Chapter 1929: The beginning of official governance, posthumous titles for living people
"Why were the officials so confident in the past?" Fei Qian shook his head and said with a smile, "Isn't it because the superiors are incompetent? Among the three assistants in Guanzhong, the noble surnames may not be aware of the key points, but they are still indifferent, and they use this as a contract to attempt to blackmail
...』
Is this kind of thing still rare in future generations?
For the wealthy people with the surname Sanfu in Guanzhong, Fei Qian was not a local person, nor was he their original "public opinion representative", so he was just like a boss who suddenly dropped down from a large company in later generations, a lowly person.
There will always be a trial and error to weigh one or two, and this "measurement" does not mean one or two days, nor once or twice, but it is always done until one party completely surrenders.
Previously, there was no news about the civil service series for Fei Qian. Although there was a hint that he would wait until the end of winter and early spring for evaluation, after all, those dazzling positions are eye-catching, and many people are a little unhappy and feel that they are like this.
He is so smart and sagacious, so down-to-earth and hard-working, and has such outstanding achievements, why is it that Hussar is blind and doesn't give himself a good seal?
Pang Tong nodded and said: "That's it. If the Lord doesn't handle it properly, people like this will have the opportunity to control the place and poison the people, just like the old incident of Emperor Xiaoling of the Han Dynasty..."
So these wealthy people with the surname of Sanfu in Guanzhong folded their hands and watched. If Fei Qian can handle it, they are not involved anyway, and the board can't hit them. If Fei Qian can't handle it, that's even better. They
They can come out with a pat on their chest and say that Fei Qian has a distinguished status and let them do these trivial matters for them, ensuring that they can be done beautifully, and then gradually scrape the lower-level authority into their own pockets.
Just like what they did under Emperor Ling of Han Dynasty before.
Fei Qian raised his head slightly, as if he was recalling the situation in Luoyang, "In the past, when Emperor Xiaoling was in power, the Zhongguan went out to lead local inspections. The original intention was to penetrate the top and bottom and inspect all officials, but it turned out to be evil.
The government has brought harm to the people. They cleverly set up names and plundered by force. The local gangsters were used as minions to loot and plunder. What's worse, from Luoyang to Chenggao, the distance is only more than a hundred miles, and there are dozens of checkpoints.
!Passengers and merchants passing by will all collect road tax!』
Pang Tong also sighed with emotion and said: "Why not! I remember that at that time, five tax dollars were collected for each car, three tax dollars for the burden, and one for the bearer. Those who passed by with bare hands were not exempt... Daily tax cards, money carried in cars, and coins in buckets
If you look at the market, you will spend more than ten thousand dollars a day! This kind of money can only come from somewhere, but you don’t know where it is going!”
"This is only a tax on licensed goods, and the fees for sitting in the market have not yet been calculated. If the people have some coarse cloth, chickens, ducks, eggs, vegetables and fruits, and want to exchange them for salt in the market, they will have to pay taxes on everything they buy and sell. There is no tax on anything.
Taxes are everywhere and no one is taxed!" Fei Qian chuckled, as if he thought of something interesting, "If there is a little disobedience, it means he is a gangster, plundering without mercy, without all the goods, and carrying luggage.
, was also searched and destroyed..."
China has its own traditions, which are inherited from the same origin.
Nowadays, Feiqian's commerce is getting bigger and bigger, but Feiqian has only collected transaction tax once in the market, and it only collects taxes from merchants who sell goods. Naturally, many people think that such a tax rate is too light.
Thousands of extravagant wealth are rolling in front of your eyes day by day, how can you hold back?
Therefore, it is not impossible for people to use some small tricks secretly. Anyway, as long as they let the large caravan under Fei Qian pass, collect some small money, and subsidize their own pockets, it is not too much, right?
Does the place also need to generate income?
Then the Feihe incident broke out, and the Senate was asked to designate corruption laws. Fei Qian also established Zhiyin Prison. It seemed that some wanted to take this opportunity to check the local situation. These guys who usually tampered with the situation were naturally confused.
I turned around and was restless, but I happened to encounter a locust...
Then the candidates cheated and caused trouble...
These are all great opportunities!
If Fei Qian couldn't figure it out, he wouldn't have the time to check the place, or even if he could figure it out, he would be overwhelmed, so he would just put it off until he could clear up his hands and everything would be fine...
