Those things in the Ming Dynasty (full) Those Things in the Ming Dynasty Part 2 Ten Thousand Kingdoms Come to the Dynasty _ Chapter 7 Those who disobey fate will be cut off!
Those Things in the Ming Dynasty Part 2 Ten Thousand Kingdoms Come to the Dynasty _ Chapter 7 Those who disobey fate will be cut off!
The news of the Tatar defeat shocked many Mongolian tribes. They did not expect that the Mongolian headquarters led by the Golden Family would be so vulnerable. But among them, there was a tribe who was very happy with this result, and this tribe was the Oara.
As we have said before, there is a deep hatred between the Oara and the Tatars, which probably goes beyond the scope of internal conflicts among the people. When the Ming army attacked, the Oara, as a tribe of the same race as the Tatars, not only did not help, but also helped the Ming army.
The Ming Dynasty government solved the scourge of Benya's death. Such achievements were naturally praised by the Ming Dynasty government. As a bystander in this war, Wala received many benefits. However, what the Ming Dynasty government did not expect was that soon after, this
A spectator becomes a participant.
Mahamu, the leader of Wala, is a relatively talented ruler. He is not satisfied with his own territory, and his biggest competitor Arutai has been beaten into a jobless vagrant by the Ming army, and the eastern Mongolia he occupies has also become
Extremely empty. Mahamu was a man who wanted to take advantage when he saw an advantage, and he began to continuously encroach on the territory of Western Mongolia. Within a few years, Wala's strength began to expand rapidly and occupied many places. At this time, Arutai was short of troops.
The major general became a motherless child. He could only cry to the Ming Dynasty government, but every time he got words like "I know" and "Go back, we will say hello to him."
Our experiences in school tell us that those who make snitches usually do not end well, and Arutai is no exception. Not only did his situation not change after he complained, but he was beaten often, and each time was more severe. From then on, Tatar fell into extreme difficulties.
situation.
It should be said that Arutai ended up like this not only because of Oara's attack, but also the acquiescence and support of the Ming government. The Tatars were about to collapse, but at this time, the current situation took an unexpected turn.
Vala has become too powerful.
No matter what kind of conflicts there are between the Oara and the Tatars, they are still Mongolians after all. "In order to fight against foreigners, you must first settle the internal affairs" is not just a Han tradition. After defeating the Tatars, the Oara's Mahamu also moved.
In order to unify Mongolia and restore the empire, he made Daliba (the Alibuge line of the Golden Family) Khan and invaded Helin.
The Ming Dynasty government finally discovered that this bystander had become so powerful that he had the potential to unify Mongolia. At this time, Arutai had been beaten to the point of despair. He even led his tribe to the edge of the Great Wall and said that he
There was no way out and he asked for political asylum.
Nowadays, things can no longer be ignored. The Ming Dynasty government, like all regimes in the past and present, follows one principle:
There are no eternal friends and no eternal enemies, only eternal interests.
The former friends finally turned into enemies.
Ming Chao said to Wala: "Go back to where you came from!"
Wala said: "I won't leave."
"If you don't get out, I'll beat you!"
"Come on, I'm afraid you won't make it!"
No more nonsense, let’s start fighting.
Wala's confidence
Mahamu dared to challenge the Ming Dynasty in this way, and it was definitely not impulsive. He still had some capital. At that time, Simongu, which was under the jurisdiction of Oara, had never received a frontal attack from the Ming Dynasty. However, during the Ming Dynasty's military operation to attack the Tatars,
He also took the opportunity to pick up a lot of bargains, and became more and more arrogant. This is like a well-off family suddenly winning millions in lottery tickets, and then they put on a show and want to compare their wealth with others.
Mahamu knew that once he broke up with the Ming Dynasty, he would take serious action, but Mahamu was not afraid because he also had his own trump card - cavalry.
At that time, the most powerful cavalry unit on the Mongolian grasslands was no longer the Mongolian Tatars, but the Oara. Facts have proved that Mongolia is worthy of being a nation of horses. They grew up on horses, and the blood of nomads flows in their veins. Even if
Although they no longer have the glory of the past, they are worthy of the title of the best cavalry unit.
Mahamu carefully observed the war between the Ming Dynasty and the Tatars. He keenly discovered that the Ming Dynasty's cavalry was not stronger than the Tatars. It was only because the Ming army was very powerful, but the Tatars had internal divisions, that's why they were like this.
Easily defeated the Tatars.
