, the blood of the killed soldiers dyed the lake red, and the magnificent Poyang Lake turned into a lake of blood.
On a sunny day, the floating light is shining, the boats are flying, and the birds are flying. When it rains, the clouds are vast, the wind is strong and the waves are high. This is the beautiful scenery of Poyang Lake on weekdays, but at this time, Poyang Lake is full of shouts and killings, and the sky is illuminated by fire.
Blood and water flowed across the river.
Dozens of Chen Youliang's warships were all burned to the ground. The ships were in flames, and screams of soldiers being burned to death and killed were heard from time to time. Chen Youliang knew that he was finished.
The firelight, blood and sky reflected a frightening red color, which is the true color of autumn water and sky.
In this terrible red, hundreds of thousands of people are holding swords and fighting to the death. They don't know each other, and there is no great hatred, but at this moment, they are sworn enemies, and the god of death has firmly grasped everyone.
Alone, the screams and wails of the soldiers were terrifying to hear.
This is truly hell on earth.
The fierce fire first illuminated the sea of clouds, and the red cliff buildings and ships were swept away!
Chen Youliang was really defeated. He packed up his army. Only half of the original fleet was left, but he absolutely could not return to Jiangzhou.
Once this bet starts, no matter you win or lose, you cannot leave. The bet will continue until one of the people loses everything.
Chen Youliang’s final blow! White flagship
Chen Youliang summoned his generals and looked at them with red eyes. He could no longer lose. Surprisingly, he did not blame his generals because he understood that at this point, we could only work together in the same boat.
"Although we are defeated today, victory still belongs to us!"
The generals looked at him in surprise. Is there any way to win?
"Yes, we still have a way."
At the same time, the generals on Zhu Yuanzhang's flagship were very excited, and some had even begun to prepare to celebrate the victory. Zhu Yuanzhang was no exception. He told the generals that Chen Youliang had been defeated and his demise was only a matter of time. We must
Able to destroy him (defeated, frustrated, dying, now we will use all our strength to destroy him)!
However, Xu Da maintained a rare calmness. He reminded Zhu Yuanzhang that Chen Youliang still has considerable strength. Once he jumps over the wall in a hurry, we must deal with him carefully and must not be careless.
Zhu Yuanzhang turned his excited face, looked at Xu Da, and showed a sly smile.
"I know."
Day four.
Chen Youliang's confidence comes from his intelligence. Under the current circumstances, it is no longer possible to completely annihilate Zhu Yuanzhang's fleet. He can only use the last resort to kill Zhu Yuanzhang!
He has learned through intelligence that Zhu Yuanzhang's flagship has been painted white. As long as he concentrates all his forces to attack the white warship and kill Zhu Yuanzhang, he will win!
But when he arrived at the battlefield, he was stunned. Overnight, many warships in Zhu Yuanzhang's army were painted white, and it was no longer possible to recognize which one was the flagship.
Before he could finish his daze, Zhu Yuanzhang had already ordered the army to launch a general offensive. Encouraged by the results of the previous two days, Zhu Yuanzhang's army was extremely brave. They used a large number of ship splitting tactics and took advantage of the inflexible movement of Chen Youliang's giant ship to continuously sink Chen Youliang.
The army had many warships. The battle lasted from early morning to night. Chen Youliang's army finally failed and retreated completely.
This ended the first phase of the Poyang Lake War. Chen Youliang was defeated and forced to retreat to Zhuxi on the west bank of Poyang Lake.
Chen Youliang’s failure
Chen Youliang fell into despair, not only military despair, but also despair in life. His long-standing behavior pattern told him that as long as he was evil and ruthless, he could gain everything, but the facts were before him, and the seemingly vulnerable Hong Dushou
After living for three months, Zhang Ziming, who looked so weak, was actually not afraid of death.
Am I wrong?
No, it's impossible, it's just an accident, I can't be wrong.
But what happened next forced him to admit his mistake.
His subordinate General Jinwu led his army to surrender to Zhu Yuanzhang.
After Chen Youliang heard the news, his anger covered all his reason. He ordered all soldiers and generals who caught Zhu Yuanzhang to be executed on the spot!
After Zhu Yuanzhang learned of this order, he issued a contrary order. All prisoners captured by Chen Youliang's army would be treated well and then let go.