At the same time, if the examination system was suspended because of this riot, it is these big families who are proud of it. Under the inspection system, they could not do it in Shandong, but now they can finally play by themselves, and they are waiting for Yunkai Day.
Out, the result is another examination system! So it would be best if Fei Qian got angry and abandoned the examination system and replaced it with the original inspection system.
If these people sincerely want to get along with Fei Qian and take this opportunity to bring down Fei Qian, basically it is not necessary, because these people also know that without Fei Qian's signature, I am afraid there will be no other candidates in Guanzhong, Shanxi.
They can have a reputation like Fei Qian and can control the scene, but it doesn't mean that these people won't make a dozen of their own little plans under the name of Fei Qian.
Fei Qian shook his head and sighed helplessly. People are all selfish. This is nature and cannot be avoided, let alone in the Han Dynasty. If you want to be like a game, all your subordinates will be full of loyalty.
If you go down, you'll get a raise and a broken bottle or something, and you can pull it up again...
However, these people actually did not expect that Fei Qian and Pang Tong would take this opportunity to straighten things out, so they also watched with cold eyes, waiting for these people to fall into the trap.
Is it true that governing a country is just a matter of giving orders?
Explain that if you transfer money from your left pocket to your right pocket, your money will increase instead of decreasing? If you say that a government order that benefits the people is issued, the living index of the people will immediately increase by a dozen Wallaces?
"After this, we will change the administration of officials!" Fei Qian patted a large pile of self-statements written by Wei Duan, Du Ji and others on the table, "These self-reports of duties make the text comfortable.
Derun and I will review it first and then submit it to someone..."
"Starting from this, the officials from Guanzhong Sanfu, Longyou Hexi, Hebei Northeast, Hanzhong Sichuan and Shu, all the officials from various places will submit their own reports to report their duties..."
Fei Qian said, "We should set rules for future generations, how can we just ignore the legacy of our ancestors? The test of official governance should be regarded as a law!"
"My lord, do you want to resume the plan?" Pang Tong asked.
"Shangji" is a civil administration project that was launched in the Han Dynasty when it was still relatively clear. The local governor, usually the governor of each county, regularly submitted documents to the court, stating the management and governance situation of the specific place, and then the court
Based on the above calculation, assessment and evaluation will be carried out.
Originally, it was stipulated that at the end of each year, "accounting officials" from various counties and counties would carry "accounting books" and go to the capital to attend accounting. It was called a "long course", which meant that homework was handed in once a year, and then for three years
There is a big assignment to hand in, which is called a "big class".
The policy of "Shangji" actually existed in the Qin Dynasty. It was established in the Han Dynasty and formed a relatively complete system. There was even a special law, "Shangji Law", which clearly stipulated the two levels of Shangji.
The accounting model is that the townships and counties first submit the accounting to the county, and then the county summarizes and then reports to the court. Generally speaking, the township and county submit the accounting after the autumn harvest, while the county and the county submit the accounting at the end of winter.
There are also requirements for the content of the above plan, including household registration, land cultivation, money and food, thieves, etc. At the beginning, the above plan was also taken very seriously. It was even the emperor himself who presided over the plan. At the worst, it had to be done by the prime minister and the imperial censor at the same time.
During the assessment, the prime minister was mainly responsible for reporting the status and results of the assessment to the emperor, while the imperial censor was responsible for examining and verifying the authenticity of the county's assessment.
During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, he attached great importance to planning, but during the Eastern Han Dynasty, planning gradually became a matter for the ministerial office. Later, even the ministerial office did not care about it.
By the time of Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty, even the royal family and nobles dared to use the excuse of road congestion to refuse to communicate with the court, let alone any advice or major lectures.
At the same time, at the beginning of the Han Dynasty, the governor was a supervisor, similar to the governor of the Ming Dynasty. In order to patrol the county and inspect the prime minister, he would return to the capital at the end of the year to report, and the time for his performance coincided with the plan of the county and the country.
Time, so the original governor's memorials played a very important role, and could often be used to identify the authenticity of the county's plans.
Unfortunately, after the Eastern Han Dynasty, the governor gradually changed from a supervisor to a local administrator. He was stationed in the local area and lost his original role...
