Those Things in the Ming Dynasty Part 1 The Great Emperor Hongwu _ Chapter 22 The Secret Behind the System
Zhu Yuanzhang was a system person.
He was great and diligent. Throughout his life, he not only formulated complete laws, but also successfully popularized them.
We have said before that Zhu Yuanzhang formulated the "Da Ming Code" and stipulated five types of punishments, namely whipping, rod, disciple, exile, and death. Translated into modern language, it means beating people with small bamboo sticks, beating people with big wooden boards, and fixed-term imprisonment.
Exile, death penalty. Of course, according to Zhu Yuanzhang's character, he would not be satisfied with these punishments. These five are just formal punishments, and there are many other tricks. They have been introduced before, so I won't go into more details here.
In the legal education in the early Ming Dynasty, the most important thing was not the "Da Ming Law", but a book called "Da Gao".
The so-called "Da Gao" is that Zhu Yuanzhang collected more than 10,000 cases of criminals, compiled their criminal processes and punishment methods into a volume, and distributed it widely.
According to the classification of jurisprudence, the "Da Gao" uses cases, which should belong to case law. From this point of view, Zhu Yuanzhang still has a tendency of the Anglo-American legal system. Zhu Yuanzhang correctly realized that it is impossible for ordinary people to memorize those provisions, and
These cases are vivid and specific, and each one has a name. People can read them as leisure readings after eating, just like we like to read detective stories today. More importantly, it also details the various methods used on these prisoners.
Torture, such as scraping the skin with an iron brush, removing the intestines, skinning and other special behavioral arts, is enough to make people spit out what they have just eaten, and then swear not to break the law in this life.
It is indeed a pioneering work to write the crimes and punishment methods of prisoners into the "Da Gao" and serve as a warning.
But the problem still exists, because people at that time were generally not well educated. Illiterates accounted for the majority of the population. There was no Hope Project. Those who had attended elementary school (private school) were already very good. You can often see it on TV. At the gate of the city
Posting a notice, one person reads it, and countless people listen, not because the person reading it is eloquent, but because everyone is illiterate. This is in line with objective facts. The quality of the people is low, and even popular cases are very poor.
Difficult to popularize.
No matter how good Zhu Yuanzhang was, he could not replace so many people listening and reading. This was really a difficult problem to solve. But strange people are strange people, and Zhu Yuanzhang solved the problem with an incredible method.
The specific operation of his method is as follows: For example, Zhang San has committed a crime and should be punished. The county magistrate has already convicted him. The next step should be to go to jail for those who should be jailed, or to be exiled for those who should be exiled. However, the police officers are not busy, and they still have to do something.
One thing is to take Zhang San to his home to look for something. What is he looking for?
This is the "Da Gao". If you find it, congratulations to Zhang San: if he was originally sentenced to exile, he would not have to go and go back to the cell to go to jail; if it was the crime of beheading, he could save his life.
On the other hand, if you don't have this book at home, you're doomed. If Zhang San is sentenced to exile, the guards will first congratulate him for saving a fortune in transportation expenses, and then take him out and click his head off.
In fact, from a legal point of view, having this book at home means that you understand the law. According to convention, knowing the law and breaking the law should be an aggravating circumstance. However, at the time, this was the best method that Zhu Yuanzhang could come up with.
Zhu Yuanzhang successfully popularized the Code in this way. Although the specific effect may not be very good, he made an attempt after all.
Zhu Yuanzhang’s special regulations
During the Hongwu period, Zhu Yuanzhang stipulated many strange systems. If he wrote them all down, it would probably take hundreds of thousands of words, so I will only briefly introduce a few. Behind these systems, there is a profound meaning.
At that time, when a person died, one could not just say that he was dead. The identity of the person had to be considered first. The specific regulations are as follows:
The death of the emperor is called collapse, the death of princes and nobles is called death, the death of ministers is called pawn, the death of soldiers is called bulu, and the death of common people is called death.