The issuance of these two orders completely destroyed Chen Youliang's military morale. The soldiers were extremely dissatisfied with Chen Youliang and fled one after another.
Chen Youliang waited on the west bank for a long time, and fought with Zhu Yuanzhang for more than thirty days, but did not wait for any chance. On the contrary, his soldiers continued to decrease, and the generals no longer loyal to him.
On August 26, he finally made a decision: run away!
He took one last look at the vast lake. His dream and ambition to dominate the world were shattered. The huge fleet and 600,000 troops that came there were now only defeated soldiers. For the hero Chen Youliang, this was actually not a big deal.
It's nothing. If you don't have soldiers, you can recruit more, and you can rebuild ships. What he doesn't understand is, why did he fail?
I don’t lack the strategy to control my subordinates, and I don’t have the kindness of a woman; I dare to kill everyone who blocks my progress without fear of others’ words, which is something ordinary people cannot do; I am more evil-minded than all others, why?
Failure? I already have the strongest army and war machine, why would my subordinates betray me?
Chen Youliang will never find the answer, because the answer lies in his behavior pattern. From the moment he killed his brother and leader, his generals have fully understood his code, which is: who has the power
, whoever is more vicious can control everything! Benevolence, morality, and integrity do not exist. When these behaviors were regarded as the creed of life by his generals, his army became a collection of thousands of vicious Chen Youliangs.
Such a collective is similar to the Xingxiu sect in Jin Yong's novels. Once Chen Youliang is unlucky, everyone will not continue to be loyal to him, but will step on him severely, adding insult to injury.
Of course, Chen Youliang was not worthless to them after his failure, at least his head was still valuable.
Chen Youliang was sinister and vicious, and his generals were even more sinister and vicious than him. Chen Youliang was superstitious in ruling everything with violence, and his generals were even more superstitious in violence than he was.
When the basis of his survival - violence - was overthrown, he no longer had any trump card, and only destruction awaited him.
The experienced Zhang Xueliang once used his life experience to tell young people in Japan: Don't believe in violence. History has proven that violence cannot solve problems.
I believe that this is the fundamental reason for Chen Youliang's failure.
Chen Youliang led the army hoping to retreat. The breakthrough point he chose was Hukou, but at this time Chen Youliang was not the original Chen Youliang. He fought desperately and suffered heavy losses before he could barely open the Hukou passage.
At this time, he breathed a sigh of relief. But Zhu Yuanzhang would not let him go.
Zhu Yuanzhang had been beaten by Chen Youliang for many years. He had long hated him and was determined to put him to death, so he personally led an army of more than 100,000 to pursue him.
After Chen Youliang heard the news, he personally came out and stood on the bow of the ship to direct the battle. At this moment, a cold arrow shot through his head.
That's the end of it.
No, things shouldn't be like this. Did I do something wrong?
After Chen Youliang's death, Zhang Dingbian fulfilled his responsibility. He snatched the bodies of Chen Youliang's sons Chen Li and Chen Youliang and brought them back to Wuchang.
At this point, the Battle of Poyang Lake, which lasted for thirty-six days, ended with Zhu Yuanzhang's complete victory and Chen Youliang's complete defeat.
This battle laid the foundation for Zhu Yuanzhang's ambition to dominate the world. The Battle of Poyang Lake has also been recorded in history as one of the most famous battles in Chinese history.
For Zhu Yuanzhang's victory, the people living around him naturally had their own explanations. Since the decisive battle took place at Kanglang Mountain, the people believed that the fundamental reason for Chen Youliang's failure was the poor choice of location: "Pig (Zhu) sees chaff (Kang).
, overjoyed." That's why Chen Youliang failed. If Chen Youliang knew anything about it, he would probably be very angry.
Zhu Yuanzhang did not let go of Chen Youliang's descendant Chen Li, even though he could not bring any threat to Zhu Yuanzhang. Although it is important to cut off the grass, it is also necessary to remove the roots.
In February of the 24th year of Zhizheng (1364), Zhu Yuanzhang personally rushed to Wuchang, Chen Youliang's last territory, where Chen Li was located, to supervise the battle. Coach Zhang Dingbian was indeed a veteran at seizing the opportunity. Seeing that the situation was not good, he surrendered with Chen Li
Already.