I will not make that mistake. Under my unified command, Wara will lure the enemy deep, and then launch an unexpected attack to annihilate the Ming army in one fell swoop and restore the glory of Mongolia!
Mahamu is not a person who only shouts empty slogans. He has prepared a detailed battle plan and preset the location of the decisive battle. He believes that as long as the Ming army is led into this trap, he will definitely be able to win the battle.
victory.
He almost succeeded.
The enemy is ahead!
Ever since Wala expressed his disobedience to the Ming Dynasty and refused to return to the Mongolian territory, Zhu Di made up his mind to pull out this nail. Since he was a child, he was the only one who robbed other people's things and others obeyed him.
Thank God for not bullying others. No one has ever dared to bully him. But now that little Wala dares to openly challenge him, he can't do it without giving him a lesson.
In February of the twelfth year of Yongle (1414), he once again led an army of 500,000 people on an expedition, accompanied by Anding Hou Liu Sheng and other generals. The army set out for Oara in a mighty manner.
Zhu Di is a very experienced general. He knows very well that his cavalry cannot take much advantage in a direct conflict with the Mongolian cavalry. After all, his most elite cavalry is still the Mongolian Three Guards, and these people are still
They are paid mercenaries. Now that they are going to fight with them on the land of Oara, the cavalry of Oara will definitely go all out, and their combat effectiveness is very powerful.
The difference in cavalry combat effectiveness cannot be solved overnight. The Wara people who fight for the people will definitely make full use of the advantages of this combat arm. In addition, if they go deep into the enemy's territory, the enemy will definitely have an ambush. How to deal with these problems?
Zhu Di had already prepared countermeasures. He practiced a new formation and brought a special army. He believed that this army would definitely give Mahamu an unexpected blow.
After the army set off, they marched for more than four months, mopping up the Oara forces along the way. But what surprised Zhu Di was that even after going deep into the Oara territory, they did not encounter any decent resistance. Zhu Di was different from Qiu Fu. His intuition told him
He and the Wala army are waiting for him somewhere for a decisive battle.
On the third day of June, Liu Jiang, the forward general of the Ming army, arrived at the Kanghari Sea and accidentally discovered the Wala army. He immediately launched an attack, defeated the entire army, and captured prisoners. According to the prisoners, Mahamu went to Baidu here.
There suddenly became cold (now the Tula River in Mongolia), and there was no preparation.
The generals and soldiers who had been walking for several months were very excited. They had traveled a long way, hoping to defeat Wala in one fell swoop. Now that they had obtained the exact situation of the enemy, they could catch the enemy by surprise. But Zhu Di's reaction was unexpected.
Beyond everyone's expectations.
After Zhu Di heard the news, he carefully analyzed the enemy's situation. He also believed that the enemies were nearby, but these enemies were by no means unprepared. Instead, they were ready for a decisive battle, so he ordered the troops not to move lightly.
The subordinates were very depressed when they heard the news, but after all they did not dare to disobey the emperor's military order. But unexpectedly, not long after, Zhu Di changed his mind and ordered the army to move forward immediately. The generals were very happy, but they were confused.
No idea, what is the plan of His Majesty the Emperor?
Zhu Di was caught in a conflict.
His long-term military experience told him that from various signs, the Oara army consciously lured the enemy deeper, and the vanguard force defeated by Liu Jiang was obviously a bait deliberately released by Oara. If they continued to go deeper, they would be ambushed by the Oara
.
The best way is undoubtedly to wait here for Wala to come for a decisive battle, but this is impossible.
As an army that goes deep into enemy territory, the key is to find the enemy's main force and fight quickly. There is only so much food, and it cannot be consumed no matter what.
There is no other way.
The enemy is waiting for us in front, so come on, we have to break into the dragon's pool and the tiger's den!
What's more, I also have my own trump card.
Knowing clearly that there are tigers in the mountains, we prefer to go to the Tiger Mountains!
Hundreds of miles ahead, the blues suddenly become cold!
At this time, Mahamu, the leader of Wala, was immersed in joy. He looked at the other two leaders of the tribe, Taiping and Boluo, and his pride was palpable. It was under his careful planning that Wala preserved its strength and gathered strength.
The tribe's most powerful 30,000 cavalrymen set a trap in Hulanhu, waiting for the arrival of the Ming army.
Mahamu had full considerations in choosing Hulanhuchanwen as the battlefield. There are many mountains near Hulanhuchanwen, which is conducive to the hiding of cavalry troops, and hiding the cavalry in the mountains also has a great advantage.