This regulation created a lot of trouble for people. For example, at the funeral of an official at that time, a mourning hall was set up and everyone worshiped. At that time, many people engaged in "crash funerals." The so-called "crash funerals" refer to the people worshiping and those who died.
Some people are not familiar with them, and some do not know them at all. But if they are officials in the same dynasty, and the deceased is the most important, no matter whether they are good or bad, they all go to pay homage. The specific operation process is as follows:
Enter the mourning hall and see clearly the location of the shrine. If you don’t know the person, you must first remember the name on the shrine, then kneel down and cry: Brother so-and-so (be sure to remember the correct name), why are you dead?
,Brother, I came a step late.
If you say this, everyone will suspect that you are here to cause trouble. You are worshiping an official. How can you use the term "common people"?
The correct way is this. When you enter the mourning hall, first ask your family members: What was your father's previous position?
The family member replied: My father was originally a doctor in the Military Selection Department of the Ministry of War.
At this time, I knew in my heart that this was a fifth-grade official and he should use "pawn".
Then say goodbye.
Don't be busy, I have one more question: Does your master have a hereditary title?
The family member replied: My master has assumed the title of earl.
Then he went to the shrine, knelt down and cried loudly: Brother so-and-so, why did you die? Brother, I was a step too late.
Done.
In fact, there were regulations on titles in previous dynasties, but they were not implemented seriously. During the Hongwu period, if you violated these system regulations, you would be in big trouble. In addition to titles, the common people at that time were also divided into several categories.
career allocation system
People at that time can be roughly divided according to their occupations: civilian households, military households, and craftsman households.
Among them, civilian households include Confucian households, medical households, etc., military households include school captains, warriors, archers, shop soldiers, etc., and craftsman households are divided into craftsman households, kitchen servant households, tailor households, etc.
The division of these households is very strict, mainly for the convenience of hiring people. If you want to fight, you will call military households, and if you need to repair projects, you will call craftsmen households. It seems that there is no problem, but in fact it has great flaws.
For example, if you are a military household, your son must also be a military household. What if you don’t have a son? This is simple, see if there are any men among your relatives, and just pick one to make up the number. If you don’t even have any relatives, then it’s okay.
I can’t finish the calculation. In short, you must find someone to work as a military household, kidnap, deceive, and take you on the streets. Where to find him is your own business.
Another example is that you are a cook in a craftsman's household, but you say you don't know how to cook. That doesn't matter. As long as the number of people is right, it will be fine. I won't eat the food you cook anyway, so who will?
I don’t care if I have diarrhea after eating.
Such a division is unscientific. Not only cannot transfer between large households such as civilian households and military households, but also different occupations within the same household cannot be transferred. In case of war, archers must be called in. However, these people have never practiced bowing since childhood.
There is nothing we can do, just give each person a bow and use it. The combat effectiveness of such an army cannot be guaranteed, and if doctors are summoned, if all the doctors summoned are those who do not know medical skills, lives will be lost.
.
These are ordinary people, and officials are not at ease either. They have strict rules on how to dress, color match, materials, and patterns. If you violate them, you will be beheaded.
For example, the number of beams on the crown of the court dress, seven beams for the first grade, six beams for the second grade, decreases downwards, no more, no less. This dress is worn for sacrificial ceremonies. In normal times, public uniforms must be worn when going to court, and the regulations on public uniforms are also very strict.
It's complicated. From the first to the ninth rank, from civil servants to military attachés, the colors of the clothes are different, the patterns are different, the flower diameters are different, and the patches on the clothes are also different.
It’s not easy after returning home. You can’t walk around in pajamas and the like. You have to wear regular clothes. You can’t wear regular clothes casually. There are also regulations for different grades, such as belts. For the first grade, use jade, and for the second grade, use rhinoceros. The following are
Not the same.
