Why the nomadic people from the Zhou Dynasty, to the Qin Dynasty, to the Han Dynasty, and even to the Tang Dynasty, always thought of coming to the Central Plains to make a fortune and leave, is because of poverty.
It was not until the Yuan Dynasty that the nomadic people had an overall strategic goal for the first time and began military operations to build a nation. They were no longer scattered.
But are nomads really poor?
In a sense, if the wealth of the farming people is mainly land, then the "land" of the nomadic people is cattle and sheep.
According to historical records, during the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Wei Qing, who was already a general of chariots and cavalry, "... crossed the Xihe River to Gaoque, won the title of 2,300 first captives, harvested all the chariots, livestock and livestock, and was ennobled as a prince, so he decided to
In the land of Henan,... conquered Pu Ni, broke the talisman, killed the weak and sharp soldiers, and ambushed the listeners of three thousand and seventy-one levels,...drove more than a hundred thousand horses, cattle and sheep, and returned with all the armored soldiers, Yi Feng Qing San
Qianhu…”
"More than a hundred thousand horses, cattle, and sheep were driven away", which was equivalent to bringing back the "land" of the Xiongnu in one pot, and as a result, the entire Xiongnu suffered heavy losses and became frightened from then on.
But the question is, where did these "lands" end up?
These cows, horses and sheep did not have big cows giving birth to calves, but big horses gave birth to ponies, and then they thrived on the land of China. From then on, they increased the development of the animal husbandry of the Chinese nation and allowed China to enter the era of four legs...
On the contrary, it promoted the development of the slaughtering industry. In addition to increasing the fat absorption of a part of the population, it did not improve the proportion of agriculture and animal husbandry in the entire Han Dynasty.
China is a farming country, so it is not good at animal husbandry. Therefore, in the scientific and technological line of animal husbandry, it only mentions sheep, not horses...
The requirements for raising war horses are very high. You cannot breed war horses in captivity. You must have a racing land, which is an entire area with abundant water and grass, so that the horses can live in groups and grow in nature. Only in this way can they truly produce what they need.
of war horses.
The Chinese people, on the one hand, do not control the water and grasslands, and on the other hand, they do not control the people who raise them, so their legs and feet are always one section short.
"Poverty is the most terrifying and tragic force," Fei Qian said, focusing on the market outside the camp. "Because of poverty, I have nothing but my own life."
They are not afraid of losing things at all, so for these poor people, anything that can be obtained by force is earned. Kill one to get enough money, kill two to earn one... Any law, any morality, here
In the face of such absolute poverty, there is nothing but empty words..."
When any dynasty or political system changes from chaos to rule, the fear is not that there will be too many middle classes, but that there are not enough middle classes...
After hearing this, Ma Yan also turned to look at the busy market. After thinking for a while, he nodded and said, "Then this is the envoy's decree that five baht must be used in transactions, and the change must be given for each transaction."
Is there any reason why the barbarians have lost money?"
"Haha, yes. Most of the Hu people will not take away the five baht money, but will try their best to trade, so in fact we do not need to invest a large amount of five baht money, but in this way, these people who have come
Hu people who have traded here will know what 'money' is, and then they will tell their families and friends..."
In fact, such a small gesture has a more profound meaning. Ma Yan was not able to fully understand it, and Fei Qian did not want to say more. Although on the surface it is nothing more than giving one or two more money, it can make the Hu people form money.
Consciousness, secondly, it can establish a sense of integrity in the hearts of the Hu people, thirdly...
You must know that the thing of equivalent exchange of goods has been bloody since the day it appeared...
The social structure of the Hu people in the Han Dynasty was very complex. It was like taking parts of each of primitive society, slave society and feudal society, and then integrating them together to form the social structure of the Hu people...
Most of the Hu people live in tribes, and within the entire tribe, there is a form of mutual help to a certain extent. The tribe is also the basic overall unit in foreign wars, and the spoils obtained in the war are also distributed within the tribe. This
It is very similar to the structure of primitive society.
However, the leaders and generals of the Hu people are parasitic on the Hu people below them, and they have basically the same status as slave owners. At the same time, most of the people plundered in the Han Dynasty have become the auxiliary property of the Hu people and become the Hu people.
slaves, these characteristics also show that the Hu people's society also contains some characteristics of the slave society.
At the upper level of the Hu people, a loose enfeoffment system was adopted. The royal court, also known as Shan Yuting, was mostly located in the center of the most abundant water and grass. Then the royal court was divided into the left and right royal courts, the left and right royal courts, and the left and right royal courts.
They were also subordinate to Shan Yuting, but enjoyed independent military and political power. Under the left and right kings, they were divided into left and right kings of Guli, and under the left and right kings of Guli, there were left and right generals, etc., so the Hu people also had part of the feudal society.
factor.
It is precisely because of this that the complex social structure of the Hu people is very unstable. A slight natural disaster or man-made disaster will cause huge changes, such as the differentiation of the northern and southern Xiongnu, and even the recent murder of the Qiang by the southern Xiongnu.
The actions of Qu Lao Chanyu all illustrate this point.
"Only when you have had something, will you be afraid of losing it..." Fei Qian looked at Ma Yan and said, "And what we are doing now is to make these barbarians feel that they have something..."
Why did the Hu people lament and cry bitterly after losing Yinshan? It was because they had it first and then lost it, so the Hu people were heartbroken and in great pain.
Wealth, or private property, has been continuously promoting the reform and development of the entire society since the day primitive society emerged, and money is the physical manifestation of individual private property.
Ma Yan thought about it again and again, and finally said: "But trading with these barbarians... once these barbarians become strong, won't they become a disaster?"
Fei Qian held the spear and shook it. He found that although he could shake out a gun flower to some extent, it was crooked and shapeless. It was completely incomparable to Ma Yan's ability to shake out a round and beautiful gun flower at will.
"So the weapon must be held in your hand..."
Fei Qian looked at the iron-making furnace that was being built inside the camp, and then at the soldiers who were training outside the camp, and said: "The iron tools collected from Luoyang will be re-melted and cast into armor blades, and these
Armor blades will be used on our soldiers, these are the swords and shields in our hands! So, don’t worry about whether the barbarians will be strong, just focus on whether we ourselves are strong enough..."
Fei Qian looked at Ma Yan and said: "Brother Chengyuan, not only the dead Hu people are good Hu people, but the obedient Hu people are also good citizens, um... good Hu people!"
The Military Book of the Ming Dynasty, "Jiu Ji": "Bian Zhuangzi's fighting technique, Wang Ju's rising and falling technique, Liu Xianzhu (Liu Bei)'s Gu Ying technique, King Ma Ming's lightning technique, Ma Chao's technique, the swords of the five families are passed down."
What does that mean?
There are five families with great swordsmanship, and Liu Bei and Uncle Liu are one of them!
