Chapter 3016 Teaching and Enlightening the Western Regions
"When the ancient sages governed the people, it was the way of the people. For example, when Yu the Great traveled on water, it was the way of water. When Zao Fu controlled his horse, it was the way of the horse. When Hou Ji cultivated the land, it was the way of the earth. All of them had their own way.
"Yan, where is the way of the Western Regions today?"
Fei Qian looked around and said in a deep voice, "It's about etiquette and customs."
Etiquette, etiquette.
The etiquette of cannibalism.
This is the consensus of almost all Chinese people of later generations, but how many people will seriously understand how to eat it, or they are just following what others say. Anyway, if someone says so, they will just follow it.
Ethical ethics is indeed cannibalistic, but why can it be eaten for so many years? Shouldn’t we explore and think more? It’s like no one likes to be exploited and they all criticize capitalists, but are they really criticizing the nature of capitalists or are they criticizing the nature of capitalists?
Resent yourself for not being a capitalist?
Fei lurked in the Western Regions to promote enlightenment.
Of course, Fei Qian cannot be the only one to achieve enlightenment. He also needs other people to help him achieve his goals. And this latest batch of civil servants who have arrived in the Western Regions are undoubtedly Fei Qian's best and only ones at the moment.
Tool of.
Etiquette is also a tool. It is like a knife that can be used to suppress the people internally. It can also be turned into a spiritual shackles externally by turning the edge of the knife.
Zhou Gong's institution of rituals and music was an important beginning in establishing the humanistic spirit of ancient China. The original intention was good. This is just like Confucius, Laozi, or Buddha. The first moral teachings were all upward and good.
Later, after the promotion of Confucius and the development of Xunzi, Zhou Gong's ritual music formed a huge system, which not only included the political system, but also included moral standards and codes of conduct.
During the Chinese feudal dynasty, why did Confucianism win in the end, defeating Buddhism, which was rampant for a while, and also suppressing Taoism, which had methods such as the Dragon and Tiger Pill?
When Fei Qian and officials talked about the key points of education in the Western Regions, he also put forward the secret, which is "making rituals according to customs". That is, using the form and inherent reasonable parts of the existing customs in the Western Regions as much as possible, and then sorting them out to improve them.
, injecting new things that belong to China, only in this way can the people of the Western Regions enjoy hearing, seeing, and being transformed by it.
"Therefore, as an official, I should identify the creatures in the five lands..." Fei Qian said slowly, "However, the things in the five lands are definitely not rocks, which will not change for hundreds of years, and the people there are not copper and iron, which will last for many years."
It remains unchanged. Just like in the Western Regions, there are mountains, forests, hills, rivers, and plains. How can there be one method that can overcome all methods, or a way that can be achieved once and for all? It should be based on the place, the time, the people, and the customs.
Only by changing this can we maintain peace and security for all people."
Etiquette is like this. It has penetrated into all aspects of life. In China, educational institutions were set up in states, counties, townships, clans, and villages to dissolve Confucian ideals and ethics into various etiquettes, such as crown ceremonies, weddings, and meetings.
Rituals, drinking rituals, shooting rituals, etc. enable people to receive the influence of rituals in the rituals that they like to hear and see.
Take the crown ceremony as an example. Some later generations just thought it was fun. They wore some Hanfu and imitated the ceremony of the crown ceremony, but they did not really touch the essence of the crown ceremony...
Is the crowning ceremony really just about wearing a hat?
In ancient times, the crowning ceremony actually represented "adulthood", and it was natural for adults to have their own family. The crowning ceremony meant independent family separation, or independent economic rights in some form. This is the crowning ceremony.
The actual reflection behind this. Before, you could still depend on your parents, but after the ceremony, you have to go your own way. You need to start making money to support the family!
This is completely different from the concept of casually attending a ceremony and wearing a hat, and then turning around and asking your parents for money to make friends...
"In ancient China, there were Mao sacrifices, and now in the Western Regions, there are also living sacrifices. None of them are good practices." Fei Qian said slowly, "There is a saying in etiquette. Parrots can speak, and they are not separated from birds. Orangutans can speak, and they are not separated from animals.
.If you are rude to others, even if you can speak, you are not like an animal! Therefore, you should be polite to distinguish yourself from an animal."
"People from the Western Regions and people from China have different words and deeds and cannot communicate with each other. However, there is one thing that can be understood without words..." Fei Qian said with a smile, "Do you know what this is?"