There was even a system of "listening to the wind" in the Han Dynasty, which meant that officials would be sent to the people to listen. If there were any local officials who had a very bad reputation in the fields and fields, verification procedures would be initiated, and such behavior was basically done without notification.
Those belonging to local officials have no interaction with local officials and belong directly to the court.
Therefore, it is not that the Han Dynasty did not have a good system. It can even be said that the supervision system during the feudal dynasty may not be much worse than that of later generations, but it just depends on the execution ability.
Fei Qian nodded, but then shook his head and said: "Although the strategy is the same as the above, it is also different. A certain order of Wei Shenlu re-educated the law of corruption, and that's why..."
In the Han Dynasty, there was no specific term for serving as an official. Generally speaking, unless you really didn't want to do it, you could just stay as an official for life without retiring.
Although at the time of the plan, there were inspections and supervision, there were also promotions and reductions, but because of the problem of "celestial induction", even if something happened to these officials in the plan, as long as they could be fooled on the surface, such as being attached to the edge of the so-called natural disaster.
Even in the Eastern Han Dynasty, if enough money was stuffed into a person, everything would be fine.
The induction of heavenly beings was the biggest stone of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, which then fell on his own feet. China has a vast territory, and natural disasters are naturally impossible to avoid. Once a natural disaster occurs, it means that the emperor made a mistake, and the emperor will naturally not be wrong. So the Three Gongs
Just come out and take the blame.
Therefore, in the officialdom of the Han Dynasty, it was common for officials to come in and out of office, and the rise and fall of the officialdom was also random. Some people started out with two thousand stones and were dismissed in the blink of an eye, and some were dismissed in the blink of an eye after only three or four days.
He was appointed as a local magistrate without even leaving the capital city gate, and then he was appointed to another place full-time, and then traveled dozens of miles to get back and serve as the ninth minister again...
Therefore, under such circumstances, officials in the Han Dynasty basically did not care much about changes in official positions, and the people were accustomed to officials losing their positions. For example, if they were accused by their superiors and said something was wrong, they would be asked to admit their mistakes without being crowned, and then
He just said, "If you are free from the crown, you will be able to serve in an official position after being restored to safety", and then simply resigned from the official position and returned to his hometown. He also won the praise of many people, who thought that he was free and easy to live in the world, which was the behavior of a celebrity.
Everyone knows what happened when the three ministers were dismissed because of natural disasters. So no matter how good and hard you work, if a disaster is in vain, will anyone work hard and diligently? Naturally, it is impossible to punish such a dismissal of the three ministers, so these former
"The Third Duke" went home and laughed, and the "Later Third Duke" came to the court with a sad face, and then went to the local officials. Is it possible to remove him and punish him? It was a huge mistake, and hundreds of thousands of people were displaced. In the end, they were not guilty, and at most they were exempted.
I'm just an official, I only have this small place, I can use it for a little bit, what's the big deal?
Therefore, after Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the official administration of the entire Han Dynasty gradually fell into disuse, and it became inevitable. Those who came out to mess around always had to pay back. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty deceived the people of the world with his sense of heaven and man, and later the people of the world began to deceive him.
Descendants.
But what Feiqian is doing now is different.
When the locust plague came, Fei Qian personally led his people to the front and contained the locust plague. This was almost impossible in the original Han Dynasty. According to the usual practice, when a locust plague occurs, the people are affected and displaced, and then an explanation must be given.
, Fei Qian followed the usual practice and passed the blame to the "Three Gongs", namely Pang Tong and Xun You, and asked one of them to take the blame after class. The matter was settled. As for the poor people, no one was too lazy to care...
"The officials rated him as one of the eight beetles: greedy, cruel, impetuous and shallow, incompetent, old, sick, weak, and careless..." Fei Qian said in a deep voice, "With that.
As for sins, they are also divided into four categories: greed, cruelty, carelessness, weakness, staying idle for a while, old age, illness, resulting, inadequacy, impetuousness, and decline."
Simply removing an official from office without judging the crime will not have any deterrent effect on the official. If he makes a mistake or something happens, he will give a warning and remove him from office first. Then, after the public attention subsides, he will quietly change his position and continue to serve.
Officer, for these silverfish, it couldn't be better.
Fei Qian glanced at Pang Tong. If he followed Pang Tong's style in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, he would probably be judged as "unruly".
