Today's Pingyang City seems to have become a torch held high in the north of the Fen Plain. Whether it is the red Pingyang City Wall or the torch lanterns it lights at night, it attracts countless businessmen, refugees, poor families, and even gentry children.
Like moths flying towards the flame, they gather here.
As the old Pingyang channels with good irrigation in the surrounding area were dredged one by one, the agricultural potential of this area was quickly tapped and developed. Although the output of each piece of land still has to pay taxes and rent, but
Because on the one hand, horses or retired war horses are provided to accumulate energy for deep plowing, and on the other hand, coupled with the continuous improvement of farming technology in Zaozhi during these times, the yield per mu is much higher than that in other places.
few.
Agriculture in the Han Dynasty was extremely backward, and the degree of backwardness was far beyond Fei Qian's imagination.
The average yield of the Han Dynasty is about three shi per mu, and good farmland can reach four to six shi. Of course, there are also bad fields, which can't even reach one shi per mu.
The Han mu was much smaller than the mu of later generations. The mu of later generations was 666 square meters, while the Han mu was only about 465 square meters, which was less than 70% of the area of mu of later generations.
It seems to be good. Some unexplained bricklayers in later generations even said that the yield per mu in the Han Dynasty could be two to three hundred kilograms. Although we have clearly seen many ancient documents recording that food was made of dendrobium, or buckets, or sheng.
unit, but I still subconsciously use the weight units of later generations to convert, so I have the feeling that the yield per mu in the Han Dynasty is almost the same as that in later generations at the end of the Republic of China.
So where did the one or two thousand years of agricultural evolution go?
But what about actually?
Han stone has two uses. One is used for weight, which is divided into baht, liang, jin, jun, and stone. Twenty-four baht is liang, sixteen liang is jin, thirty jin is jun, and four jun is stone.
.The Han Jin was probably less than half of the market Jin in later generations, about two hundred and forty grams.
The other one is used for capacity, 龠, he, liter, dou, dendrobium. One hu is equal to one stone. One unit is equal to two 龠, and the rest are in decimal system.
When used in grain, capacity units are most often used for calculations.
This habit has been maintained until later generations. Even during the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, statistics were still based on capacity. It was said that an extra harvest of three to five buckets was harvested in a good harvest year, rather than an extra harvest of three to five kilograms...
Therefore, the productivity of the Han Dynasty was actually quite low.
If one mu of Han farmland must be converted into the weight unit of later generations for calculation, the yield per mu is generally only about 120 kilograms. For example, the area near Pingyang was already a fertile land as early as the Western Han Dynasty.
, it is also recorded in historical records, "Through the canal to divert Fen, irrigate Pishi, Fenyinxia, lead the river to irrigate Fenyin, Pubanxia, you can get 5,000 hectares. Therefore, after 5,000 hectares, the river needs to be abandoned, and the people have to eat water.
Herd its ears. If you irrigate the fields today, you can get more than two million dan of grain." Coupled with Zao Zhi's long-term efforts in mulberry farming, the farmland near Pingyang can basically harvest one acre for future generations.
About one hundred and eighty pounds.
Because of this, although to the people of later generations, the output of dozens of kilograms is nothing, but for farmers in the Han Dynasty, it means that they can have more than ten kilograms more, or even just a few kilograms more.
The grain surplus, combined with wild vegetable bran, can be eaten for another month or two...
Therefore, Zao Zhi's status in Pingyang, especially in the minds of surrounding farmers, is even louder and nobler than that of Fei Qian.
However, this is naturally what Zaozhi deserves, especially when those farmers came outside the Pingyang government office with woven straw baskets, some fruits or some millet and other things, just to give these things to
Zao Zhi, expressing gratitude to Zao Zhi is enough to prove Zao Zhi’s reputation in peacetime.
In Binh Duong, not only agriculture is developed, but also the development of commercial trade is promoted.
With the increasing number of commercial transactions, the trading markets originally located in the city were overwhelmed, so they were directly moved to the east and west of the city, and huge east and west markets were established outside the two city gates.
Pingyang East Market faces the east direction of the river and is also close to the city's original municipal administration, restaurants and other areas. Therefore, Pingyang East Market generally sells Han-oriented items, such as a wide variety of cloth, lacquerware, pottery, etc.
Wait, there are also some luxury goods for sale, even if you want the best green salt from Qingzhou, the best tea bricks from Wujun in Yangzhou, and the brocade from Sichuan that is as precious as gold, you can see them all...
In the market square at the west gate of Pingyang, there are mostly Hu people. Naturally, they mainly buy goods from the Hu area. In addition to cattle, sheep, furs, etc., there are also some daily necessities such as clothes, candles, cakes, medicines, etc.
