In fact, many people have thought about many of the contents of the debate between Zheng Xuan and Sima Hui.
Although I may not have such a clear concept when I was playing Digu, I have definitely encountered them all.
The definition of loyalty and filial piety may be a bit more profound, but everyone will definitely encounter moral and legal problems as long as they are in society. If a person lives alone and never interacts with other people, then morality and law will not matter.
For this person who lives alone, it is meaningless.
Because whether it is morality or law, it regulates the relationship between people. If you do not have any contact with other people and live alone in the natural environment like a savage, then
Morality and law lose their meaning of existence.
With the development of human society, division of labor and cooperation, and then further refined division of labor, make the relationship between people more and more complex. How to behave in the world has become a daily problem for many ordinary people, as well as a topic studied by scholars.
direction.
Demanding others with morality and regulating oneself with laws may seem like discussing the bottom line, but in fact it is just testing the bottom line.
This bottom line will change.
Strictly speaking, neither Zheng Xuan nor Sima Hui were scholars of independent schools.
Just like Confucianism has always emphasized morality, but Zheng Xuan felt that law was very important. Perhaps it was because of the laws implemented by Feiqian Sanfu in Guanzhong that Zheng Xuan changed his original concept of advocating morality. Anyway, Zheng Xuan now does not emphasize that everyone
If you are a gentleman, you will not say anything to make everyone in the world become gentlemen.
The same is true for Sima Hui. Although his moral and legal arguments are somewhat biased towards Confucian moral supremacy, Sima Hui's focus is to promote morality because he wants to reduce the burden on the people, and it is more from the perspective of governing the country.
Go up and look at this issue. Sima Hui feels that officials do not directly produce any "material", so if we focus exclusively on the law, then a lot of manpower and material resources will be needed from arrest, investigation to trial, which will
Wouldn't it be better if the increased burden on society could be solved morally?
Different people naturally see different things and have different arguments.
Both Confucians and Huang Lao actually know that no one in the world, whether they are monarchs or common people, can be moral gentlemen. It's just that neither the Confucians nor Huang Lao before were willing to admit it.
Both the monarch and the people are actually like naughty children. At first they don't understand, then they understand and pretend not to understand, and then they seem to understand but secretly do not understand.
During the Qin Dynasty, laws were taken to the extreme. The King of Qin and his officials were extremely strict. Those who were unfilial to their fathers would be killed, and those who did not help thieves encountered on the road would also be killed! Anyone who falsely accused someone of cheating would be killed!
Those who don’t expose the law are guilty of the same crime! Those who fight with their brothers shave their beards! Those who steal things build the Great Wall! Even those who go the wrong way will be whipped and fined!
The people of Qin did not all abide by it at the beginning. It was only after several generations of continuous indoctrination and solid implementation, coupled with the example of the King of Qin and officials, that such a rigid law was implemented.
In the Han Dynasty, moral education was achieved to the extreme, encouraging people to be filial, friendly, and humble. The emperor set an example, and ministers followed suit. They also established Xiaolian to recommend these moral people to study and become officials, which changed the concept of the people. Let the people know what they should do and what actions are worthy of respect. The emperor of the Han Dynasty and his officials told the people that people must be filial and moral. Look how filial the emperor is, and how humble we are. ,So, only those who are moral can be respected and can be officials. Everyone must respect moral people...
What's the problem with these two different approaches?
Some people will say it is this problem, some people will say it is that problem, but in fact, whether it is to enforce the law or to strengthen morality, it cannot be separated from the four words "lead by example", just like most naughty children have naughty parents. , the fundamental reason for chaotic laws and moral concepts is that there are officials who are more chaotic than the people.
The reason why the Qin State can respect the law is because the King of Qin did the same, and the officials of the Qin State did the same, so the people of the Qin State naturally followed suit. The reason why the Qin State could not continue to implement strict laws in the six countries after it unified the six countries The law is not that there is any big difference between the people of the Six Kingdoms and the people of Qin, but because the officials and old nobles of the Six Kingdoms are different from those of Qin.
These old officials and nobles of the Six Kingdoms couldn't stand it and couldn't do it at all, so they rebelled.
The moral education of the Han Dynasty made China a country of formal etiquette and emphasis on morality. However, the blind pursuit of morality also caused chaos in the future. People deliberately put on a show and used any means to gain fame.
