In the memory of later generations, Yumen Pass is in ruins.
Because the history of Yumen Pass is the history of people in the Central Plains of China becoming more and more shrinking. Of course, abandoned passes have no value in repairing them. From the Han Dynasty, to the Tang Dynasty, and then to the Song Dynasty, Yumen Pass moved all the way eastward, and today it has retreated two hundred meters.
miles, and tomorrow it will go back two hundred miles, and then it will disappear directly. It doesn’t matter whether it was closed or not.
Only Yumen Pass in the early Han Dynasty expanded westward.
Yumen Pass in the Western Han Dynasty extended from Longxi at the beginning to the west.
In the early days of the heroic and ambitious Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty who carved out the Western Regions and conquered the Western Regions, the scope of his rule expanded step by step, and the westernmost seat of the Han Dynasty also moved westward, and Yumen Pass was no exception.
In order to expand territory and defend against enemies, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty moved to the border and moved to the border. It was undoubtedly the only way at that time. It was like some countries in later generations secretly moving border stone monuments. In fact, as early as the time of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the Han people had already
So much fun.
Unfortunately, as dynasties changed, subsequent dynasties did not seem to have the broad-mindedness of the Han Dynasty, so the westernmost government no longer moved westward, but moved eastward.
From the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty, the location of Yumen Pass was moved from the northwest of Dunhuang to Jinchang County, Guazhou, east of Dunhuang.
When Xuanzang of the Tang Dynasty came out of the customs, he recorded in the "Biography of Tripitaka Master of Daci'en Temple" that "it is wide at the bottom and narrow at the top. The waves are very fast and deep and cannot be crossed. The Yumen Pass is built above, and the road must pass through it, which is the throat of the western border."
I’m talking about Guazhou Yumen Pass, which has retreated.
By the time of the Five Dynasties and the early Song Dynasty, Yumen Pass returned to its original starting point, which was the earliest Shiguan Gorge.
Then further back, even Yumen Pass is gone, and only Jiayuguan is left.
Sometimes Fei Qian feels a little emotional that the truth of history may not be as simple as what later generations see in textbooks or movies and TV shows.
If we only look at some concepts and changes in history from the perspective of future generations, it is easy to be biased or even unfair. Because modern civilization and modern people’s understanding of the world is different from the ancients, so if
If we cannot put aside some modern cognitions and do not consider the positions of the ancients, then it is inevitable that there will be various problems.
It's like getting married.
Fei Qian himself can actually be considered a part of the "harmony" policy.
If you look at the "marriage" policy from a macro perspective, especially from the perspective of history itself, it is actually a political marriage.
Some boxers often say that it is a shame to exchange a woman's happiness for peace, and then they can attract the approval of some people who don't know what is going on and don't want to delve deeper. In fact, it is somewhat extreme. Because from then on
From ancient times to the present, are there any benefits that can be obtained without paying any price? Do you really think that you can get benefits from boxing? Especially when the immediate interests and long-term interests may conflict with each other.
Starting from the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, as children of the royal family, they also have to bear responsibilities after enjoying the treatment of the royal family. Men serve as hostages, and women often become tools for marriage. In fact, to a certain extent, this is not the same as "harmony".
There is no difference. These children of the royal family will all go to places outside their own country. Once they go out, it will be life or death. They must have the courage and be able to risk their lives.
The marriage policy in the early Han Dynasty was actually a helpless choice at first.
After all, the Xiongnu were a nomadic people who had been seriously harassing the Central Plains since the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. They would wait for the Han people to harvest in autumn and come to rob them. When the Han army rushed over, these locust-like guys had already disappeared. Wait.
When the Han people wanted to fight, they hid in the desert and had no fixed place to live. This really made the kings of the Central Plains from the Spring and Autumn Period to the Han Dynasty lose their temper.
After all, in an era when communication was all about roaring, by the time the army received the beacon smoke and rushed over, they would have already looted all their belongings and ran away...
So Qin Shihuang could only build the Great Wall in the end.
The Qin State really wanted to fight. After all, the name of strong Qin was not just mentioned casually. The Qin Dynasty destroyed many strong bones in its eastward and westward expeditions. It was not that it could not defeat the Xiongnu, but the key was that it could not be defeated. Qin Shihuang also lost his temper, so he used this
tactics, and indeed had some positive and negative influences on the defensive thinking of later generations of China.