Everyone started thinking, and Xue Ping who was standing aside seemed to have thought of something, but didn't have much courage to say it directly until Fei Qian announced the answer.
"Xing." Fei Qian said slowly, "Happiness, anger, sorrow, greed, laziness and greed are all human nature, and they are the same as those of Han people. This kind of human nature is born with it. The emotions of happiness and anger are based on human nature."
Habitat. When there are no external objects, what is hidden is not exposed, but when it is felt outside, emotions are revealed. Therefore, likes and dislikes are nature. What you like and hate are things. The heart is the sum total of all worries, and then you know the importance.
, measure, and then know the long and short. Everything is the same, the heart is what it is. Where the heart is, where the emotion is, and where the nature is."
"The mind has no fixed intention. It waits for things to act, waits for pleasure before doing, and waits for habit before settling." Fei Qian said in a deep voice, "Within the four seas, their nature is the same. Their intentions are different, and the teachings lead to them. They are happy and angry.
Emotion may be insufficient or excessive, but it can be corrected with courtesy, or it can be restored to righteousness. In the Western Regions, what should be done, how to do it with pleasure, how to practice it, how to make up for the deficiency, and how to eliminate it.
Excessiveness should be discussed... These are the three questions."
The first question is about the general direction, the second question is about specific measures, and the third question is somewhat similar to process management.
After three questions, everyone was in awe, and then they felt their scalps were numb and their heads were numb.
Fei Qian obviously had no intention of asking these people to make decisions on the spot. Instead, he asked these people to go back with their questions and wait three days before starting the class again.
The Western Region is a very large experimental field, and these people are like seeds. What kind of flowers will bloom? Fei Qian can only hope and guide, but cannot decide or replace.
"Zhou Li" is a work that expresses the plan for governing the country through the official system, and is extremely rich in content. The division of labor among the six officials in "Zhou Li" is roughly as follows: Tianguan is in charge of the palace, Diguan is in charge of civil affairs, Chunguan is in charge of the clan, and Xiaguan is in charge of military affairs
, Qiuguan is in charge of punishment, and Winter official is in charge of construction, which involves all aspects of social life, which is rare in ancient literature.
It is hard to imagine that at such an early time, Duke Zhou had already constructed a huge political official map, and then provided it for future generations to learn from the map.
When Fei Qian first arrived in the Han Dynasty, he didn't think the book "Zhou Li" was anything special. But when he really read it carefully, he discovered that in fact, the system of etiquette recorded in "Zhou Li" was already
It is very systematic. There are national ceremonies such as sacrifices, pilgrimages, feudal states, hunting tours, funerals, etc., as well as specific regulations such as the tripod system, the lexuan system, the chariot and riding system, the clothing system, the ritual and jade system, etc., as well as
There are records of the grade, combination, shape, and measurement of various ritual vessels.
Due to various reasons, when "Zhou Rites" was first published, for unknown reasons, even some high-status Confucian scholars were hidden in the secret palace without being seen. No one knew about it from then on. Until the time when the Han Dynasty became emperor, Liu Xiang, Xin and his son Xiao Xiao This book was discovered again and recorded in the documents stored in the Secret Mansion...
Therefore, Fei Qian's speculation is not without malicious intent...
Forget it, otherwise someone will chirp and express their dislike of conspiracy theories.
Make-up lessons are still needed.
Even regardless of what the subsequent stories of this book are, just discussing the content of "Zhou Li" alone is enough to show the importance of etiquette. If etiquette and law are the outer shell of etiquette, then etiquette and justice are the core of etiquette. The formulation of etiquette is based on the humanistic spirit, from form to spirit, from the outside to the inside. This is the most important role of etiquette. If it is just a ritual without reasonable ideological connotation as a basis, etiquette will become soulless. 's body.
If you want to penetrate the core of the people of the Western Regions and touch their spirit, you must have a better way in the early stages of ethics.
Boring etiquette and cumbersome requirements cannot promote the promotion of ethics in the Western Regions, and may even have the opposite effect. Therefore, just emphasizing etiquette norms is of no use. People in the Western Regions neither have the Chinese living environment nor the Different from the Chinese perception, if you tell people from the Western Regions that a gentleman is as good as jade, there is no way that the Western Regions people will laugh at the fact that the Chinese people are fools and actually like a few broken stones on the river beach...
Let his civil servants think and explore ways to solve the problem, but it does not mean that Fei Qian does not have a plan to solve the problem.
After Lu Yu, Xueping and others left, Fei Qian said to Jia Xu, "Education in the Western Regions should begin with music."