This is the market where ordinary people most often go to buy replacement items.
With the continuous development of trade, the hours during the day can no longer satisfy the increasingly large commercial system. As a result, the two-shift trade model first appeared in Binh Duong East and West Markets. During the day, there were scattered transactions and caravans.
Bulk goods were negotiated and bargained to reach an agreed time, and in the evening, it was time for loading and unloading of goods, inventory and delivery. Because it was outside the city, it did not disturb the people much, but it promoted the development of some lighting equipment.
It is precisely because of business and trade that the city of Binh Duong always wakes up very early. It seems that when the hustle and bustle of last night has not dissipated and is still lingering in the ears, a new day has arrived and a new busyness has begun.
Normally, people in the Han Dynasty had their morning meal between seven and nine in the morning, but due to the development of commerce in Pingyang County, caravans were ready to set off as early as Mao, so even the first wisp of cooking smoke in Pingyang
They arrive earlier than other local cities.
Spring has quietly passed by, and summer is coming one after another. On the streets of Pingyang, it seems that it has entered the ever-heating summer, and it looks prosperous.
As the first ray of sunshine shines in the morning, the flow of people on the street gradually increases. At the main neighborhood intersections, there are crowds of people with colorful sleeves. The shops along the street have opened their curtains, and waiters or waiters are standing outside.
They greeted enthusiastically and solicited business; the farmers and woodcutters outside the city carried their own things and didn't know how to greet them. They just squatted on the side of the road, smiling innocently, waiting for customers to come; some fat or thin businessmen,
But they all have the same expression, smiling and holding each other's hands, bowing, polite, cautious and sensitive, testing each other's words...
For the nobles, things are even more complicated. Seeing that the temperature is getting higher day by day, it is time to put away the winter clothes, and it is time to take out the satin and silk clothes that were originally stored to be aired and incense; the clothes stored in the cellar last winter
It’s time to dig out some ice cubes, so as not to waste time waiting when you need them temporarily; the days are gradually getting longer, so various summer banquet invitations for summer afternoons are gradually being arranged, and at the same time, we should also consider the relationship between each other.
The relationship between us is far and near. According to the changes in the government and opposition parties, we choose to give up or make some friends...
In several restaurants in the city, it is even more lively. The first floor is basically filled with city residents who have a little more money and wear ge clothes, sitting around long tables, sitting on mats, drinking a bowl of thin wine.
, eating two pieces of pickled cabbage and talking nonsense, just for fun, it is also comfortable.
The political battles in the court and the shadows of swords and swords seemed to be far away from them. What they were thinking about was the bowl of wine in front of them and the few Jiaozi in their belts. Most of these residents in the city were the first ones to move to Pingyang.
A group of people, some of whom are even the common people who were brought by Baibo back then, for these people, the life in front of them is like heaven, beautiful and dreamy.
However, on the second floor of the restaurant, it is much cleaner. Businessmen of all sizes are scattered around. If someone wants to sell goods, they will bring some small samples and put them on the table. Interested businessmen will
Naturally, they would come forward, and the two of them would negotiate in low voices, whether it was successful or not, both with a friendly look on their faces, and it was rare to see someone jumping around and getting angry.
But on the third floor of the restaurant, what they were talking about was completely different. As the temperature gradually increased in summer, something finally came to light. The general Fei Qian, who was originally in Pingyang, had once again won the imperial title.
Enjiafeng is now the general who conquers the west and lives in Pingyang!
Although he is just a Tinghou, he is a real Pingyang hero!
The earliest Pingyang Marquis was Cao Shen, who inherited Xiao He's position and was one of the famous meritorious marquises in the early Han Dynasty.
The marquises of the Han Dynasty are generally divided into four categories: meritorious ministers, princely marquises, foreign relatives' enze marquises, and clan clan marquises. Among them, princely marquises and clan clan marquises have the same surname and are enfeoffed, which is the blood of the Liu family. However, clan clan marquises usually make mistakes for some reason.
, descended from the king to the lord, so it is in the lowest lord series.
Marquis of Meritorious Service and Marquis of Enze, his cousin, both have different surnames, but Marquis of Meritorious Service has a higher status than his cousin, Marquis of Enze, and is even more noble than the Prince and Marquis.
This kind of dignity is not only reflected in the person who is granted the title in this world, but can even extend to his descendants. Just like Cao Shen, the title of Marquis of Pingyang has even been extinct. He still has to find someone with an adjacent bloodline to inherit it, and then after the heir is extinguished again, he can
That's all in the end. This shows the specialness of the hero.