In the Han Dynasty, the territory expanded, just like the Yumen Pass built by Fei Qian. As it expanded outward, the pass could be moved, but the Great Wall could not be moved, but these newly acquired territories could not be discarded, and there were also
The people have opened up the frontier and begun to multiply and live, so we can't just throw it away.
Liu Bang, the gangster leader, was originally arrogant. He had just unified the world and was in high spirits. He was probably looked down upon by no one and wanted to surpass Qin Shihuang. However, the siege of Baishan Mountain made Liu Bang clearly realize that only with the military force at that time
, could not resolve the dispute with the Huns, so they adopted a "peace and marriage" policy to win over the Huns, maintain border peace, and exchange for space and time for the development of wretchedness.
As for the Tang Dynasty, marriage had a bit of a civilized feel. After all, there were a lot of dowry items and craftsmen...
It's just that this kind of marriage strategy, or most similar foreign strategies of countries, will always be artificially ruined in the middle and late stages.
The Great Wall, vassal states, peace, etc. were all designed to solve some problems at first, but ended up collapsing later.
No one wants to "solve", but continues to "imitate".
Then this kind of "imitating" even continued into later generations. In the long history, there are countless literati with malicious intentions or stupidity shouting, "Don't set this precedent..."
Investigate the reason, and what is it?
Fei Qian stood silently, his eyes distant.
This time, he brought many civil servants with him.
These civil servants came to the Western Regions "voluntarily".
It is really voluntary, not forced voluntary.
Sometimes, human beings will make some jokes for themselves sincerely, like "voluntary" is supposed to be a neutral word with a more positive meaning, vaguely containing dedication and sacrifice, but it is a pity that all good things fall into the hands of capitalists.
When it happens, it can always be manipulated to the point of collapse, and then even worse changes will be derived.
The vast majority of these civil servants have certain ambitions and want to improve their own class, but have not found any suitable direction for the time being. Such people are not only found in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, but also in the Han Dynasty, as well as
It was also found in subsequent feudal social dynasties.
During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, these people traveled among the six kingdoms, trading their talents for official positions, for a chance to breathe with their heads raised, and for a position where they could leave their names in history.
In the early days of the Han Dynasty, Liu Bang was surrounded by a large number of such people, especially the people of the Six Kingdoms who were suppressed by the Qin Dynasty. When these people of the Six Kingdoms lifted the ceiling that covered them, they also became the ceiling for those who came after them.
.
By the time of the Eastern Han Dynasty, ordinary civil servants in Shandong no longer had much room for promotion. This was a very fatal problem, but those in power in Shandong still did not have much reaction, or even if they knew about it, they had already done it.
Interested parties just pretend that they can’t see, hear, or understand clearly.
It is said that Cao Cao once made some moves in Jizhou and wanted to change some things, but he encountered strong backlash and finally had to postpone...
This made Fei Qian feel ridiculous.
What is ridiculous is not these people, but the greed these people showed in the process.
As a political figure, it can be said that he has basically got rid of the worries of food and clothing, and if he does well, he can also get a long-term meal ticket for future generations. This can be regarded as taking care of even the interests after death.
, but some people will still be dissatisfied.
These people are obviously wiser and more knowledgeable than ordinary people, but they have never been able to provide a better idea on this issue, or even consciously tried to cross the river and draw a bridge.
Suppress and control rather than continue to pioneer...
The winner-take-all approach in the feudal dynasty is still winner-take-all in capitalism. It has not changed at all, let alone shared prosperity. If employees take an extra day off or get an extra dollar in salary, it is like taking away their money.
old fate.
In the feudal dynasty, it can be said that almost all areas are basically unclaimed land, and whoever occupies it belongs to them.
So why can't we get out and why are we all complaining about it?
Who can't get out, or who is crying out for trouble?
Ideological struggles are external manifestations, as are theoretical disputes. In fact, the essence is still a power dispute and class oppression.
There are always only a few who are willing to give away authority.
Because you are worried that the branches are strong and the stems are weak, you simply cut off all the branches that stick out?
After cutting off the branches, leaving only one taproot will ensure that it will never rot?
Running water does not rot, and door hinges do not suffer from beetles.