That's right, Fei Qian's method of preparing for enlightenment in the Western Regions started with music.
Or should we say "entertainment industry"?
Jia Xu cupped his hands and said, obviously he had expected it, "My lord is wise. Music is the harmony of heaven and earth; etiquette is the order of heaven and earth. With harmony, all things are transformed, and with order, all things are different. Today's words in the Western Regions If it is not smooth, the method of vocal music can maximize its strengths and avoid its weaknesses, so that the people of the Western Regions can understand the beauty and principles of China even if they cannot speak."
Fei Qian nodded, "First use sound to make it gather, then use sound to make it lively, and then use music to express it. It can be said that education is an assistant, and ritual and music complement each other. There is a saying in ritual, "Music is made by heaven, and ritual is made by earth. "That's it. Without music, there is no propriety, and without propriety, there is no music. Only when heaven and earth are harmonious can there be no harm in going anywhere. Musicians are not Huang Zhongdalu, stringed songs are high-spirited, and the end of music needs to be understood again. Righteousness, manifesting virtue and integrity.』
Chinese people like extreme behavior patterns, and I don’t know when they developed them. When they are good, everything is good, and when they are bad, everything is bad. A group of old masters criticize Mi Mi’s music, and then turn around and are rejected by Mi Mi’s music. The sound was beaten to a bloody pulp.
When it comes to playing with acoustic music, China was actually ahead of the rest of the world in the early days, and it had high theoretical support as soon as it appeared.
In early Chinese music theory, sound, music and music are concepts at three different levels.
The difference between sound and sound is that sound has rhythm and pitch, while sound does not. Therefore, early Chinese music theory believed that ordinary sounds were basically called noise, and sounds with rhythm and rhythm were called sounds, while music generally It refers to a piece of music that has connotation and represents a certain meaning. Humans, like insects and animals, have hearing and can perceive external sounds, but insects and animals can only reach the level of sound, while humans obviously have a higher level of hearing. Pursuit, so this is also one of the important signs that distinguish humans from beasts.
There is a saying in "Legends of Music", "Those who know the sound but don't know the music are just like animals." Although it may be a bit absolute, there is indeed a certain truth. Those who only pursue sensory stimulation are similar to animals, and
Humans... Of course there are also those who just want sensory stimulation. After all, humans also have animalistic nature.
"People in the Western Regions also have musical instruments that can make music, but there is no music, let alone beautiful music," Fei Qian said slowly, "Emotions are expressed in words, but words are not enough, so I sigh at them. I sigh at the insufficiency.
Therefore, singing is not enough, so dancing with hands and dancing with feet is the right thing. Looking at the people in the Western Regions today, who dance with many hands and feet, we can see that their singing is not enough, and this is an opportunity that can be taken advantage of."
Not only people from the Western Regions, but also people with little language or culture, such as the Xiqiang people, also like dancing.
Just like those who have some ink, when they see the desert, they will say "The sun sets in the long river", and when they feel the wind, they will say "the bamboos are falling and the poles are leaning", but those who have no talent or have not studied much, I am afraid there are only two words left...
These people from the Western Regions sometimes hold their cow's tail high or dance their fur robes to express their mood with simple movements. They seem to be very happy, but in fact they are very pitiful because they can express their feelings.
There are very few ways of emotion, too few.
This is opportunity.
What if subtle guidance was added to this?
Just like those methods used by Emperor Mi in later generations...
The Western Region is here, and the position is here. If China does not occupy it, others will naturally come to occupy it.
Under the influence of external objects, people's hearts will leap to their feet.
Due to the different effects of external objects, people's emotions are expressed at different levels. Music comes from the human heart, but it can also become a new external object that exerts an effect on the human heart. This was already the case in the early days of China.
It is clearly written in the book "Music", "Every sound is what comes into being in the human heart. Emotions are moved in it, so it is shaped by sound. The sound is written down, which is called sound."
The Western Regions are almost blank in this aspect. So when the bald monk brought his magical weapon and started clanging, almost all the people of the Western Regions were attracted, and then they accepted Buddhism unknowingly.
The missionary work gave rise to faith.
So if the bald monk is replaced, or the content is replaced...
There are many types of music, which can be dignified or wild, delicate or rough. Each of them can give people different feelings and induce the occurrence and transformation of people's emotions. Just like in later generations.
Classical music and rock music, although both belong to the scope of music, give the audience completely different feelings.
Some people like to listen to classical music, while others only like rock music. This difference is largely determined by the environment, and only a small part is due to nature.