That is, once the Ming army is discovered, they can use the mountains to rush straight down and overwhelm the Ming army's formation in one fell swoop. As long as the Ming army's formation is in chaos, no matter how many people there are, it will not have any effect. They can only obey obediently.
Let yourself be slaughtered.
Mahamu is right. Although he certainly has not studied physics and does not understand the concept of potential energy, placing the cavalry on a high place and rushing down does have a strong impact. If the Ming army has no other way,
The camp will inevitably be cut into several parts. At that time, the head and tail will not be able to coordinate, and they will not be able to form a strong fighting force, and it will become a piece of scattered sand.
This is really the best method that Mahamu can think of. He can solidify the wall and clear the field, lure the enemy deep, stay high and defeat him in one fell swoop. It is like a complete action movie. The first three actions are preparations, and the last one is the ending. But
If this action movie wants to have a perfect ending, there must be a prerequisite, that is, when the Oara army attacks from a high place, the Ming army "has no other way".
The Ming army is already in my possession! Soon, Wala and I, Mahamu, will become the new leaders of Mongolia!
It is a pity that Zhu Di, the commander-in-chief of the Ming army, was a man with "measures". He had methods when Beiping City rebelled, he also had methods during the Battle of Baigou River, and he still had methods when he was blocked from Shandong and was in a dilemma.
There is no way he can get to where he is today.
On the seventh day of June, he brought his own method to Hulanhu, and came to the battlefield arranged for him by Mahamu.
After looking at the surrounding environment, Zhu Di couldn't help but take a breath of air. It was exactly as he imagined. The mountains here are steep and steep, making it the best choice for an ambush.
In any case, this is the place for the decisive battle.
When the mighty army came to him, Mahamu felt strong excitement. The 30,000 troops behind him only waited for his order to go down the mountain and defeat the Ming army, completely!
Only one step away from success!
What surprised Mahamu even more was that the Ming army was not led by elite cavalry, but by some infantry. This was a blessing from heaven. As long as a breakthrough was opened, the Ming army would definitely be unable to resist its own attack.
Although there was still some distance from the Ming army, after carefully observing the Ming army's formation, Mahamu was sure of victory, and he immediately issued the order for a general attack! Thirty thousand cavalry rushed down from the mountain to attack
The fierce tigers pounced on the Ming army at the bottom of the mountain, with killing sounds everywhere, and the neighing of horses, shaking the heaven and earth. Mahamu proudly commanded his army on the mountain, waiting for the sight of the Oara cavalry overwhelming the Ming army in one fell swoop.
Victory is at hand!
However, shortly after the Wara cavalry launched their charge, the situation in this seemingly one-sided battle suddenly changed unexpectedly!
Assault! Shenji Camp!
After discovering that the Oara army was launching an attack, the Ming army quickly changed its formation. The infantry in the front of the original team quickly retreated from the center to the wings, and a troop of troops immediately poured out from the rear of the Chinese army to fill the vacancy.
This unit is different from the cavalry and infantry in the Ming army. What they hold in their hands is not sabers or swords, but firecrackers.
After quickly arranging their formations, the soldiers aimed their muskets at the approaching Oara cavalry. They waited for commander Liu Sheng's order.
The Ora cavalry noticed the changes in the Ming army's camp, but they did not pay attention and continued to charge forward.
At this time, Mahamu on the mountain also saw this scene. Unlike those under his men, he had seen the world. This sudden change in the Ming army's formation made his hair stand on end and his blood almost solidified. He shouted hoarsely.
Shouted: "It's the Shenji Battalion! Back away!"
It's too late.
Liu Sheng, the commander-in-chief of the Chinese army, gave an order and fired thousands of guns. The charging Wala cavalry never expected such a sudden blow, and they fell to the ground injured one after another, causing heavy losses. For a moment, the battlefield was extremely tragic.
But the battle has reached this point and we have already charged. How can we retreat? Let’s just fight to the end!
So the remaining Oala cavalry rushed towards the Ming army even more desperately.
This was also the most correct decision that the Wara cavalry could make, because the muskets used by the Ming army at that time needed to be loaded with gunpowder, and loading gunpowder took time. Therefore, after the initial salvo, the battlefield fell into a brief turmoil.
In tranquility.
The Oara cavalry were overjoyed when they saw this. They believed that as long as they could break into the Ming army's camp, they could defeat the Ming army and win a complete victory.
However, at this time, an unexpected situation occurred on the battlefield.
The Oara army was about to rush into the Ming army's camp. At this moment, the Ming army began its second formation change!
