Fei Qian's lectures in the academy were actually changing some concepts, replacing some of the original concepts of the Han Dynasty with some of the cognitions of modern people.
The children of the gentry in this era definitely had the concept of the country, but it was not very strong. They would fight bravely for the Han Dynasty in the face of foreign invasion, but they would also be sneaky for the benefit of their own family. In other words, they
His bravery against Hu Man was actually in exchange for the glory of his family.
However, the true concept of the country is still relatively lacking. Therefore, the so-called narrow patriotism can be said to be relatively rare among the Han gentry, let alone Fei Qian's desire to promote a broader patriotism.
Although Confucianism was promoted in the Han Dynasty, and Confucianism emphasized loyalty to the emperor, the initial idea of loyalty to the emperor was different from the extremes of later generations. Loyalty to the emperor in the Han Dynasty could actually be equated with "loyalty to superiors." For scholars, what they want to be loyal to is
He is the superior Qing Dafu. What the Qing Dafu wants to be loyal to is the superior princes. The princes want to be loyal to the superior emperor. The first level of loyalty is to the upper level, forming a deconstruction of the pyramid, which is quite a legacy of the Zhou Dynasty.
Until Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty implemented the "Great Unification", he continued to hold Zen ceremonies. In fact, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty wanted to warn his subjects that you should be loyal to the emperor at every level, but you should be more loyal to me, the greatest "king" in the world.
However, by the end of the Han Dynasty, this idea had not been completely integrated into the hearts of the people. At this time, the bureaucrats and their subordinates could still be the masters, and the names of monarchs and ministers were commensurate, which is a clear proof.
Are there any benefits to this kind of thinking? Yes, at least during the handover of Qin and Han Dynasties, it played a very large stabilizing role in promoting the administrative system of the entire county. Because at that time, more emphasis was placed on stabilizing the local area, which made the late Qin Dynasty turbulent.
The situation will not be repeated again.
However, such a policy led to the fact that the children of the gentry everywhere often only had the concept of family in their minds. The so-called emperor of the Han Dynasty was not the representative of the country, but only the representative of the largest and most successful family in the world.
Coupled with the talent recruitment system such as promoting filial piety and honesty, the role of the family has become more and more powerful. For many ordinary gentry children, the country is too far away from them. They can study and serve as officials. They only think that it is because of the family.
Being powerful in the local area or in the imperial court, one can be recommended or become an official because of admiration. In addition to one's own efforts, getting ahead depends entirely on the support of the family...
Therefore, Fei Qian must deliberately separate the country and the nation into a whole concept, take the emperor as the representative of this concept, and require the gentry children to be loyal to the emperor. In fact, it is to make the gentry children more loyal to the country, ideologically
Slowly penetrate and change the thinking mode of family supremacy, thereby further curbing the prosperity of the clan.
From a historical point of view, once a family is formed, it will inevitably form various monopolies, and once a monopoly appears, it will be followed by all kinds of unprogressive corruption, just like a toothpaste factory, if it is not forced by Factory A.
Even if you are cruel, you won't suddenly squeeze out a large amount of toothpaste...
Obviously, Fei Qian did not have much resistance to these private goods hidden under the banner of Xiao Jing. On the contrary, many people believed that this was a deeper expansion of Xiao Jing, and it was inciting Fei Qian.
Under the words of these words, many students felt that if it was as Fei Qian said, the future of the country and the country would depend on them, and a lot of sense of glory suddenly emerged from within, and this sense of glory in turn made them even more
It is easy to accept Fei Qian's theory.
Only by cultivating scholars' national concepts and patriotic ideas can we enhance cohesion and resist the disintegration that may surge in the future.
As for democracy, freedom, the realization of personal values, the complete emancipation of thoughts, the innocence of speech and writing, etc., let alone the Han Dynasty, even in later generations, it may not be fully realized, so it is extremely inappropriate to talk about it.
Okay. These things, in the eyes of most people in the Han Dynasty, were definitely things that were treasonous and apostate, and they would also increase centrifugal force, so the gains outweighed the losses.
Fei Qian's lecture at Shoushan Academy was concise and to the point, and it was basically over in less than half an hour. After all, Fei Qian had limited things in his belly, and he couldn't be as familiar with the scriptures as those doctors and scholars.
Because he knew that no matter how many students asked, he would always be able to find the source and explanation, Fei Qian stopped as soon as he could, and instead of leaving some time for questions like most lectures, he directly announced the end.
Anyway, in my territory, I have the final say.
Fei Qian turned his head and suddenly saw Sima Yi's thoughtful face beside him. His heart jumped and he rolled his eyes. He casually handed the scroll of Filial Piety that he originally held to Sima Yi and said, "I'll give it to you."