Zhu Yuanzhang finally defeated his most troublesome enemy in China, Chen Youliang.
"The world is settled!"
It is worth mentioning that Zhang Dingbian retained his loyalty to Chen Youliang until the end, and partially fulfilled his promise to become a sworn sworn disciple. He refused Zhu Yuanzhang's appointment, went to do the job that Zhu Yuanzhang originally did, and became a monk.
The irony is that he seemed to be fighting against Zhu Yuanzhang and lived until the fifteenth year of Yongle (1417) before he died at the age of one hundred. After Zhu Yuanzhang died, he lived for twenty years, which was regarded as repayment to Chen Youliang.
Qiu. You can learn from this. When you meet someone you hate so much and want to kill him with a knife, use Zhang Dingbian’s deeds to encourage yourself. Don’t be angry, cultivate your character, and live longer than him.
Let's look back at Chen Youliang's life and give him a fair evaluation.
There is no doubt that Chen Youliang is a bad guy in the traditional sense, but in those troubled times, his behavioral rules were the common choices at that time. If he wanted to survive, this seemed to be an inevitable choice. His mistake was to turn this kind of behavior into a bad person.
The law developed to the extreme, until he became obsessed. Superstition of violence and lack of basic integrity made him lose his heart.
But he is also a real hero. He has done all kinds of bad things, but he dared to do them (later Zhu Yuanzhang was not able to do it). He has extremely strong military and political talents. He was able to resist the rule of the Yuan Dynasty from beginning to end, and never surrendered to the Yuan Dynasty.
Compromised and persisted until the end.
From this perspective, he is also a good man.
It's a pity that in this troubled world, he is just a hero, and the real hero is Zhu Yuanzhang.
How is a landlord made?
At this time, Zhu Yuanzhang was no longer the poor peasant and beggar, he had become a landlord. How he became a landlord involves a historical law of feudal society, which we need to explore.
After relaxing, I hope to tell you about the events of the Ming Dynasty and some institutional rules, so it’s good to talk about these issues that have a certain depth. In the final analysis, you can understand what is going on in the Ming Dynasty. Of course,
Still using my narrative method, I believe that no matter how profound and abstract the analysis of laws and systems is, it can be expressed in popular language so that everyone on the earth can understand it.
In feudal society, after the success of the peasant uprising, those peasant leaders who aimed to divide the land equally became big landlords. For thousands of years, history was nothing more than the landlords surnamed Liu driving away the landlords surnamed Xiang, and the landlords surnamed Li replacing them.
There is no exception for landlords named Yang. This seems to be a curse.
To explain this problem, you can write an article. The name of the article should be "On the Change of Land Production Relations and the Redistribution of Land Contract Subordination after the Peasant Uprising." Of course, if anyone has read such an article, that is
It's a question mark, so I'll explain it in another way.
For example, Zhang San, a peasant leader, gathered 30,000 people after the uprising and occupied a piece of land. There was one thing he had to do, which was to eat. Because the peasant uprising army is also an army and a human being. As a human being, he must eat. Why?
How about feeding 30,000 people? At this time, Zhang San’s most direct solution should be to rob the landlord’s house of food. But the problem is that the landlord’s house is not a bank’s cash machine. He can withdraw as much as he wants, robbing the landlord of everything.
, what to eat?
The landlord's family doesn't have any food left.
At this time, all Zhang San had was land, and all the grain had been eaten up. He had to summon the farmers, allocate the land to them, and then collect rent from them. So the farmer leader Zhang San became the land advocate.
three.
In the feudal society of China, there was no other choice, either to be a farmer or to be a landlord. Businessmen could certainly be another choice, but businessmen did not form an independent political force at that time. They could not put forward their own political ideas.
It is also impossible to go to a group of hungry peasants and ask them to fight for the rights of businessmen. It is also impossible for peasants in feudal society to demand the implementation of capitalism.
This tells us that behind every proposition, there is some kind of power or interest group. For example, real estate developers will definitely say that housing prices will continue to rise, and telecommunications companies will definitely say that their charges are very cheap. And farmers’
The only options are farming or rent collection.
A famous historian once said that the two thousand years of peasant uprisings were just for a piece of land.