Pang Tong naturally didn't know what Fei Qian was thinking about, but he was thinking about another thing, "If so, I'm afraid Ma Zhengsi..."
Fei Qian nodded, understanding what Pang Tong meant, but he still said resolutely: "One peck, one drink, you are responsible for your own fault. Not only that, but you also need to create a file! All assessments and evaluations are recorded in the files, and all three evaluations are in the eight categories."
, accept or not, the world of advertising!』
Pang Tong was startled and his eyes widened, obviously indicating that he needed to be so cruel? "This is not a living person but a posthumous title?"
Fei Qian laughed and said, "That's right!"
Being an official in the Han Dynasty, the profit margin was unimaginably large, and the risk you took was really just changing places, or going home to farm. Such a ratio of risks and benefits was not equal at all, so naturally no one would have any awe.
Heart.
If you can corrupt hundreds, tens of thousands, or even tens of thousands of people during your term of office to the point of wealth that will never be obtained in a lifetime, then even if you have to sacrifice one life, how can you stop the successors? And this is still possible.
, there are still many people who are lucky. If they are not caught, wouldn't they make a profit? Just like later generations know that poison is so powerful that once caught, it will lead to death, but it is still forbidden and difficult to stop.
What's more, the punishment is lighter than the poison. I don't know how much corruption?
Pang Tong said that a living person can receive a "posthumous title". Although there are differences, the meaning is very accurate.
You will reap what you sow, and you will always have to pay back what you sow. Since you have obtained extremely high benefits, you will naturally have to bear great risks. Fei Qian is basically the "initiator" now, and then he follows
Pang Tong and Xun You in the back are the "coercors". If the Fei Latent Territory breaks up, it is basically equivalent to the whole family being in the same pot. Even if they are not dead, they will be imprisoned. However, Pang Tong and Xun You have the opportunity to "abandon the dark and turn to the light", so the risk is relatively low.
It is said to be a lower level, but for other gentry children, there is basically no risk, so how can they feel any pressure and how can they do their best in doing things?
Now, Fei Qian said that if you want to be an official, you can, but the kind of "official" who used to drink wine, sing coloratura, keep it in your pocket, and lie to superiors and subordinates is gone now!
If you do well, you will be rewarded. If you do not do well, sorry, you will be given a "living posthumous title" for the rest of your life!
The posthumous title system was widely implemented by the Zhou royal family and various countries in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods, until Qin Shihuang believed that the posthumous title had the suspicion of "the son speaks to his father, and the minister speaks to the emperor", so he abolished it. It was not until the establishment of the Western Han Dynasty that the posthumous title system was restored.
The so-called posthumous title is to use one or two words to make a general evaluation of a person's life, which can be regarded as a final conclusion. Therefore, it is very valued by the nobles. For example, Liu Xie was called "Xian" after his death. He is now alive.
Of course there is no, and the so-called "Young Emperor" is not a real posthumous title, it is just a title for convenience by later generations, such as Emperor Zhi and Emperor Chong. The same is true. And there are some fun ones, such as Sun Quan was called "Emperor Zhi" after his death.
He is called the "Great Emperor", and this is unprecedented in China.
Maybe just a little less "canine"?
Fei Qian thought maliciously.
It’s just that many things were strictly prohibited at the beginning and later collapsed. When the posthumous titles first started, they were all one or two characters before the Sui Dynasty, but starting from the Tang Dynasty, they began to be spoiled. The number of characters in the emperor’s posthumous titles gradually increased.
, Xuanzong Li Longji decided to change the posthumous titles of the late emperors to seven characters, such as Li Yuan as "the great sage Shen Yao, the great emperor Guangxiao", and Li Shimin as "the great sage great Guangxiao emperor".
Afterwards, they started to imitate each other, and each one was better at playing. Among them, the best one was the 25-character posthumous title, "Chengtian, Guangyun, Shengde, Shengong, Ji, Ji, Ren, Xiaorui, Wu Duanyi, Qin'an, Hongwen and Destiny"
Emperor Gao"...
Now, what do scholars value most?
It’s the reputation of Menlin!
It’s a family legacy!
The set of "eight beetles" standards and punishment plan introduced by Fei Qian almost hit the important point of these nobles' children at once, and they were immediately sour. It was like overturning the old altar...