After the Shenji Battalion launched a volley, there was no rush to reload gunpowder. On the contrary, they put away their gunpowder and began to retreat quickly to both wings of the formation in an orderly manner. The Ming Army's cavalry brigade immediately rushed out from the rear and separated.
It consists of three armies, with the left commanded by the commanding generals Li Bin and Tan Qing, the right commanded by the commanding generals Wang Tong, and the central army commanded by Zhu Di himself.
Under the unified command of Zhu Di, the left and right wings of the Ming army launched side attacks on the Oara cavalry. Zhu Di was even more brave. He once again led the army into the enemy's formation, wielding his saber to kill the Oara cavalry, and started a fierce battle with the enemy.
The poor Ora cavalry who rushed down from the mountain ran such a long way, but when they arrived in front of the Ming army, they found that the originally dense group of people suddenly dispersed. Before the Ora army could recover, its left and right wings were violently attacked by the Ming army.
, and the Ming army in front of him was even more brave. They were attacked on all sides and beaten everywhere. The seemingly vulnerable sheep suddenly turned into wolves. All of this put Wala into an extreme dilemma, and tens of thousands of troops were defeated.
destroy.
The Oara leader Mahamu was a smart man. When he saw that the situation was not good, he immediately took the lead in escaping. The Oara army, which was just a mess, also turned around and ran away. You know, although the nomadic cavalry fought bravely, they were no different from ordinary people in escaping. Instead, they ran away.
Go faster.
The Ming army was victorious in this battle, "killing dozens of their princes" (I don't know whose son), and killing and wounding more than 10,000 people in the Wala army. Ordinarily, it would be fine if they ran away, but the problem is that the commander of this Ming army is Zhu Di.
, he inherited the fine tradition of his father, Comrade Zhu Yuanzhang, kept in mind the code of conduct of "doing the best in everything", and continued to pursue Mahamu fiercely.
The Ming army continued to pursue, and Mahamu complained endlessly. After running for hundreds of miles, he still could not get rid of the enemy. It was not an option to continue like this, and it was too embarrassing to be in such an embarrassing situation. Mahamu then plucked up the courage to integrate the army, and then
Fighting against the Ming army, in today's terms, means saving a little face.
But Zhu Di really didn't give him any face, and the Oara army counterattacked, which played into his plan. The Ming army was unstoppable and broke through the Oara army formation in one fell swoop (and was defeated). Mahamu was very decisive and turned around and ran away.
Mahamu continued to run, and the Ming army continued to chase him, until he reached the Tula River. Seeing that he could not escape, Mahamu acted like a gangster, getting rid of fellow sufferers Taiping and Boluo, and asked them to go to the rear, while he escaped alone.
.
It was not easy for Zhu Di either. Although the pursuit went smoothly, an unexpected incident in the middle really shocked Zhu Di.
At the beginning of the pursuit, the Ming army used the tactic of chaos to disperse and pursue the Oara army. Originally, there was no problem with this tactic, but one man was too excited and almost caused a big disaster.
This person was Li Qian, Zhu Di's chamberlain. He was also among the people who beat up the drowned dog at the time. However, because he pursued too fiercely, he penetrated deep into the enemy's territory and was surrounded by the Ora army. Ordinarily, Li Qian was not a big shot, so he died.
He might have died, but there happened to be Zhu Zhanji with him.
Zhu Zhanji is Zhu Di's grandson and Zhu Gaochi's son, the so-called emperor's grandson. Zhu Zhanji has been smart since he was a child. Zhu Di does not like his disabled son Zhu Gaochi, but he likes Zhu Zhanji very much. The reason why Zhu Gaochi can be the emperor
The emperor became emperor largely because he had such a clever and good son.
Zhu Di has always regarded Zhu Zhanji as his future successor to train him. He specially brought Zhu Zhanji with him on this expedition, hoping that Zhu Zhanji could take this opportunity to see the world and get some training.
Having said that, it is just training, just like today's leaders who experience life at the grassroots level and work on a temporary basis, and will not actually use knives or guns to fight in battle. Zhu Di likes to kill people personally, that's because he has been there for many years
He has rich experience in this sport, is good at dodging, and can cut people without being cut. Zhu Zhanji is just a kid who was brought out to show off, but this kid doesn't know the depth. He gets hot and follows Li Qian to act like a hero.
Went.
When Zhu Di found out that Zhu Zhanji was missing from his side, he was dumbfounded and broke out in a cold sweat. It didn't matter whether he won or lost this battle. If he lost, he could start over. But if he lost his successor, it would really be more loss than gain. He was furious.