If you accidentally wear ordinary clothes to go to court, or wear public clothes to perform sacrifices, tie the wrong belt, or wear yellow underwear, as long as someone finds out, it is a serious mistake and you may be beheaded.
In addition to these systems, Zhu Yuanzhang also set strict regulations for his subjects. Although he was the emperor, he assigned tasks to almost all administrative agencies in the country, including administrative duties, judicial decisions, warehousing preparations, and population statistics.
Even street cleaning is assigned to people one by one.
Not only that, he also explained in detail how to do the work, which is equivalent to the instructions that come with buying electrical appliances today. He listed them one by one without exhaustion. For example, what should be paid attention to when counting people, how to conduct verification, common methods of concealing the population, etc.
Everything is listed out. It is estimated that if it is more detailed, he will also stipulate how to use the broom when cleaning the streets and which foot to step first when going out. From this point of view, working under Zhu Yuanzhang is not tiring. I believe that as long as he is not an idiot,
Anyone who can understand the instructions distributed by Zhu Yuanzhang can do a good job.
In addition, he also banned farmers from entering the city to work, stipulated that all ordinary people could only move within their own living areas, and set up checkpoints on all traffic arteries. If people want to go out of the specified areas, they must have a road guide issued by the government. This thing can
Be sure to keep it. If you lose it, the soldiers guarding the checkpoint will directly treat you as a fugitive and take you away to the army. You will not be able to reach your destination, and you will not have to go back home. It is very likely that in a few years, this person will be lost.
Yin's brother also stood at the checkpoint as an inspector.
Yes, what Zhu Yuanzhang wanted to establish was a social structure with clear hierarchy, strict order, and almost rigidity. In this structure, farmers could only farm, businessmen could only do business, and officials should do their jobs according to regulations. No one could
Crossing the line. The division of military households, civilian households, and craftsmen households determined that finding a job was never a problem in that era. You didn’t have to go to great lengths to design a resume, wash your face, put on a tie and go to the interview. Because except for those who were good at reading
In addition, everyone's job is decided at the moment of reincarnation. Whatever your father does, you will do too.
This is a nearly perfect model. In this model, everyone performs their duties without interfering with each other. They are like countless parallel lines that never intersect, forming a powerful Ming Empire. These systems are strict and thoughtful.
Even today, it is a model.
We have to admire Zhu Yuanzhang. He not only conquered the country, but also worked hard to formulate such perfect rules and regulations. His purpose is also very clear:
I, Zhu Yuanzhang, have solved all the problems of the Ming Empire for you. The system has been established and the methods have been established. The descendants of future generations can just do the same. It doesn’t matter if I work harder, you can just wait and enjoy the blessings.
Unfortunately, models are always just models.
loopholes in the rules
In this world, there is never anything perfect. Every system has flaws and every system has loopholes. Zhu Yuanzhang's system is no exception.
Facts have proved that his system cannot stand the test of time, and there have been many surprises that Zhu Yuanzhang himself could not have dreamed of.
Zhu Yuanzhang abolished the prime minister system and limited the power of ministers. However, the Ming cabinet was more authoritarian than any previous prime minister.
Zhu Yuanzhang stipulated that ordinary people were not allowed to move around, but in the middle and late Ming Dynasty, refugees became popular and wandered around without any restrictions.
Zhu Yuanzhang promulgated regulations to inhibit commercial development and stipulated that merchants were not allowed to wear expensive clothes such as silk. However, large-scale industrial and commercial development began in the Ming Dynasty, but those merchants who were supposed to be at the bottom of society wore gold and silver, and even
Enter the palace and do business as an official.
Zhu Yuanzhang strictly ordered eunuchs not to interfere in politics, but all the eunuchs in the Ming Dynasty were heavyweights (this is related to his abolition of the power of the prime minister).
Zhu Yuanzhang prepared titles and salaries for all his descendants. However, more than a hundred years later, many of his descendants fell into poverty and fell into poverty.