In the beginning, it was just people without talent who were messing around for the sake of fame. Then the bad money drove out the good money, driving the talented people out. After that, the talented people started to use any means, and everyone started to lose their money. The rules are only about showing off. Whoever is better at showing off can be a greater official. If all talents are used for showing off, what else is there to think about using them on the people?
Just like being on the street within an hour, you can arrange a rehearsal and arrange people to meet the superior officer on time for inspection. After the superior officer's inspection is completed, the items are emptied on the front foot and the back foot is empty, and you evacuate quickly. Can this kind of execution efficiency, this kind of execution mechanism, be possible? How much worse is it than what is C or what is K? The personnel who cooperate with the inspection can pretend to be cleaners, pretend to be salespersons, pretend to be customers, pretend to be community members, pretend to be whatever they want, aren't they more elite than 006 and 008? Think about how many organizations across the country are putting on a show , and how many people are involved?
Therefore, many questions actually have preconditions. Without discussing the preconditions, it is impossible to determine the standard of a certain question. However, only the question of "loyalty and filial piety" is aimed at everyone, no matter what the preconditions are. Living alone, or serving as an official, whether in the Qin State or the Han Dynasty, when a person is born, he usually has parents, so "filial piety" must be involved, and as long as this person has contact with the outside world, then there must be an extension of "loyalty"... …
In the end, both Zheng Xuan and Sima Hui realized this.
If you want to simply explain and clarify some side issues, it is actually impossible. It will only become more and more confusing.
But all social problems can generally be attributed to the concepts of "loyalty" and "filial piety". One is external, the other is internal, one is a person's attitude in society, and the other is a person's standard in the family.
The so-called "efforts" and "responsibility" actually have similar meanings, but "responsibility" cannot be shied away from, that is, it is something that everyone must have when they are born, while "strength" is relatively loose.
Some.
Although the division of human attributes in later generations is more scientific in nature, for the current people of the Han Dynasty, a clear, simple and easy-to-understand concept will obviously be easier for the people to accept than the terms and conditions of human social attributes in later generations.
With the finalization of "loyalty and filial piety", there was an upsurge of discussion and debate in Qinglong Temple.
Regardless of the subsequent controversy inside Qinglong Temple, Zheng Xuan and Sima Hui, who caused the controversy, are now facing a major test in their lives.
The test of life and death.
Zheng Xuan was sent to the Hundred Medical Center.
Although some decoctions were poured in time and acupuncture was performed, the symptoms were not completely resolved and became more serious as time went by.
Hua Tuo, Taicang Chunyu, Zhang Yun and others sat together for consultation, all with solemn faces.
Compared with Zheng Xuan, Sima Hui is much better.
Old people are like this originally. The one year difference between the upper and lower years is like the difference between heaven and earth. One year earlier, he might still be able to carry a load to go to the market. The next year, his back and legs would hurt and he could not walk a few miles. The year after that, he might not be able to walk a few miles.
It’s hard to go out even if you can only stay at home...
Although Sima Hui is not as serious as Zheng Xuan, a serious illness is inevitable. However, with the care of doctors from Baiyi Medical Hall, there will be no problem in his recovery.
The one in danger is Zheng Xuan, who is older and in worse health.
According to Guoyuan's description, Zheng Xuan actually had some symptoms of a stroke before the argument. Although they were not very obvious, these symptoms intensified after this fierce argument.
Although Hua Tuo and Taicang said they carried out timely rescue on the spot, it could not completely solve the problems of vascular aging and embolism caused by Zheng Xuan's old age. In addition, the previous argument was very emotional. At the end of the argument, they suddenly relaxed and let it go.
Next time, Zheng Xuan has a big problem.
If it were an ordinary old man, under the current medical conditions of the Han Dynasty, he would basically give up. But the problem is that Zheng Xuan is not an ordinary old man.
Moreover, Zheng Xuan and Sima Huicai had just proposed the concept of "loyalty and filial piety". It is necessary and necessary to sit in Qinglong Temple to confirm this concept and then promote it. If Zheng Xuan died like this, even with Sima Yi's endorsement, there would definitely be
Many Shandong keyboard warriors would jump out and criticize, saying that this was just Sima Hui's one-sided statement.
The Sima family and the Hussars are already wearing a pair of trousers, what else can they say?