, immediately sent someone to ask about the whereabouts of Zhu Zhanji and Li Qian, and after learning that they had chased them to Jiulongkou (name of place), they quickly sent out troops to pick up their grandsons. God was wise, and the Wala army was in a panic.
He didn't expect that he was surrounded by such a big shot. When he saw someone coming to help him, he ran away.
Zhu Zhanji came back safely, but his chamberlain Li Qian did not dare to come back. He was extremely frightened and felt that his problem was serious. He committed suicide before Zhu Di could question him.
Although there was such an episode, the Ming army still completely defeated the main force of the Oara army in this battle. In the decades since then, the Oara army no longer dared to provoke the Ming army, and the border has been peaceful for a period of time.
A modern great man once described the relationship between war and peace:
One battle brought ten years of peace.
The wise sayings are universal in ancient and modern times.
post war summary meeting
Now we will hold a summary meeting on this campaign. Before convening the summary meeting, it is necessary to talk about the necessity and topics of this meeting. After all, it is not easy to invite Comrade Zhu Di and Mahamu to the meeting. In order not to delay everyone
time, we start now:
Although the Battle of Hulanhu Hypothermia was not a decisive battle, it was worthy of analysis, because this seemingly ordinary battle contained some secrets and rules of the Ming army's operations, which should be carefully studied.
This meeting mainly discussed two questions. First, why was the Ming army able to defeat?
First of all, Comrade Mahamu, don't stand up, don't get excited, we already know what happened, the defeat is a fact, leave the detailed analysis to me.
You must know that there are many determining factors for the outcome of a war. We have introduced before that the personal ability of the Ming army’s cavalry may not be better than that of the Oara cavalry, but why was the Ming army able to occupy the right time, place and people in Oara?
How about defeating Wala next time?
This is because the Ming army under the command of Zhu Di had a set of extremely technical tactics and several high-quality troops. The issue of tactics is too complicated. We will discuss it below. Let’s first talk about the Ming army’s high-quality troops: the three battalions.
The three major battalions were formed by Comrade Zhu Di. This force was also the most elite force of the Ming Dynasty. They were: the Fifth Army Battalion, the Three Thousand Battalion, and the Shenji Battalion.
Let’s talk about the Five Military Camps first. The Five Military Camps do not refer to the five military services. In fact, the Five Military Camps are a mixture of cavalry and infantry. They are divided into the Center Army, the Left Army, the Left Army, the Right Army, and the Right Sentinel Army.
They are elite troops drawn from various places to serve as the main force of the attack.
Now let’s talk about the Three Thousand Battalion. We have already said that the Fifth Military Battalion is the main force of the Ming Army, so why do we need to set up a separate Three Thousand Battalion? This is because the Three Thousand Battalion is different from the Fifth Military Battalion. It is mainly composed of surrendered soldiers.
It was composed of Mongolian cavalry. In other words, the Three Thousand Battalion was actually composed of mercenaries.
The reason why it is called the Three Thousand Battalion is because when this battalion was established, it had three thousand Mongolian cavalry as its backbone. Of course, with the development of the army, the actual number was more than three thousand. The Three Thousand Battalion is different from the Fifth Army Battalion. It has subordinates
All of them are cavalry. Although this cavalry unit is not large in number, it is the most powerful cavalry force under Zhu Di. They mainly play the role of assault in the war.
Finally, we would like to introduce the most special unit under Zhu Di, the Shenji Battalion.
The reason why it is special is because the weapons used by this unit are artillery and firecrackers. In the Ming Dynasty, people called these firearms divine machine cannons. Many nomadic cavalry were killed by these divine machine cannons. Maha.
Comrade Mu, please don't cry, after all, the matter is over.
It can be said that this force is the artillery force of the Ming Dynasty government. There are profound reasons why Comrade Zhu Di wanted to form such a force.
We saw Comrade Zhu Di nodding sadly. It was true. During the Jingnan period, Comrade Zhu Di mainly used cavalry, but Mr. Sheng Yong used a large number of firearms to attack him and his army, which caused extremely bad effects.
Comrade Zhu Di himself was almost killed several times on the battlefield.
This also made Comrade Zhu Di learn a lesson deeply. When he later formed the army, he specially set up such a unit that mainly used firearms. It was this unit that played a huge role in the Battle of Hulanhu Hypothermia.
Okay, above we have introduced Zhu Di's high-quality troops, but this is not the fundamental reason for his victory. The real secret of the Ming army's victory lies in their tactics.