These systems that Zhu Yuanzhang thought could be used for thousands of years have disappeared in just over a hundred years. Even his successors no longer strictly abide by these regulations. They say that Taizu's laws will remain unchanged for thousands of years, but in fact
Everyone had their own ways of doing things. Occasionally, one or two people would clamor for restoration of the ancestral system without enlightenment, but what they got in return was ridiculing looks from everyone, even the emperor at the time didn't take it seriously.
In fact, in order to ensure that his system model could be implemented, Zhu Yuanzhang formulated severe punishment measures for those who dared to change or violate. For example, he once explicitly stipulated that eunuchs who interfered with politics would be killed; those who dared to propose the establishment of a prime minister would be killed.
; and so on. But these harshly worded regulations have never really come into play. The eunuchs still carry out government affairs as usual, and the cabinet still exercises the power of the prime minister. If this road fails, they will take a detour. No one takes Taizu's law seriously.
What makes Zhu Yuanzhang even more unexpected is that the things he prescribed often develop in the opposite direction. As the saying goes, what you are afraid of will come. There seems to be an invisible opponent in front of Zhu Yuanzhang. Zhu Yuanzhang wants to go east, but this opponent wants to go west.
Zhu Yuanzhang wanted to eat, but his opponent gave him water.
This opponent is not nihilistic. We mentioned its name before - the law of history.
If we carefully analyze the systems formulated by Zhu Yuanzhang, we will find many problems. For example, he stipulated that businessmen were not allowed to wear good clothes and restricted the political status of businessmen. If they violated it, they would be severely punished.
But is this provision really feasible?
Peasants have the right to wear veils, but they cannot afford to buy them. Although businessmen have a low status, they have money, and only with money can they afford those expensive things. Peasants have no money, so the so-called rights become empty words. They can’t even eat.
If you don’t necessarily have enough to eat, how can you talk about what clothes to wear? Isn’t this just making the poor happy? (Although this is not his intention.)
There are many similar system flaws. These systems themselves do not have any major problems, but unfortunately they do not necessarily adapt to changes in circumstances. Because the income of the imperial court continues to increase and the economy continues to develop, on this basis, people's lives
Methods and behaviors will also change, and the system that sticks to the rules will eventually be eliminated by history.
The set of policies formulated by Zhu Yuanzhang were adapted to the situation in the early Ming Dynasty. Facts have proved that these systems promoted the recovery and development of production. However, Zhu Yuanzhang was only a capable person, but not a superman, and he did not know any tricks such as super powers.
The process of history cannot be stagnated. When he passes down these systems and methods of his as "unchangeable laws throughout the ages," these outdated gadgets will become absurd and inapplicable in the eyes of future generations, and become a stumbling block.
Zhu Yuanzhang had many powerful opponents in his life, such as the tenacious Zhang Shicheng, the ferocious Chen Youliang, the entangled Bei Yuan, the cunning Hu Weiyong, and the arrogant Lan Yu. These people were all outstanding men of their generation, but they were all defeated by Zhu Yuanzhang.
.Until he encountered the last enemy-the rules of history.
In the course of history, the God of Destiny will select some people from all living beings and give them the opportunity to make contributions. If you are selected, it is really a lucky thing. But you must also realize that this is a cruel battle.
In the competition, when the opportunity comes, if you want to really make a difference, you must be better and stronger than others, because there is only one final winner.
One night more than forty years ago, the God of Destiny came to Zhu Chongba's bedside and handed him a sword and a key. It told Zhu Chongba: Use the sword to overthrow the brutal Yuan Dynasty, and use the key.
Go and open that new door, you will build your own dynasty and get the glory you deserve!
Zhu Chongba solemnly accepted these two gifts. He lived up to the expectations of the God of Destiny. During those long and arduous years, he used his genius military and political talents to defeat all competitors and win the final victory.
of victory.