Lao Lu has said this a long time ago, and everyone understands the truth.
There must be channels for promotion, otherwise you will end up in a stagnant pool sooner or later.
Now that Fei Qian is in the Western Region, the first step is not only to go out, but also to go steadily.
Therefore, in the Western Regions, not only military generals are needed, but civil servants are also indispensable. Especially these ambitious civil servants who want to change their own class are even more indispensable.
At the same time, Fei Qian must also consider plans for promotion of these civil servants.
When dealing with the outside world, the promotion of generals depends on military merit, which is easy to calculate, but it is not easy to calculate for civil servants. According to Fei Qian's idea, the promotion channels for civil servants are based on education.
This path of education naturally follows the Southern Huns model.
Regardless of whether it is a tribe or a country, if someone comes up and says they want to "enlighten", it is obvious that no one will be happy and will not achieve any good results, so "voluntary" is very important.
This voluntariness is not only internal, but also external.
Among these tribes and states, there are also people who are ambitious and people who have little ambition.
What Fei Qian needs to do is to screen out those ambitious people among these tribes and states, and then crush and carve them according to the model of China's advanced civilization, and then make these people eventually become the leaders of China.
shape, and then let these people drive the rest of the people...
Therefore, throughout the entire process of Fei Qian's war in the Western Region, and even future foreign wars, he not only needs to promote generals and reward generals for their achievements in opening up new territories, but also needs to enable civil servants to keep up, and there are corresponding regulations to do so.
Reward those civil servants who have outstanding performance in education.
In addition, certain benefits must also be given to those who are more pro-Han in their original tribes and states...
The standards of these rewards and the tilt of interests need to be constantly adjusted throughout the entire process. It cannot be said that a policy lasts for ten years and remains unchanged for twenty years, otherwise it will lose its original meaning.
Therefore, for the Western Regions, Fei Qian is not afraid of too many people coming, but worried that there are not enough people.
Military, economics, politics, culture.
Military development, economic invasion, political transformation, and cultural enlightenment.
Don’t you need anyone there?
Therefore, starting from the Western Regions, the Han people need to know one thing.
Interest is like water, it needs to flow.
If you stick to your own interests, you will eventually become a pool of stagnant water...
Fei Qian was still thinking, while Xu Chu seemed to hear something from the side. He turned his head slightly and saw a group of people coming from the city. He reminded him: "My lord, the leader of the Qiang people, Ajiesha is here."
Fei Qian came back to his senses and nodded, "Please."
Not long after, Ajie came forward. It seemed that he wanted to give a breast-stroking salute, but he didn't react until he raised his hand halfway. He quickly followed up with the other hand and made a slightly twisted hand-over salute, "I've seen Hussar."
General..."
Ajiesha did not wear a leather robe, but wore Hanfu, and the Hanfu was decorated with gold and silver, which was very luxurious and was obviously made by a valuable clothing shop in Chang'an.
Fei Qian glanced at the Han robe that Ajiesha was wearing, then smiled and returned the formal courtesy, "I've seen the woman."
Ah Jie's eyebrows twitched, he could hardly contain his joy, and his hands and feet were a little at a loss, "Ah, haha, this..."
Woman.
The wife's father is the wife's father.
Although this was just a title given verbally by Fei Qian, it already made Ajiesha extremely happy.
Everyone knew that it was impossible for a Qiang girl to become Fei Qian's official wife. At most, she would only have the status of a wife. However, no matter what, being given such a verbal title as Fei Qian was enough to make Ajiesha feel comfortable.
After all, Ajiesha killed Beigong back then. According to the Qiang people's habits, he collected all Beigong's wealth, including Beigong's wives, concubines, and children, which naturally included Yami.
Killing Beigong was not Ajiesha's original idea. Ajiesha did not want to fight for hegemony, let alone greedy Beigong's family property. But Beigong was crazy at the time. Not only did he want to fight against the Han people, but also wanted to
Pulling Ajie and the others together...
Ajiesha didn't want to continue the war, let alone become Bei Gong's crazy backer, so he killed Bei Gong.
Although it is common for brothers to fight with each other on the grassland, and even kill the men of the other tribe and then recruit the women and children of the other tribe, Ajiesha is not sure that after he nominally accepted Yami as his daughter, Yami will
Will they speak ill of him behind his back when he arrives in Chang'an and damage the relationship between him and the Han people?