Next we will discuss the second question: What tactics did the Ming army use?
Perhaps to the surprise of many people, the Ming army's tactics were very advanced. So how advanced was it?
Objectively speaking, although the tactics of the Ming army cannot be said to be hundreds of years ahead of the world, but looking at the world, at least at that time, there was absolutely no one who could match them.
This is not nonsense, there is sufficient evidence. Please sit tight, everyone. Below we will introduce in detail the development process of the advanced tactics of the Ming Dynasty army.
During the Zhu Yuanzhang era, the Ming Dynasty had very outstanding cavalry generals such as Xu Da, Chang Yuchun, and Li Wenzhong. These people were unparalleled in using cavalry in combat. Even the Mongols who started their career as cavalry were beaten to a terrible state by them. But except for
In addition to the cavalry they led, the Ming Dynasty also had another special military skill, which was firearms.
Facts have proved that after the Chinese invented gunpowder, they did not just use it to make firecrackers. After hundreds of years of evolution and improvement, Zhu Yuanzhang's army in the Ming Dynasty had begun to use firearms on a large scale, including artillery and firecrackers, and correspondingly, those who were good at using it
Xu Da and other cavalrymen, as well as Zhu Yuanzhang's subordinates, also emerged a large number of generals who were good at using firearms in combat. The best among these generals were Deng Yu and Mu Ying.
Deng Yu preferred to use firearms. During the defense of Hongdu, his men once used firearms to severely damage Chen Youliang's army. However, in the Zhu Yuanzhang era, it was not he who reached the pinnacle of firearms tactics, but Mu.
Britain.
In that era of shining generals, Mu Ying was not as dazzling as Xu Da and others, but he was also a very good general. In the fourteenth year of Hongwu, he accompanied Fu Youde and Lan Yu to attack Yunnan. Although he was not the commander, he
Ranked second only to Lan Yu, it can be seen that she is no ordinary person. A year later, Yunnan was pacified. Fu Youde and Lan Yu were transferred back to Beijing one after another. Zhu Yuanzhang ordered Mu Ying not to return to Beijing for the time being and to guard Yunnan. According to the saying at the time,
This was only a temporary arrangement, but Mu Ying did not wait for the opportunity to change his job. Slowly, he changed from a temporary worker to a contract worker, and he stayed in Yunnan.
After his death, his descendants also stayed in Yunnan, and continued to implement the long-term guardianship contract signed by their ancestors and Zhu Yuanzhang. From then on, the Mu family became the guardian of Yunnan, and the term of this contract was really a bit long - 2
One hundred and sixty years, until the fall of the Ming Dynasty.
But it was also on this land that Mu Ying created his unique firearms warfare method.
Yunnan in Muying's time was by no means the so-called spring city and tourist resort we see today. In fact, Yunnan at that time was still a barbaric land with many ethnic minorities, and rebellion was the main daily activity. Yunnan had few plains and cavalry.
It does not have much effect. Most military operations rely on infantry. The originally unorganized ethnic minorities should not be an opponent of the well-trained Ming Dynasty infantry. However, there is a local specialty, and this specialty is loved by ethnic minorities, and
Extremely happy to use.
This specialty is the elephant.
Elephants are tall, fat, and thick-skinned animals. Although they don’t cause trouble, they are not easy to mess with either. Even the tiger, the king of the mountains, has to give it some respect. In those days, ivory was not as valuable as it is now, so there were a lot of elephants.
When local ethnic minorities rebel, they always like to use this local specialty.
The Ming army is on horseback and the rebel army is on elephants. How to fight this battle?
There are still ways to restrain elephants, that is, firearms, muskets and artillery can not only effectively attack elephants, but the sound they make when shooting can also act as a threat. In fact, this was the only way the Ming army could restrain elephants.
The Elephant Legion approach.
But the reality is always unsatisfactory. The fire blunderbuss used in Muying's era was the Hongwu fire blunderbuss. This kind of fire blunderbuss had a short range, and it needed to be replaced with black powder and lead after each launch, so it could not form sustained lethality.
, soldiers who fired firecrackers were often trampled to death by elephants after firing the first bullet. Mu Ying would not do such a loss-making transaction.
After countless failures and reflections, Mu Ying finally created an advanced firearms strategy that was powerful enough to restrain an elephant.
This method of warfare is based on the characteristics of the enemy's elephant soldiers fighting in the front line. The firecrackers are arranged in three rows. After discovering that the enemy elephant soldiers are advancing, the first row will fire the firecrackers first, then the second row, and the third row will continue to fire.