Therefore, when the news that Fei Qian was entrusted with the title of Conquest to the West and Pingyang Tinghou gradually spread, these gentry children and country lords from Hedong, Xihe, Shangdang, Taiyuan, and even Guanzhong could not sit still and gathered with each other.
There was a lot of discussion. Now that Fei Qian's army has returned from Guanzhong and is about to arrive in Pingyang, how should he, as a son of the gentry who has a relatively close relationship with the court, face the newly appointed Pingyang Pavilion?
Hou has become a very real problem before them.
This problem is also extremely troublesome for Wang Chen...
The Wang family in Taiyuan has plummeted since the death of Wang Yun, the mainstay of the family. Under the worry, anger and grief of Mrs. Wang, who controlled the entire Wang family in Taiyuan, she could not withstand the invasion of aging and became bedridden.
As for Wang Yun's two sons, the eldest son followed Wang Yun and was buried in Chang'an. The second son, Wang Jing, was not in good health originally, but suddenly suffered a big change and became ill...
Taiyuan Wang family, such a large family that has been operating in Bingbei for more than a hundred years, will certainly not have no heir prepared, but this heir is Wang Hei, who is currently studying in the Academy, Wang Yun's eldest grandson. Wang Hei is currently young, So Wang Yun's nephew Wang Chen came to accompany him, but the pillars of the Wang family's direct line fell over and over again, giving Wang Chen an excellent opportunity.
Now is the time to prove yourself.
Wang Chen looked at the thumb-sized earthenware bottle on the table, his eyes wandering a bit. Even if someone discovered what he had done before, he could still come back, but the step in front of him was about to go out. There is just no turning back!
Wang Chen silently stretched out his hand and held the thumb-sized pottery vase in his palm. He also knew that what he was about to do might not be very glorious, but since he had the opportunity, he couldn't give up so easily!
Just when Wang Chen made up his mind, suddenly there was a burst of noise outside the courtyard, and he only heard someone shouting: "Back! Back!"
Wang Chen trembled with fright, and when he loosened his hand, the clay bottle in his palm fell on the table, and rolled to the edge. Wang Chen quickly pounced, and then caught the clay bottle in his hand, and almost fell to the ground. .
"What's back?" An excited voice came from the backyard. Wang Hei ran out, dancing and shouting, "Is General Zhengxi back?"
The servants outside happened to come to report that indeed General Fei Qian of Zhengxi was about to arrive. Even the soldiers in the school field in the north of the city were already lined up. Teams of soldiers were dispatched and began to line up in and outside the city to maintain order. …
"Uncle!" Wang Hei is now in his prime of life. It is the time when he admires heroes like Fei Qian who are fighting on the battlefield the most. When he heard that Fei Qian's class teacher was back, he immediately turned to look at Wang Chen, as if he wanted to go out and have a look. Beyond words.
Wang Chen pretended to be nonchalant and hid the small pottery vase in his arms, smiled a little, and said: "Okay... okay, let's take a look, you might as well take a look..."
Wang Hei immediately cheered and ran out with small steps. Several servants and guards of the Wang family hurriedly followed him.
By the time Wang Hei arrived at the city gate, it was already overcrowded. However, the gentry children still had some privileges after all. They circled an area outside the city gate and were surrounded by guards led by the gentry children. There were several people in the circle. The students from the Mingxue Palace recognized Wang Hei and hurriedly waved to him and made room in the circle so that Wang Hei would not have to squeeze in with Mud Legs.
Before Wang Hei could say thank you, he heard another commotion around him!
I saw layers of smoke and dust rising in the distance, and I saw that Fei Qian's troops were about to arrive!
In the blink of an eye, everyone suddenly became quiet, everyone stood in awe, waiting, waiting...
When a tricolor flag rose in the smoke and dust in the distance, when Fei Qian's figure appeared under the tricolor flag, outside Pingyang City, on both sides of the road, the people who came to wait for the welcome finally broke out.
Waves of extremely high-pitched cheers, the sound was like layers of waves, surging and surging, rushing across Pingyang and Bingbei, spreading in all directions along the vast sky and earth, just like
It will continue like this until the end of heaven and earth!
The surviving documents on the output of the Han Dynasty are quite old and relatively less complex. In addition, ancient literati liked to use approximate numbers, so calculations are actually very inconvenient. The data in this article refer to Mr. Yang Jiping's "Re-Talk about the Production of the Han Dynasty"
"Mu System, Mu Yield - Discussion with Mr. Wu Hui", Yang Jiping's article was published in "Research on Chinese Social and Economic History", Issue 2, 2000. Those who are interested can check it out by themselves.