And this "Woman" obviously made Ajiesa feel at ease.
Fei Qian signaled for Ajie to step forward and said straight to the point, "I have something to do when I leave seclusion this time, and I would like your help."
Seeing Fei Qian's frankness, Ajie Cha not only did not find it rude, but smiled so hard that he couldn't even see his eyes. He patted his chest and said, "General, please speak! As long as it is useful, I will say nothing!"
Fei Qian nodded and said: "There are many countries in the Western Regions, including the Qiang people. I would like to ask my husband to send his confidants to march into the Western Regions with him to put an end to the chaos."
"No problem!" Ajiesha agreed without thinking, but immediately became confused, "General, before this... General Zhang's side..."
Previously, Zhang Liao asked Ajie Sha's subordinate Aima'er to escort the Han people back to Yumen Pass. Now Fei Qian said that he was going to march into the Western Regions. This puzzled Ajie Sha, who was not very good at strategic thinking. Is this going in and out?
Where is the city gate?
Fei Qian smiled and did not explain in detail, but just said: "General Wenyuan pities the people, and this is appropriate... Women don't have to worry too much. But this time I left the customs, my place is different from the old laws of the Western Regions, so
Specially invite the lady to come and tell you in person.』
Zhang Liao was cautious in nature, so he asked the Qiang people to escort the Han people back to Yumen Pass. On the one hand, it was indeed the factors that Zhang Liao said on the surface. On the other hand, Zhang Liao knew in his heart that the old Xiliang military system adopted in the Western Regions was completely inappropriate.
The vassal army system finally reached its end.
The policy of vassalage, just like marriage, was originally designed to solve certain problems. It may not be the best under the circumstances at that time, but it is at least an effective method. However, as time goes by, the environment changes
, these strategies are like laws, they all need corresponding improvement and cannot remain unchanged forever.
The vassal army was still very effective in the early days of Dong Zhuo, but its shortcomings gradually became apparent in the middle and later stages. Li Guo's rebellion had greatly exposed the instability of the vassal army. The same was true in the Western Regions. It was not
If you change a few generals or change places, this instability will be eliminated.
Zhang Liao asked the Qiang people, the most pro-Han people in the vassal army, to return to Yumen Pass, which was equivalent to directly weakening the strength of the vassal army, and then directly ordered the disbandment of the vassal army, letting those Hu troops who were unwilling to follow the Han people leave, and those who were willing to stay would naturally
It would be incorporated into the Han army, and the structure of a vassal army would no longer exist.
Such a method, delicate and supple, disintegrated the vassal army almost silently. Even many people who were involved were not sure what happened specifically. They just thought that Zhang Liao had dismissed some of the Hu soldiers. This
It's far better than trying to dig in when you see it's just dry firewood.
Therefore, Fei Qian certainly would not waste Zhang Liao's thoughts. He also told Ajiesha that when he goes out this time, all Qiang people will mix into the ranks of Han soldiers and must obey the orders of the Han army. Of course, the treatment and military merit of Qiang soldiers will be
The system calculation is also the same as that of Han soldiers. Qiang leaders can also hold mid-level positions and enjoy the same treatment as Han military academies.
Seeing that Ajiesha still didn't understand, Fei Qian further explained: "Woman, the kingdoms in the Western Regions are chaotic and their languages are not all the same. However, the old Xiongnu language has evolved more extensively and is similar to the Qiang language.
Therefore, the Han army needs someone who can convey the Hu language, either as a guide or as an interpreter. It is naturally not convenient for the Qiang Han to organize separate camps. In addition, this time when marching into the Western Regions, there will be many conquests and there will be casualties.
A certain person gave an order to the soldiers of the Han army, asking those who strive for merit to go with him. He was worried that the old and weak in the family would stay in the pass, and he would not feel guilty. You and I are relatives, and this Qiang man is like my son, so I don't want to force myself to do anything.
Order, if you are willing to follow me to gain meritorious service, you can go with me. If you are willing to go home and take care of the young and old at home, you will not be forced to do so."
Ajiesha probably understood what he said. As for the more detailed aspects, he couldn't think of it. So he followed Fei Qian's request and summoned the Qiang leaders, big and small, to convey Fei Qian's meaning...
