There was not a single veteran in the sericulture profession in the entire Senate. Wu Nanhai was very worried about Li Yao'er, an agricultural technician who had become a monk on the way, so he experimentally raised autumn silkworms in Lingao, so that Li Yao'er could cultivate silkworms.
Completely follow the instructions in the book, and the final result proves that the agricultural technical books and scientific and educational films are indeed very accurate guidance materials. Every time a problem arises, as long as you deal with it according to the diagram, there will be no disadvantages.
The silkworm house has been completed, and Li Yaoer established a sericulture production team in the villa. Since the current slaves in the villa basically have work, most of the members of the production team are refugees from the shantang - the sericulture households are given priority. These dozens of people
A residential area was specially set up for each family. The men were responsible for clearing wasteland and planting mulberry, and the women were responsible for raising silkworms. A dozen people were selected from the private school in the villa as students in the sericulture training class.
One of the main tasks of the sericulture production team is to open mulberry gardens and plant mulberry trees to further expand the mulberry tree planting area. Although the leaves of the mulberry trees planted last year and this year cannot be harvested, they will be of great use in the future - at the Committee of Agriculture
In the Jiangnan plan, the future Phoenix Villa will be the location of the agricultural vocational school. It will definitely not hurt to lay more foundations. