Chapter 2012 Small-scale peasant economy cannot be established unless it is destroyed
Is the small-scale farmer economy good?
This is a question that is difficult to comment on directly. Just like in the world of children, most things are either good or bad, but in the world of adults, it is difficult to say definite black and white, and most of them are only gray.
As a time traveler, Fei Qian often thinks about what he can bring to China with his status? Is it to fight, kill, kill, and then reward himself with a beautiful woman every time he conquers a new territory? Also
Or do nothing, just live your life as a mascot?
War is not everything in the Three Kingdoms. Killing people, grabbing things and grabbing women is the greatest happiness and the most satisfying thing. It is the only desire left in the monkey heads of most Hu people. Fei Qian is a modern person from later generations. Could it be that he returned to the Han Dynasty?
Did the Three Kingdoms turn into monkeys instead?
Therefore, in the present moment, Feiqian has to think more and more profoundly than in later generations.
Since they have the advantage of a macro perspective compared to the people of the Han Dynasty, why do they still fall into simple killing?
Fei Qian looked at Pang Tong and Zhuge Liang.
These two people are called dragons and phoenixes in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms. They are naturally very intelligent, but after all, they lack thousands of years of ideological accumulation and are not as broad and far-reaching as Fei Qian on certain issues. This is not the problem of Pang Tong and Zhuge Liang.
It's not that they are stupid, it's the gap in their original information accumulation.
Pang Tong and Zhuge Liang are like blind men holding lanterns, trying hard to find the way to the future, while Fei Qian stands on the shoulders of historical giants and can easily see the outline of history...
When Pang Tong and Zhuge Liang were still thinking about farming, Fei Qian had already realized that the current crisis could also be said to be an opportunity.
The reason why China chose the agricultural path is directly related to factors such as the natural environment and climatic conditions in ancient China.
In the era of ancient tribes, China was in a natural environment with a warm and humid climate and many forests and grasslands. This natural environment made it easier to obtain food through intensive labor than hunting, and wild millet, millet, rice and other plant seeds
, has been able to meet people's certain food needs. Therefore, the Chinese nation had already decided to embark on the path of farming in the early Neolithic Age.
At first, the concept of farming, or agriculture, was relatively broad, but in the Chinese feudal dynasty, the scope of farming became narrower and narrower, referring specifically to grain cultivation. Even research on how to increase grain production sometimes involved
It was criticized as a "fantastic and obscene technique", not to mention other things.
It was Shang Yang who attached great importance to farming and laid the first stone on the lives of the Chinese people.
When Shang Yang was reforming the Qin State, he clearly put forward the idea of promoting agriculture as the basis of governing the country. "The livelihood of the people is to take advantage of it, to take advantage of it, to take advantage of it, and to take advantage of power. If a wise king carefully observes these three, the country can be governed."
And what the people can achieve... Therefore, the rule of the sage is to restrain the ability with many prohibitions, and to deceive the ability by allowing the power. If the two are used in preference, the people in the territory will be the same. The people will be farmers, and the farmers will be simple, and the simple people will live in peace.
Evil comes out..."
Five people...
Is it cruel? Cruel. Is it useful? Useful. Just because it is useful, I keep using it and never think about innovation. As long as it can be used, why bother with it?
"The people are simple, and they live in peace and harmony." Later it evolved into "the king governs the people, the people govern the land, the land produces grains, and the grains stabilize the country." Among these four relationships, as long as the people work in agriculture, they can get grains, and then the grains can be obtained.
Anbang is prosperous and the country is prosperous. This understanding also reflects the essence of the ruler's "agriculture-oriented" thinking and is also the long-lasting foundation of the "small-scale peasant economy" idea.
Yes, the key point is the idea of small-scale peasant economy.
As a result, the rulers gradually shifted from "emphasis on the people" to "emphasis on the land."
"Therefore, powerful and powerful people from all over the world compete for land, but underestimate the people..." Fei Qian said slowly, "Because of the accumulation of goods and wealth in the world, there are always worries about water, fire, thieves. Rare things are especially prone to disasters."
A man in the grassland can't sleep peacefully if he has ten pieces of gold. He only has land, and he doesn't have to worry about fire, water, or thieves."
"Although there are violent people, they cannot compete for the size; even though they have great strength, they cannot defeat them. Tens of millions of hectares can be worth tens of thousands of gold, and there is no one to protect them. Even if there are wars and chaos, people leave their homes and go home.
, things were decided to come back, and there were houses, houses, and livestock gathered together, but nothing could be questioned. On this piece of land, the person with the surname Zhang still belongs to Zhang, the person with the surname Li still belongs to Li, and Ying Ying cultivated it, and it is still a prosperous family..."
So with this kind of thinking, can people on this piece of "soil" still be valued?
It doesn't matter if all the people die, as long as the fields are still there, it becomes a habit to remain on one's own laurels.
"At the beginning of the Han Dynasty, the chaos of the Seven Kingdoms was regarded as a struggle between counties and kingdoms, but it was actually the harm of ceding territories to oneself..." Fei Qian looked at the two of them and said slowly, "Within the Seven Kingdoms, taxes belong to the localities. Salt and iron.
The coins are all produced by oneself, so it is called a subordinate country. How is it different from other countries?"
"In today's situation, big surnames in various places are building large forts. It looks like they are defending themselves, but in reality they are taking tenants and taking the people. Everything they produce will belong to them. Salt, iron, and weapons will not be asked for by others. If there is a good opportunity,
It means occupying other places and plundering places. How is this different from the chaotic wars of the Spring and Autumn Period?"
After Fei Qian finished speaking, Pang Tong and Zhuge Liang were silent.
During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the small-scale peasant economy adapted to the needs of the times. The Qin State, which vigorously promoted the small-scale peasant economy, was consolidated by its people, and every time the Qin Dynasty conquered a piece of land, it expanded its strength. After all, whether it was Zhao or Qi,
They are all within the territory of China, and they are all countries with a large amount of farmland suitable for farming. Even the Chu State has a large land of plenty. Therefore, during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, there was nothing wrong with the small-scale peasant economy, and most of it had positive effects.
However, when the unification of China was basically completed and the Han Dynasty inherited the legacy of the Qin Dynasty, it was suddenly discovered that the land around China seemed unsuitable for farming. From this moment on, the physiocratic thinking of the "small peasant economy" began to slowly
It has restricted the progress of the Chinese nation...
There is nothing wrong with the small-scale peasant economy, but there are big problems with the thinking of the small-scale peasant economy.
Especially when the "small-scale peasant economy" was linked to the clan and became the only means for the feudal dynasty to maintain its rule, the repeated rise and fall of the Chinese landowner class and internal strife inevitably occurred.
The formation of the gentry's surnames was actually the result of the combined effect of the consciousness of blood kinship and long-term regular settlement. This system was not a bad thing at the beginning. On the contrary, it was also conducive to the survival and development of mankind.
In the early days, due to the low productivity, within the gentry family, the family head maintained and coordinated the relationships among the members of the gentry. The core position of the family head within the gentry undoubtedly played a certain role in stabilizing the family and gathering clan members.
, and formed common economic interests to a certain extent.
In other words, the gentry's surname was actually an expanded "small-scale peasant economic" system. In the Han Dynasty, this expanded small-scale peasant economic system had already shown great disadvantages.
"The fourth generation and the three nobles, the crowned clan in the world!" Fei Qian looked into the distance, his voice was steady, but what he said was like thunder, "What does such a clan ask for? Does the court not treat it well? Do the people disrespect it? Ran encounter
The world is in a state of sudden change, and those who plan or worry about it have no thought of the public good, only the selfish desires of the family! Is this what the Han Dynasty has gained by raising scholars for four hundred years?"
Pang Tong and Zhuge Liang still couldn't answer.
Are all the Yuan family bad guys, born to poach the powerful men?
Obviously not. There are also loyal ministers and capable officials among the Yuan family. But from the perspective of the entire Yuan family, when the Yuan family's disciples are everywhere, controlling the ministerial office, and monopolizing the official career of Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty, its nature
It slowly changed.
Any monopoly will eventually maintain its own monopoly, and then abandon all morality and kindness, no matter how hypocritical it seems on the surface.
In the beginning, clans and nobles gathered together in order to make their families survive better. However, after discovering the benefits of monopoly, in order to cover up the differences between noble and humble, rich and poor, they did not hesitate to pretend to be saints.
, fabricating prophecies, taking quotes out of context, advocating for the monarch and his subjects to be subordinated, downplaying or covering up the original contradictions as much as possible, and even resorting to cruelty and oppression, betraying loyalty, ignoring the country and the nation, just to maintain their original monopoly position.
At this time, the concept of family, country, and world, and family before the country, gradually became an unshakable concept.
Although the small-scale peasant economy has achieved self-sufficiency to a certain extent with men farming and women weaving, and coupled with the clan system, it has a certain role in resisting the risk of bankruptcy and safeguarding family interests, but it essentially binds people to the land.
The narrow purpose of production objectively forced the Chinese nation to halt its outward expansion and to confine itself to a relatively small space for its own entertainment. In the end, others opened the door with guns and cannons.
So, is the small-scale farmer economy good?
It is good within a certain range and within a certain period of time.
Are there any flaws in the small-scale peasant economy?
Yes, and it's not small.
So should the small-scale peasant economy be changed, and when?
It's the present moment.
Is it possible that a time-traveler, knowing this shortcoming, still watches the Chinese nation fall into such pits again and again? Still unable to escape from this circle, unable to escape from such imprisonment?
Speaking of some idealistic words, God is very partial to China. Every time the Little Glacier comes in history, it is the best opportunity to correct the small peasant economy. However, the Chinese ruling class in history have pushed back again and again. Falling out of the hand stretched out by God...
Because only in the face of large-scale natural disasters, the small-scale peasant economy is the most vulnerable. With just a gentle push, China's wheels will move in another direction.
Fei Qian stood up and walked to the front of the hall with his hands behind his back.
"The period of great cold is a natural disaster..."
The treetops in the courtyard are swaying.
"Of course, it's also the timing of heaven..."
The flags fluttering in front of the hospital.
"The sky cannot be clear, the earth cannot be peaceful, the gods cannot be spiritual, the grain cannot be full..."
Three-color flags were fluttering above the city.
"If you don't bandit, it will be detrimental to a gentleman's integrity. He will go to the great and come to the small. This is the period of Qian and Kun..."
The strong wind rushed wildly in the fields accompanied by the chants of the workers working.
"A gentleman uses frugality to overcome difficulties, does not use glory for wealth, does not neglect the Tao, corrects his position, supports his fall, saves all people from hardship, and creates peace in the world!"
Dark clouds are rolling in the distance, and the sky and earth are changing color!
In the hall, Pang Tong and Zhuge Liang looked at each other and couldn't help but sigh together. Normally, at this time, Pang Tong and Zhuge Liang would have banged their heads on the floor, then stuck out their buttocks and shouted something like "I would like to follow the general's wings". Or "The Lord is wise and powerful" and so on, but at the moment Pang Tong and Zhuge Liang both frowned and hesitated to speak.
Other lords panic when there is a natural disaster and are busy responding to the disaster, but our lord actually thinks of causing trouble during the natural disaster...
This is really... what else can be said? It seems that I only called the wrong person by the wrong name, not the wrong nickname. Hidden Kun, hidden in the abyss, once exposed to the world, wouldn't it be Dapeng?
Fei Qian smiled and motioned for Pang Tong and Zhuge Liang to follow him. The three of them turned around the hall, walked around the corridor, arrived at a pavilion on the side, climbed up to a high platform, and leaned on the railing to overlook.
The snow did not continue to fall, but the inexplicable wind got stronger and stronger. The sky was also gloomy. It was obviously daytime, but it was almost like dusk. The sun didn't know where it was sleeping under the clouds, and it couldn't be found.
In the distance, in the market place, people were still busy, the jingle of caravans and camels could also be faintly heard in the wind, and the cover of the hotel was shaking in the wind as if it was drunk...
This is a human being, and everyone is different.
Just like Pang Tong is not Zhuge Liang, both of them are smart, but they also have their own characteristics.
It's just that some people don't like it, saying that this Pang Tong is not like Pang Tong, and that Zhuge is not Zhuge. These people only like what they like. After all, the world will never lack the kind of self-centered people, and it seems that this kind of people should say
Good is good. What he sees with his eyes open is real. When he closes his eyes, everything is false.
Just like since it is the Three Kingdoms, then naturally there will be stars shining brightly, and everyone will appear on stage. If you only want to watch one person's performance, you can search for "I became Liu Laoer", or "I licked in the Dong Mansion"
Diao Chan" and so on.
These people don't want a hundred flowers to bloom and a hundred schools of thought to contend. They just want everything to be in one format. If they see a difference in the format they like, they will stand on a high place and shout loudly to show their wisdom...
Just like those people who desperately maintain the small peasant economy.
Why did the ruling class of the feudal dynasty like the small-scale peasant economy?
Because it is easy to manage.
Uniform cosplay...well, in a standardized society, this is the style they like.
The people have become diverse, how to manage them? It seems to be very troublesome. Then take the square frame and click it upwards, and the group of people will become the same. Just leave some things for them to eat and drink, and there will be more
Just reluctantly keep those things on your behalf. Anyway, the less things people have in their pockets, the less they will think about other things.
And are the highest rulers in feudal dynasties all fools? Not necessarily.
There is also some understanding.
For these smarter emperors, what are the common people? Food, clothing and parents. Is there any difference between having them and not having them? A king will not be a king. So are the common people important? Very important! What should we do?
Maintain stability! Stability is the foundation of everything. The small-scale peasant economy is very stable.
In an ideal state, the emperor wanted to give the people just enough to eat, and bring the rest to the palace, and store it in the government office first, to prepare for emergencies in times of disaster and famine, when other countries attack.
But in reality, the emperor looked at so many things in the warehouse and thought that this was not the way to go. Let's use some to repair the palace first, then build a few palaces and put some beauties in them. The palace before his death was so big.
, why should I have a larger mausoleum after my death?
The storage was accidentally consumed.
What should we do if we encounter a disaster and the enemy attacks us? We can only increase taxes and issue military service, so that people can work for free and contribute food to tide over the difficulties, but we must be stable!
What should I do if I am unstable? Oh, I am scared when I think of the death of Qin II...
Therefore, the best way is to combine the small-scale peasant economy with the double restriction of the policy of obscuring the people, suppressing business and household registration management. Then you will find that China has been feudal for thousands of years and has never been able to get rid of the thinking of the small-scale peasant economy. It was originally used to imprison
The shackles of the common people ended up on his own feet.
If Fei Qian wants to change all this, he will naturally have to pay a price.
"You two..." Fei Qian pointed to the distance, "What did you see?"
Pang Tong and Zhuge Liang looked at it, "Shifang? What does the Lord mean..."
"In the market, some are good at wine, some are good at cooking, there are merchants, and there are craftsmen, each with their own strengths..." Fei Qian pointed and said, "If you want these people, everyone can cultivate the land.
I know how to weave cloth, make wine, and make utensils...is that okay?"
"This...this is naturally inappropriate." Zhuge Liang said.
"Those who are superior should make full use of their talents..." Fei Qian pointed to the market in the distance, "Let those who are good at farming farm, those who are good at business, let those who are good at business use their talents, and those who are honest use their strength. How can we blame everyone? People in the world are like this,
The same is true for the wealthy gentry families everywhere!』
"China is thousands of miles across, how can it be the same everywhere? Those who are near the mountains have trees, and those who are near the water have fish. Each has its own products, each has its own strengths, just like I made a golden fan, you made a pearl brocade, and exchanged the fan for the brocade.
It's a great beauty." Fei Qian chuckled, "However, the big gentry families built forts to consolidate their estates. They didn't seek beauty, but were afraid of losing it. They made crude imitations and didn't want to make progress... It would be fine in normal years.
Well, if it is now, it will be redundant construction and wasteful! It will not help the country, so what will it benefit China? Think about it from this, how much did the Han Dynasty spend for more than four hundred years? If all these properties were used for the country, what benefit would it have to China?
What will happen?!』
"What my lord said is true..." Pang Tong sighed, "If the wind is warm and the sun is bright, the branches will naturally be lush and difficult to distinguish. If the weather is cold and the ground is freezing, we can only remove the rough and extract the essence, eliminating the false and retaining the true..."
"It can even distinguish between places and eliminate the worries of the seven kingdoms..." Zhuge Liang also nodded slowly, and said with bright eyes, "The general is indeed far-sighted, I admire him very much..."
The specialties of different regions in China are different, and in many cases it is impossible to say that everyone wants them. Just like a place obviously does not produce copper and iron, and it insists on purchasing copper and iron to build a smelting place. What do you want? Do you want to ask the central government?
Isn’t it okay for Tang Cai to buy farm tools and weapons? Do we have to make them ourselves?
"But in this case, I'm afraid..." Pang Tong glanced at Fei Qian, cupped his hands and said, "It's the tax this autumn..."
"If the noble families in the three auxiliary lands in Guanzhong fail to harvest, how much damage will be done?" Fei Qian asked.
Pang Tong had obviously made calculations and said without any pause: "If the worst happens, this year's taxes may only be 40%..."
"Forty percent..." Fei Qian sighed.
Forty percent, we must do it! As the saying goes, if you don't destroy, you can't establish! If not, how can you force these nobles to change their ideas? But in this way, the pressure on Fei Qian will be even greater.
Fei Qian turned around and said, "A gentleman should do something and not do something. Even if you are in trouble, you should do it! Don't worry too much, there is a good thing here, which may temporarily solve the dilemma..."