He is no longer the impoverished Zhu Chongba, but the powerful founding emperor Zhu Yuanzhang! He believes that he has enough power to change the original rules and create his own system.
But he was wrong. No matter how powerful he was, in the eyes of history, he was just a small pawn.
He can influence a few people forever, and he can influence many people temporarily, but he cannot influence many people forever.
There is no doubt that Zhu Yuanzhang was the most outstanding figure of that era. He had outstanding military and political talents and was full of energy. He was in power for thirty-one years and handled government affairs diligently day and night. With a combination of genius and diligence, there are still many things in the world.
Is there anything he can't do?
He believed that he could control everything and change everything. He had already won the favor of the God of Destiny with his talents and became the ruler of this vast land. But he was not satisfied, so he created a whole set of things according to his own imagination.
Unique social system and structure. He believes that, just like in the past, he will win and things will go according to his vision.
However, this opponent of historical rules is different from the previous opponents. It is invisible but everywhere. It did not provoke Zhu Yuanzhang, a fierce man, but continued to pester Zhu Yuanzhang's descendants, and Zhu Yuanzhang's system also changed over time.
It became riddled with holes under hardship, and eventually lost control and restraint. History stubbornly followed its own logical path.
Facts have proved that Zhu Yuanzhang failed in this struggle.
What’s the reason? The answer may seem unfathomable, but it’s actually very simple:
Because Zhu Yuanzhang was only the executor of history, he was not the creator of history.
Even if there is no Zhu Yuanzhang, there will be Li Yuanzhang and Wang Yuanzhang to complete the mission of history, overthrow the old dynasty and establish a new empire. History is a hospitable host, but it never allows guests to take its place. History has never been a hospitable host.
A person or a few people can control creation. The saying that times create heroes is actually a wise saying.
The person who really controls history is not Zhu Yuanzhang, but the old farmers who work hard in the rice fields, the businessmen who travel in official circles, the officials who give advice in the court, and the students who study hard under the lonely lamp.
Most of them are destined to be unknown and unable to leave their names in history, but they are the real masters of history.
From ancient times to the present, there are no exceptions.
After deconstructing Zhu Yuanzhang's system, let us return to the Hongwu era. There are still some events that have a profound impact on later generations that must be described.
The terrifying Jinyiwei
Spy politics was a characteristic of the Ming Dynasty, and its representative organization was Jinyiwei.
The name Jinyiwei is just a historical concept to us, but people in the Ming Dynasty became very angry when they mentioned this name. This is a peculiar organization. It was originally just an army, one of the twenty-six guards of the emperor's personal army.
These troops were commanded by the emperor himself and each had their own responsibilities.
Ordinarily, a pro-junior should be by the emperor's side all day long, which is a good profession. However, you should not think that becoming a pro-military will lead to a successful career. For example, the Xiaoling Guards among the twenty-six guards of the pro-military are guarding the tombs. They can only fight with the emperor all day long.
Dealing with the mausoleum; if you are unfortunate enough to be selected into the Xiaoling Guard, you may never see the living emperor in your lifetime.
In comparison, the Jinyiwei is much more powerful. It is the emperor's bodyguard, responsible for protection when traveling. In addition, it is also an honor guard, responsible for etiquette when going to court. All members of the Jinyiwei are neatly dressed, wearing flying fish suits and embroidered spring knives.
Precisely because the Jinyiwei shouldered such important responsibilities and were all close to the emperor, they gradually became the emperor's eyes and ears, responsible for gathering intelligence and punishing ministers.
The scary thing about this organization is that they are not under the jurisdiction of any department. They only obey the emperor's command.
Two people, fourteen people from a thousand households, these are the senior leaders of Jinyiwei.
Those who joined Jinyiwei in the early Ming Dynasty were subject to strict review and interviews. They had to ensure that they were good citizens and had no criminal record. They were carefully selected and trained in various ways. Only those who successfully passed these tests could become Jinyiwei.