, hope to learn from it diligently.”
Sima Yi raised his left eyebrow, but the right eyebrow did not move. He seemed a little surprised, but he quickly put on an expression of gratitude and took it with both hands respectfully.
Sima Yi is a very smart person, Fei Qian has no doubt about this, so when Fei Qian saw Sima Yi showing some thoughts, he immediately and subconsciously interrupted. By the way, he also said, "You kid!"
Yes, I'm very optimistic about what you mean. Anyway, it only costs one book.
The effect was also obvious. When Fei Qian left, Sima Yi was quickly surrounded by other students. Everyone wanted to read General Zhengxi's book to see if there were any special comments or insights in the book.
Words like that...
If it's special, it really does exist, but it's not Fei Qian's own, but Master Liang's Young Qiang. Fei Qian made some slight changes and wrote it on the title page of the Filial Piety Classic, which immediately caused a lot of controversy.
The students' recitations caused a disturbance, and Sima Yi's original thoughts and perceptions were completely disrupted.
It's not that Fei Qian is afraid of Sima Yi, but when it is necessary to create a unified trend of thought in the early stage, the fewer smart people like Sima Yi, the better. After all, if the trend of thought surges in the early stage, there will be some objections.
He will also be submerged under the bubble. As for whether Sima Yi can recall his previous insights and thoughts in the future, Fei Qian cannot control it, and perhaps there is no need to control it...
If you want to have a surge of thoughts, it is not enough to just rely on a lecture. In order to promote such thoughts, Fei Qian generously took out a large number of printed versions of Xiao Jing and launched a sales campaign in Pingyang City.
Limited time sale!
Buy two and get one free!
Buy the whole set and get the four treasures of the study!
Cats and dogs are linked together! Don’t stop until you buy it!
Fei Qian is preparing to roll out such activities in Hedong and Guanzhong in the next stage, and continue to Hanzhong and Hongnong...
Using this method to promote changes in the ethos of the gentry and thereby promote changes in the entire social landscape may succeed, or it may still fail. Fei Qian cannot guarantee the outcome at this moment, but it must be done anyway. After all, the current situation of the Eastern Han Dynasty
The situation is indeed not optimistic.
It’s not like no one had seen such a problem before Fei Qian, but...
In the Eastern Han Dynasty, after the two emperors He and An, eunuchs and relatives alternated dictatorships, causing the entire society to be in chaos, and the political form gradually lost its enterprising spirit. Each generation of rulers thought about how to preserve their status and suppress
current or potential opponents, so in the entire political landscape, the public morals were declining. Although some party members advocated the consciousness of scholars to resist resistance, they still could not restore the decadent state of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and it continued to decline.
Folk customs are a barometer of a society. Among the folk customs of the entire society, the most susceptible to change are undoubtedly the small group of young students. They are the most susceptible to the influence of new trends of thought. Fei Qian knows this very well
.
Fei Qian still vaguely remembers watching a popular science program that I don’t know whether it is true or not. It said that why young people are more impulsive is because their cerebral cortex has not yet fully developed. In addition, in the ancient primitive period, the younger generation needed to be more impulsive.
Be brave, or more reckless, to fight and try, so sometimes you will see young people charging without fear...
In comparison, older people will have more folds in their cerebral cortex, will think more, and will be more cautious, because the group needs these older people who have finally survived the prey fight when they were young to provide guidance to the younger ones.
pass on experience...
When the entire dynasty has lost its direction, the entire society is looking at money, and everyone in social and economic life is competing to make profits, thinking only about how to make money and how to make more money, the Han Dynasty
This kind of ostentation became the root of the dynasty's downfall.
Although some people with lofty ideals cried out loudly, "Nowadays, people go to farm mulberry trees and go to travel, collect the benefits from everyone, and gather together in one door";
"To fill the city.", "Speaking of words, and getting used to deceit, defrauding each other", "Maybe taking adultery as a career", etc., indicate that at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, men, women, old and young in society were all running for money. As long as they could
When you get money, you can do anything, whether it's doing business, acting, praying to gods, cheating or gambling.
Therefore, a group of people represented by Wang Fu and others emphasized the need to return to farming and mulberry farming and curb extravagance. However, these people did not see that society could not be composed of farming and mulberry industry alone. The more they emphasized the return of ordinary people to farming,
Sang, returning to simplicity will give those upper ruling classes who control information and resources more opportunities for corruption.
Wang Fu and others failed in the end, and not only did they not successfully change the social atmosphere, they also contributed to the further corruption of court politics, and at the same time, they also cultivated a large number of gentry children who were seeking fame...