At the same time, Sima Hui did not have Zheng Xuan's mass base, or recognition. After all, Zheng Xuan had many disciples in Youzhou, Jizhou, etc., so Zheng Xuan could say that in Youzhou, Jizhou, he had many disciples.
In this area, maybe a hundred words from Sima Hui are more useful.
After all, Sima Hui's main battlefields were in Hanoi and Jingzhou.
Therefore, whether it is from a humanitarian standpoint or a political level, Zheng Xuan must save people and snatch people away from death.
But this is not an easy job...
"Now Mr. Zheng is careless, his joints are not strong, he cannot use strong medicine, his hands and feet are inconvenient, and his intelligence is confused. This is because he has wind and saliva in his head." Hua Tuo said, "Drink the soup slowly and don't rush to take effect. Golden needles
Proper measures cannot be used to achieve the full effect. Only by opening one's mind can eradication be achieved. However, there are short-term plans and insufficient strength. There are leaks from time to time. It is more important than fear. It is difficult to decide on a strategy and does not know the intention of the cavalry.
how?"
"Are you trying to gain fame?" Fei Qian was startled. Did Hua Tuo mistook Zheng Xuan for Cao Cao?
Of course, there is nothing in history about Hua Tuo being able to open his brain, let alone that Hua Tuo said he wanted to chop off Cao Cao's head in front of Cao Cao. It was just that Cao Cao had a severe headache and wanted Hua Tuo to be his personal doctor.
, then Hua Tuo did not agree, so Cao Cao imprisoned Hua Tuo. After coercion and inducement failed, he killed Hua Tuo.
Because at that time, Cao Cao felt that he had been offended anyway. If he was really ill, even if Hua Tuo could cure it, how could he ensure that Hua Tuo would not do anything wrong during the treatment? So he simply killed him, but he did not expect that Cao Chong would become seriously ill later...
…
However, it was obvious at the moment that Zheng Xuan was not Cao Cao, so Hua Tuo did not need to mix in any personal emotions or family feelings when treating Zheng Xuan, so he just stated the risks of the operation to He Fei.
Fei Qian did not make a decision immediately, but went to Zheng Xuan's ward.
Zheng Xuan has woken up, but his limbs have not yet recovered, and his facial muscles look relatively stiff.
Guoyuan stood beside him, with a look of sadness and worry on his face.
There are several types of strokes, and Cao Cao's type should probably be considered one of them. Problems with the blood vessels in the head, especially the brain nerves, are almost a forbidden area for human medicine. Even in later generations, it is still an extremely difficult project.
Needless to say, acute stroke is basically a life-threatening situation. If the rescue is delayed, the patient will be left hanging on the wall. Even if the patient is rescued, there will be many sequelae.
But strokes can also be divided into short-lived or slightly recoverable types. To put it simply, if the blood clot does not block the blood vessel tightly, it will be fine. Once it is completely blocked or directly ruptured, it is basically a step-over.
Entering the gate of death. Therefore, acute stroke is also called complete stroke.
Zheng Xuan is not a complete stroke, but he is not too good either.
According to Fei Qian's judgment, it should be a little blocked, but not completely blocked. If there are later thrombolytic drugs or some interventional surgery, find the blocked blood vessels and reopen them.
After that, at least half of the problem can be solved, but now, there are no thrombolytic drugs and no X-ray CT machine.
Only Hua Tuo still had crude surgical tools.
"Mr. Zheng?" Fei Qian sat next to Zheng Xuan and called softly.
I don't know if it was due to psychological factors, but Fei Qian felt that Zheng Xuan seemed very old and thin.
Zheng Xuan woke up from his drowsiness, his eyes were a little wandering and confused. It took him a long time to focus on Fei Qian's face with difficulty, but it seemed that he couldn't focus at all. It was just because Fei Qian's voice caught Zheng Xuan's attention.
"@#￥..." Zheng Xuan seemed to have said something, but it seemed like unconscious words.
Guoyuan, who was lying on the sickbed, looked even more sad.
Fei Qian sighed softly and slowly exited the ward.
"If I don't use the golden sword and apply decoction, I wonder if I can recover..." Fei Qian turned to ask Hua Tuo, Zhang Yun, Taicang Chunyu and others who were following him.
Everyone looked at each other and remained silent.