The main responsibility of the Jinyiwei is to detect the actions of the ministers and report to the emperor at any time; they also control the "court staff" and are responsible for punishing ministers who violate the emperor's will. In the eyes of the ministers, this group of people is extremely terrifying. During the Hongwu period,
If a royal guard comes to the minister's home, he will pack his clothes, say goodbye to his family, and then leave never to return.
In addition, Jin Yiwei was also responsible for collecting military intelligence and instigating high-ranking enemy officers. For example, in the later Wanli Korean War, Jin Yiwei was very active and collected a large amount of Japanese military intelligence, which contributed to the victory of the war.
Another scary thing about the Jinyiwei is that they are not under the jurisdiction of judicial organs and can arrest prisoners by themselves, try and sentence them. Before arresting the prisoner, the Jinyiwei commander will issue a so-called "driving notice". You may have read this in "New Dragon Gate"
I saw this thing in "Inn". It should be noted that the "driving ticket" is not proof of identity, but an arrest warrant.
The Jin Yiwei can hold this object to arrest criminals without anyone's hindrance. If there is resistance, they can kill without mercy. Because the Jin Yiwei has almost all powers, both the Ministry of Punishment and Dali Temple will stay away from the Jin Yiwei when they see them.
Jinyiwei also has its own prison, called the "Edict Prison". This prison is so famous that it even surpasses the Heavenly Prison of the Ministry of Punishment, because those who can be imprisoned in this prison are not ordinary people. They are often either loyal or kind or traitorous.
Great evil.
Facts have proved that the work efficiency of these people is indeed very high. In the case of Hu Weiyong and Lan Yu, the Jin Yiwei went out day and night, snooping around, and found many so-called accomplices with the spirit of not being afraid of killing the wrong ones, but only fearing to kill the mistakes.
Executed one by one. These two cases also greatly enhanced the reputation of Jinyiwei.
There is no doubt that this is a group of terrible people. They hold great power and are not subject to the jurisdiction of anyone except the emperor. They are the emperor's important ruling tools.
However, Zhu Yuanzhang, the founder of this organization, was deeply aware of the dangers of spy politics. He knew that if left unchecked, the binding and authoritative nature of national laws would be gone. So in the 26th year of Hongwu, he ordered the removal of the Jinyi Guards.
, and ordered that all judicial proceedings must be carried out by judicial organs (the imperial edict is that no one in the inner and outer prisons can go to the Jinyiwei, Xiaoxianjing Law Division).
In order to show his determination to abolish Jinyiwei, Zhu Yuanzhang also burned the torture instruments of Jinyiwei in public to show that he would never reopen it.
However, once many things are started, it is difficult to finish.
This unique institution, Jinyiwei, will play an important role in the subsequent history of the Ming Dynasty. We will often deal with it in the future, so let’s put it down now.
An ally joins
Just as Zhu Yuanzhang was gradually solving domestic problems, an unexpected thing happened on the northeastern border of the Ming Empire, which would have a profound impact on the subsequent development of the Ming Dynasty.
The place where the incident took place was the Kingdom of Goryeo.
The Kingdom of Goryeo was established by Wang Jian in the 10th century AD. This dynasty replaced the previous Kingdom of Silla and has continued to this day. However, the relationship between the Goryeo Dynasty and the Ming Dynasty was not good. This has historical reasons.
After the establishment of the Yuan Dynasty, the rulers of the Yuan Dynasty sent troops to attack Goryeo. Goryeo was ultimately defeated and was forced to submit to the Mongolian Yuan Dynasty. The rulers of the Yuan Dynasty, in accordance with their consistent policies, merged Goryeo, which was originally a subordinate country, into the Yuan Dynasty's Eastern Expedition Province.
The Yuan Dynasty also arbitrarily abolished the king of Goryeo, with the purpose of firmly controlling Goryeo through royal intermarriage. This is what they thought and did. From the time of Emperor Shizu of the Yuan Dynasty to the end of the Yuan Dynasty, the emperors of the Yuan Dynasty married seven princesses.