, when firing in the second and third rows, the first row can easily load the bullets, forming a complete and continuous powerful firepower (arrange the firecrackers in three rows, in the array... move forward and retreat, and the next row will follow; without
Retreat, the next line retreats, and the three lines follow).
This pioneering tactic overcame the limitations of the firecrackers at the time. The three lines of fire took turns to fire without any pause, which was enough to funnel any enemy who dared to attack (including elephants) into a funnel.
It was with this method of warfare that Mu Ying completely quelled the rebellion in Yunnan. Due to the regional nature of its use, this method of warfare was not widely spread among the Ming army, but this does not deny its greatness in military history.
significance.
A hundred years after Mu Ying invented the three-line musket warfare method, King Frederick II of Prussia invented a similar three-line warfare method after long-term research. His troop formation method was exactly the same as Mu Ying's. Later, he relied on
With this method of warfare, he dominated Europe.
Of course, the King of Prussia believed that he was the well-deserved originator of the third-line tactic. If this happened today, when the system of invention rights and intellectual property rights is very clear, we would have every reason to charge patent royalties to this king.
Although Mu Ying's three-line firearms tactics were not widely circulated and used in the Ming army, we do not need to regret this, because soon a more powerful and more advanced tactics will replace it.
position, writing a glorious page in the military history of the Ming Dynasty and even the world.
The person who invented this method of warfare was an outstanding military strategist, and he is the familiar Comrade Zhu Di.
We are also honored to invite this inventor to our conference. Oh, Comrade Zhu Di, you don't have to stand up, just sit down. Next, we will continue to introduce the use of this new method of warfare.
During the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty, due to the early death of a group of fierce generals such as Xu Da and Chang Yuchun, the new generation of cavalry has deteriorated in their hard-working spirit with the improvement of living standards (no joke) and is not as good as their predecessors.
The individual strategic advantage of the Ming Dynasty cavalry over the Mongolian cavalry has been lost. If you want to restrain the impact of the Mongolian cavalry, which is nomadic and looting all day long, you must use other means of force.
Based on his long-term experience in armed struggle, Comrade Zhu Di set up three battalions and formally introduced the artillery army into the Ming army's battle sequence. He hoped to use firearms to suppress the impact of the Mongolian cavalry, but the problem was that the cavalry was different from the elephant soldiers.
It was extremely fast. Due to the limitations of firearm lethality, shooting distance and gunpowder change time at that time, even if Zhu Di used Mu Ying's three-row firearm tactics, he would not be able to withstand the impact of the cavalry.
After summing up experience and lessons, the Ming army finally found a set of tactics that could effectively restrain the Mongolian cavalry. I named this set of tactics used by the Ming army, "Three Axes to Kill You Combat System."
"Three-axe combat system that kills you" instruction manual
First of all, I must admit that this name is not my original creation, but it is based on the "3000 Kills for You" weapon in a funny movie. Maybe some friends have seen this movie. This so-called "3000 Kills for Your Life" weapon was created by
It consists of a series of tools such as watermelon knife, lime powder, poison, and rope. The specific use process is complicated and varied. For example, first sprinkle lime powder to cover the opponent's eyes, then use the watermelon knife to chop, or poison, etc.
I am not borrowing its name here just to be funny, on the contrary, my attitude is very serious, because in my opinion, this "3000 Kills for You" weapon system can be borrowed to illustrate the characteristics of the Ming army's tactics in the Yongle period.
The Ming army's three-axe combat method was based on the three battalions. Similar to the "Kill Your Life 3000" weapon system, the Ming army rationally deployed and combined the military forces of the three battalions to restrain the Mongolian cavalry.
purpose.
The operation process of the so-called three-axe battle method is as follows. First, after discovering the Mongolian cavalry, the soldiers of the Shenji Battalion will immediately move closer to the front of the formation and be ready to launch artillery and firecrackers.
Under the command, a volley was fired. This volley was the first blow to the Mongolian cavalry, which was also the first ax blow.
After the Shenji Battalion finishes shooting, it will immediately retreat to the two wings of the team, and then the cavalry of the 3,000 Battalion and the 5th Army Battalion will immediately fill in the gaps and launch an assault on the wounded Mongolian cavalry. This is the second ax of the Ming army.
After the cavalry assault, the infantry of the fifth military camp began to attack. They often held cavalry weapons (such as spears, etc.) to launch a final attack on the Mongolian cavalry. This was also the last ax of the Ming army.