Therefore, Fei Qian wanted to create a new Western Region environment and occupy the highlands that should have been occupied long ago, instead of watching bald heads or other heads in vain occupy the territory that should belong to China.
Is it easy for people in ancient times? Under such simple and low productivity and poor material supply conditions, they prepared so many theories and considered so many methods for future generations, but the descendants of China shelved them, and even
It is to be discarded like worn out shoes.
After thinking about it, Fei Qian said to Jia Xu: "In the Western Regions, sounds and sounds are the main ones. In the wilds, we can focus on strange sounds and treacherous sounds. In the city, we should focus on elegant sounds and harmonious sounds. People in the wilds have to work a lot."
Tired, when there is the sound of treachery, encourage their actions and encourage their strength, and the people in the city teach and learn from them. They value elegance and harmony, and the sound is not chaotic. It is said that a gentleman is happy with his way, and a villain is happy with it.
When it comes to desire, we don’t have to talk about the old and the new, just what is right.”
Jia Xu nodded and said, "What my lord said is true. The dispute between the ancient and the new is not conducive to teaching, but leads to chaos. Sound and music are basically like the way of teaching. Only by using sound to drive it and using sound to guide it can we discuss music."
A straight voice is not enough to discuss happiness. A person who enjoys happiness cannot have a despicable voice. Just as a person who knows a hundred words cannot write a beautiful article, and a person who writes an article does not need to laugh at a person who can know a hundred words."
Fei Qian nodded, "Good. The fight between new and ancient music is like the fight between modern and ancient literature. Neither is desirable."
The so-called ancient music refers to the elegant music passed down after the Yan, Huang, Yao and Shun periods, such as the Yellow Emperor's "Xianchi", Yao's music "Dazhang", Shun's music "Shao", Yu's music "Xia", etc. The rhythm is slow
It is solemn and full of meaning. New music, on the other hand, was composed during the Warring States Period, represented by the sounds of Zheng and Wei, and tends to be complex in sounds and colors without any special meaning.
The struggle between new and ancient music is actually earlier than the struggle between modern and ancient texts. It existed in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, and the root of the struggle is still political issues. This is because Chinese scholars believe that music and politics are connected and can be
As an indicator to judge the success or failure of government.
"In the Book of Songs, there is no mention of Zheng and Wei's extravagant writings that were never recorded, nor of the sonorous songs of the Pre-Qin Dynasty that were afraid to record them," Fei Qian said in a deep voice, "The way of music is to observe its sounds and know its customs.
You can know the master by observing his politics. The Duke of Zhou can adopt the style of Zhou Nan, but why can't the Han Dynasty adopt the style of the Western Regions?"
Jia Xu nodded in agreement and added: "Exactly. The method of optimistic government can be used in ancient and modern times. The king is the lord of all peoples. If the king likes it, the subordinates will do the same. If the country's weapons are used, the subordinates will overtake them.
The system is enough to show the great luxury of the country. It does not need to be measured, and the day of the country's subjugation is not far away. There is an ancient saying that the decline of Song Dynasty is regarded as Qian Zhong. The decline of Qi is also regarded as Da Lu. The decline of Chu is also regarded as Wuyin. The Western Regions
There are many voices of sorrow in the country, which shows that the owner has lost power and the people are displaced, so we can take advantage of this opportunity to take advantage of it."
Confucius once said that the quality of a country can be determined by what kind of music its citizens often listen to.
Of course, in ancient times, the only entertainment was music...
"No one is good at music when changing customs." Fei Qian said, "The education of the Southern Xiongnu is because the country is small, so it is straightforward to divide it into regions. However, the Western Region is vast and the countries are messy, so new methods should be used. With Buddha as the driving force,
Weaken their ambition, use sound as a gathering, eliminate their barriers, use business as bait, and be arrogant, use teaching as advancement, and cage their people..."
"Tai Shizi has an upright nature, and it is difficult to be so trivial, so he only talks about the important things of the four people, the way of agriculture and industry, uses force to suppress injustice, eliminates treachery, and burns the wild like fire... And this is the art of enlightenment.
, the method of erosion..." Fei Qian looked at Jia Xu and said, "Only Wen He can understand the essentials and know the secrets. Then he can use words to follow the rules, attract goodwill, eliminate hatred, and flow down like water... The art of civility and martial arts.
Dharma, water and fire work together for a period of ten years. It can be determined in ten years if it is fast, and twenty-three if it is slow. The land of the Western Regions should all belong to China..."