King of Goryeo.
From this point of view, the marriage tactic is always useful. If one day the two sides get into a fight, all we need to do is pull out the seven aunts and eight aunts, read the family tree, and find out that you are my sister's son's cousin's neighbor, etc.
Wait, you can make the other party stunned, withdraw your troops and go home.
The goal of the Yuan Dynasty was achieved. After a long period of blind introduction and blood distribution, the three generations of Goryeo kings all had the royal blood of the Yuan Dynasty. Of course, if you want to figure out which generation they are from, and how to call each other, you still have to look up the family tree.
Precisely because of the blood connection between the Goryeo royal family and the Yuan Dynasty royal family, Goryeo remained attached to the Yuan Dynasty after Zhu Yuanzhang established the Ming Dynasty and the Yuan Dynasty rulers were driven out of the Central Plains.
Zhu Yuanzhang understood the importance of a stable border. After the establishment of the Ming Dynasty, he sent envoys to Goryeo to inform them of the country's name and era, with the intention of establishing a suzerain-vassal relationship with Goryeo.
In the face of stakes, kinship may not necessarily work, and the development of things has once again proved this.
Seeing the defeat of the Yuan Dynasty, King Wang Zhuan of the Goryeo Dynasty severed relations with the Yuan Dynasty, was canonized by the Ming Dynasty, and took the opportunity to get rid of the slavery of the Yuan Dynasty. However, things always had twists and turns. There were many people in the Goryeo Dynasty who were relatives of the rulers of the Yuan Dynasty.
Naturally, they were unwilling to be controlled by the Ming Dynasty. So the pro-Yuan and pro-Ming forces launched a struggle that lasted for more than ten years.
Later Wang Zhuan's ten-year-old adopted son Jiangning Jun Xinyu succeeded to the throne. This king was inclined to the Northern Yuan Dynasty, but in order not to offend the Ming Dynasty, he also sent an envoy to ask for a posthumous title for his father (the posthumous title of the King of Goryeo was
(Example confirmed by the Ming Dynasty). Things originally went smoothly. The Ming Dynasty sent envoys Lin Mi and Cai Bin to Goryeo. However, these two people were robbed on their way back from Goryeo. Not only were their belongings robbed, but they were also killed.
Dropped.
Ordinarily, this matter was not necessarily done by Goryeo, because doing these tasks on one's own territory would be equivalent to writing down at the crime scene that the murderer was so-and-so, which is too ostentatious. I am afraid that this matter was done by someone sent by Beiyuan.
But is Zhu Yuanzhang easy to offend? The conspiracy was actually brought to his head, how could he give up! He was furious and withdrew the posthumous title given to Wang Zhuan, saying that he would never recognize Xin Yu's status as king. Korea was also full of bitterness and had no choice.
However, he had no choice but to apply for a title from the Northern Yuan Dynasty and was granted the title of King of Goryeo and Prime Minister Zuo of the Eastern Province.
At this point, the Ming Dynasty and the Goryeo Kingdom broke off, and both sides showed their weapons. Seeing that a war was about to start again, although the swords were not negotiable, the people with swords could negotiate.
The King of Goryeo decided to take action. In the 20th year of Hongwu, Feng Sheng and Lan Yu led the army to defeat Naha Chu and took control of Liaodong. They set up the Tieling Guard Command in Liaodong and controlled Tieling. This is a sensitive area because Tieling
During the Yuan Dynasty, it was the national boundary between the Yuan Dynasty and Goryeo. Goryeo had always wanted to occupy this buffer zone, and the Ming Dynasty's military operations undoubtedly disrupted the Goryeo Dynasty's wishful thinking.
After all, King Xin Yu of Goryeo had little political experience, so he actually went to Zhu Yuanzhang to ask for the territory of Tieling. This request made Zhu Yuanzhang laugh and cry. He had fought for decades just for a few pieces of territory, but the young emperor unexpectedly wanted to find the territory.