It can be seen that this is a complete combat system. The Ming army used firearms to suppress the enemy's cavalry advance and dampen their energy, then immediately launched a counterattack, and then used infantry to consolidate the battlefield (the muskets were in the front, the cavalry was in the back, and the infantry was second)
), the specific use of this system varies according to different battlefield conditions, and its detailed operation process is much more complicated, such as the formation conversion of multiple arms units, etc., but the general process is the same.
The Mongolian cavalry, which is known for its impact, was defeated by this Ming army's tactics. No matter how fierce the cavalry was, they could not withstand these three axes. This "three-axe combat system that kills you" often made the Mongolians miserable.
It’s unbearable, but there’s nothing you can do about it.
In addition, the weapons used by the Ming army are also very distinctive. According to research, the weapons used by the Ming army cavalry at that time were also very different from those of the Mongolian cavalry. Some Ming cavalry used not sabers, but another more powerful weapon.
Unique weapon - mace.
Although most cavalry use curved sabers, according to research by modern scientific and technological personnel, when cavalry moving at high speed confronts enemy cavalry, the side using maces has an advantage. This is because of the range of the mace.
It is wide and easy to use. The saber only has one edge, but the mace has a circumferential iron spike. No matter which part hits the opponent, it will cause damage. In addition, it also has the function of a stick, and its power is comparable to that used in street fights today.
His trump card weapon is the triangular scraper.
Moreover, the mass production cost of mace is low, and there is no unified standard. Adding nails, iron picks and other objects to the stick can be completed in dozens of minutes. It is simple and convenient, and you can freely use your creativity. For example, some people with dark psychology will
Adding barbs and barbs will make you lose layers of skin even if you don't die, which is really scary. It's because it's cheap and plentiful, so they keep using it.
Based on the above analysis, we can see that the victory of the Ming Army was by no means a fluke. Behind their brilliant achievements was the research and development of advanced weapons, the scientific analysis of tactics and the detailed arrangement of the battle process, which were the work of countless military tactics researchers.
The crystallization of hard work and sweat.
So in my opinion, the saying that science and technology is the primary driving force is extremely correct.
Like Mu Ying's three-line strategy we introduced earlier, Zhu Di's strategy also had many similarities in later eras.
More than three hundred years later, a short man began to use tactics similar to Zhu Di's. His tactics can be summarized in three sentences: first bombard with artillery, then use cavalry to attack, and finally the infantry.
It can be seen that his tactics are similar to those of the Ming army in Zhu Di's era. It was with this tactics that he conquered most of Europe, and finally found the same job as Zhu Di -
-emperor.
This short man was Napoleon of France. His world-famous capital was his unique and highly maneuverable artillery and cavalry tactics.
Geniuses always have something in common.
The meeting has been held until now, and it’s time to adjourn. I hope that everyone can understand some of the Ming Dynasty’s tactical thoughts and techniques from this summary meeting. This meeting is not in vain.
By the way, I almost missed the most important point. Above we have summarized the Ming army’s tactical thinking and fighting methods. Although these are important reasons for the Ming army’s victory, advanced weapons and tactics are not the decisive factors that affect the outcome of the war.
, In fact, throughout the ages, the winning or losing relationship of all wars has followed the most fundamental principle:
It is the people who fight in the war who ultimately decide the outcome.
Mahamu failed, and his provocative behavior finally gained him a lesson. After realizing that he did not have the strength to confront the Ming Dynasty, he followed in the footsteps of Alutai and paid tribute to the Ming Dynasty in the 13th year of Yongle (1415).
But in general, Mahamu is quite trustworthy, at least better than Arutai, or he is very aware of current affairs. It may be that the tragic battle dealt a heavy blow to his soul, and he spent his whole life
It was undoubtedly a good thing that he never violated the borders of the Ming Dynasty again, but judging from historical data, he was not idle either. After that, he devoted all his energy to the cultivation of his descendants.
Obviously, he realized the most important point, which is that with Oara's current economic and technological strength, it is definitely not an opponent of the Ming government. But he also understands that advanced weapons and tactics are never a guarantee of victory. The commander-in-chief and
The people involved in the war are the most critical.
Facts have proved that he has indeed cultivated a next generation of talents.
His son was named Tuohuan. Twenty years later, he killed the Tatar leader Arutai and finally unified Mongolia.
His grandson is called E Sen. This man is more powerful than his father and has done even more earth-shattering things. He also has a well-known name - Yexian.