During the party imprisonment incident, it is true that many of the sons of the gentry were upright people, people who were willing to lead the social trend and sacrifice their own reputation and life, but when commenting on the three monarchs, eight horses, eight Gu, eight Ji, eight chefs, and eight brothers,
Well, it seems like something strange has gotten in. Among these people, there are real warriors, and of course there are also some bastards.
When many gentry children saw that Wang Fu and others could criticize the government and rebuke the court, they could gain a good reputation and be respected by the world, so they imitated them one after another. In order to attract attention, they fabricated reputations, deceived the world and stole their names, and added that they were under investigation.
These people gradually got into the officialdom, further promoting the decline of official style. At this point, from top to bottom, from official style, to scholarly style, to people's style, everything was dark, and the Eastern Han Dynasty completely took a plunge and never returned.
road.
However, young students are easy to encourage, but those old foxes with tail hair turning white under their buttocks are not easy to fool. Fei sneaked out of the hall and just turned to the corridor, Sima Hui hurriedly caught up: "General
, General, please stay..."
"Mr. Shui Jing, what can I do?" Fei Qian stopped and asked.
"Well... the general has a profound knowledge of classics... Phew... today's words are deafening and inspiring..." Sima Hui was old after all. He was somewhat out of breath when he caught up. He took a few breaths and calmed down before saying,
"...General, I don't know what I'm going to say today, but you want to be righteous, stop being arrogant, and restore the righteousness of Confucianism?"
Is this old fox digging a hole for me to jump into again?
Fei Qian looked at Sima Hui, smiled slightly, and did not answer directly, but said: "Why did Mr. Shui Jing say this?"
"Okay," Sima Hui said with a smile still on his face, "The general bluntly stated the original meaning of the Filial Piety Classic, and did not talk about the prophecies and prophecies. Isn't it an act of abandoning illusions and cutting off evil paths? The general's actions are the rise of Confucianism! How fortunate! How fortunate!
!”
"In the past, the imperial court was a place where those who studied did not understand the scriptures, were eager to achieve success, pursued learning and played correct sentences, were accustomed to kneeling and worshiping, and were not able to summon officials. Therefore, the study of the scriptures was abandoned and not practiced, the articles were dark but not clear, and the Confucian scholars were lonely in the void.
In the room, the beetle officials clamored in the court..." Sima Hui seemed a little excited when he spoke, and his gray beard jumped up and down, "Since the fall of the Qin Dynasty, the Five Classics have all declined, and the backward people are interested in prophecies and Confucianism.
There is no way to pass on the karma, because the greedy officials and greedy people are multiplying, and the number of Confucian scholars who seek truth is decreasing... Among the yongs, there is no sound of talking about the scriptures, and from below, there are no preachers...
The high-ranking officials in the court love frivolous things, compete for beautiful ornaments, have a moral heart, and bully kind people, so the world is in chaos and wars are rising frequently..."
Sima Hui saluted Fei Qian again and continued: "I heard that the general pointed directly at the roots of the Confucian classics, clarified the meaning of the sages, thought about the unity of everyone, and abandoned false chapters. What he said was incomparable.
, In fact, he is deeply ignorant of Confucian classics... Therefore, the old man asked rashly, if the general wants to bring about the upright Confucian style in the world, if he does not abandon the old man, who is mediocre and shallow in learning, he should do his best for the general..."
oh, I get it.
After Fei Qian thought for a moment, he said: "There is no fault in the ancient and modern scriptures. However, unscrupulous people destroy the original text, slander those who are not party members, make excuses for prophecies, and commit evil deeds. Such ugly behavior often occurs, which makes
I can't bear to discuss it... Now there is Mr. Shui Jing who wants to clear up the fog and point out the road. It is consistent with the true scriptures and is the best thing in the world! Even though a certain person is a latecomer and is not proficient in writing, he is proud of it. There is no reason to stop him.
?”
"Okay..." Sima Hui was obviously overjoyed and said "ok" repeatedly.
"...However," Fei Qian said in a deep voice, "if the party is united and opposed, and uses culture to restrain people, advocates Confucianism, and does greedy things, it will lose its original intention and become a corrupt person..."
Sima Hui was stunned, and immediately raised his hands and said: "What the general said is true! It should be so!"
Fei Qian put on a smile again, said a few words of warmth, and asked Sima Hui to prepare some regulations first, and then he could take office and officially become the so-called Confucian envoy, carrying out the responsibility of correcting deviations in Confucianism.
Although Sima Hui also hid his selfishness in his high-sounding words, Fei Qian was not the one to blame for seeking perfection. After all, pure saints are too rare. Confucius had selfishness, let alone others?
Moreover, using an old celebrity like Sima Hui actually has a certain driving effect. However, some sand still needs to be mixed into it. Who is better to choose?