Zhu Yuanzhang, who was not even willing to pay more, wanted land.
As can be imagined, Zhu Yuanzhang sternly rejected the envoy. This King of Goryeo was really strong-blooded. He ordered the mobilization of various armies to conquer Liaodong in the 21st year of Hongwu (1388).
So how many people are there in this expeditionary force? According to the "Records of Taizu of the Li Dynasty", there are only nearly 40,000 people in this force. And their enemy, the Ming army stationed in Liaodong, just defeated Naha's 200,000 yuan
After Beiyuan had been defeated and retreated to the desert, how could the Goryeo expeditionary force confront this battle-hardened Ming army?
But Xin Yu didn't seem to think too much. He probably calculated the combat effectiveness based on the ratio of one to ten of the Goryeo army.
From this point of view, Xin Yu's understanding of the situation at that time was relatively confused, but the generals he sent to fight were not confused.
At least Li Chenggui is not confused.
The commanders of this army were Cao Minxiu and Li Chenggui, who were appointed commanders of the left and right armies respectively. Li Chenggui had always opposed breaking with the Ming Dynasty, and he tried his best to dissuade him but failed. As a general, he clearly understood that attacking Liaodong
It was an egg hitting a stone, but under pressure from his superiors, he still led the army to go on the expedition.
After the army arrived at Tieling, Li Chenggui did not launch an attack. He had other plans.
The general who commanded the army first got through Cao Minxiu's work, and then gritted his teeth, stamped his feet, and rebelled!
He led the army back to his hometown, deposed Xin Yu, and established his own dynasty, which was the famous Li Dynasty.
In order to win the support of the Ming Dynasty, Li Chenggui sent an envoy to declare his vassalage to the Ming Dynasty. He submitted his credentials to Zhu Yuanzhang. The new man had a new atmosphere. Li Chenggui abolished the title of Goryeo. This new dynasty needed a new name.
This solemn mission fell on Zhu Yuanzhang. After careful consideration, he decided on a new name for this dynasty - Korea, which means "the country of Korea and Japan".
From then on, this name became the unified name of the kingdom and continues to this day. Zhu Yuanzhang personally ordered: North Korea is a country that will never be conquered. The Ming Dynasty and North Korea officially used the Yalu River as the border. North Korea respected the Ming Dynasty as the Celestial Dynasty and adopted the name of the next year. Since then, the successive kings of North Korea have succeeded
After ascending to the throne, envoys were sent to the Ming Dynasty to obtain confirmation and title from the Ming Emperor.
Zhu Yuanzhang and Li Chenggui confirmed the harmonious and friendly relations between the Ming Dynasty and North Korea, and also made a promise that both sides would help each other. Later history proved that they both kept their promises.
Li Chenggui's founding actions and the establishment of harmonious relations between the Ming Dynasty and North Korea had an impact on the subsequent development of the Ming Dynasty, and in a sense, also promoted the development of the TV drama industry.
In 1506, more than a hundred years after Li Chenggui established the Li Dynasty, Li Chao Zhongzong succeeded to the throne. During his thirty-eight years as king, there was a medical officer who made a great career with his own efforts. Four hundred
Many years later, the medical officer's deeds were made into a TV series, which became popular and was called "Dae Jang Geum".
Korea became a vassal state of the Ming Dynasty, and the Northern Yuan Dynasty was also beaten to death and hid in the desert eating sand all day long. The powerful Ming Dynasty finally settled the borders of the empire. After hundreds of years since the prosperity of the Tang Dynasty, the Central Plains regime
Finally no longer afraid of the attacks of nomads, a huge empire once again stood up. It used its own strength to ensure that the country's subjects could live and work in peace and contentment, and that the economy and culture could continue to develop without interference.
Looking at it today, we have to say that this is an amazing achievement.