Hua Tuo was more direct in nature, "If you don't use the golden sword, you may not be able to survive. Mr. Zheng is old and frail. If you don't urgently eliminate the disease, the decoction will be useless."
Zhang Zhongjing is not in Chang'an. If he were in Chang'an now, he would probably come for consultation. But even if Zhang Zhongjing comes now, it may not have any decisive effect. After all, Zhang Zhongjing's specialty is not surgery, but internal medicine.
In the entire Hundred Medical Clinic, only Hua Tuo can be regarded as a general practitioner and dares to actually face the bloody scene. There are also Zhang Yun who is good at metal trauma, and Taicang Chunyu who is good at women and children. These three people have some experience in surgery.
Yes, most of the other people are in the field of internal medicine. They can prescribe acupuncture and have no problem, but they generally don’t know how to use a knife.
It’s not like Baiyi Hospital has never performed surgeries. It has done a lot of cecum cutting, intestinal dissection, and sawing stumps. Although there is no way to achieve a sterile and dust-free operating room in future generations, it is already the best and cleanest condition at the moment.
.
There are also top doctors and assistants from Han Dynasty.
Fei Qian hesitated.
If Hua Tuo was not allowed to undergo surgery, it would basically be equivalent to conservative treatment for future generations.
If Zheng Xuan were younger, relying on the body's instinctive repair would not be better than surgery. After all, the surgical conditions of the big man are not as good as those of later generations. But similarly, the decoction taken from the intestines and stomach is slow, and it is possible
Before the medicine could take effect, Zheng Xuan's illness worsened again...
If an operation was performed, according to Hua Tuo's character, if there were no risks, he would have done it long ago. And even if Hua Tuo didn't say anything, Fei Qian knew that if he operated on Zheng Xuan under such circumstances, the mortality rate would be 100%.
This is a good result. After all, in the history of surgical development, there are many cases where the mortality rate exceeds 100%.
Without surgery, Zheng Xuan might die slowly, for a few days at most.
After the operation, Zheng Xuan might die on the spot, but there was a slight chance of surviving.
"Yuanhua..." Fei Qian asked in a deep voice, "Have you ever treated similar patients before?"
Hua Tuo nodded and said: "I have done it. I have opened the brains and saliva of three people in total..."
"Oh?" Fei Qian was stunned for a moment.
Did Hua Tuo really undergo similar surgery?
"But these three people are dead..." Hua Tuo continued.
Fei Qian: "..."
"I later followed the refugees... Only the refugees didn't care about these things..." Hua Tuo said slowly, "Many people died among the refugees... Sometimes there are some cannibals among the refugees who will kill people first and then ensnare them.
I shaved off the flesh... I went to pick up the remaining heads. Haha, those people thought I liked to eat human brains... I don’t remember how many people’s heads I had opened in total..."
Hua Tuo seemed to rub his hands subconsciously, as if to wipe off the blood on his hands, "Qiaoqi, if you hadn't opened a hundred medical clinics, I wouldn't have come..."
In this world, only Baiyi Clinic offers exhumation courses and provides cadavers to doctors for medical research.
"But Mr. Zheng..." Fei Qian muttered, "After all, it is Mr. Zheng..."
Hua Tuo shook his head and said, "In someone's eyes, there are only patients."
Fei Qian was silent for a longer time, "Is this the only way to deal with Mr. Zheng's condition?"
Hua Tuo nodded, "If you don't practice this technique, you may not be able to survive more than seven days. If you practice this technique, you will either die immediately, or your life will be extended for several more years."
Fei Qian took a deep breath, "But, I'll leave everything to Yuan Hua."
Hua Tuo lowered his head and cupped his hands, then turned around and left.
Fei Qian stood in the courtyard of Baiyi Hospital, looking at the floating clouds in the sky.
Behind him, there were doctors and assistants coming and going in a hurry.
Hot soup, strong liquor.
Potion, blood.
Linen, red clothes.
The light and shadow shift, the clouds roll and relax.
After an unknown amount of time, Hua Tuo walked up to Fei Qian with the smell of blood all over his body. His voice was full of tiredness and calm, and he said, "Qi Qi Hussar, we are saved...
』
Only then did Fei Qian feel his legs were a little sore and numb, "Shan... Yuan Hua has worked hard..."
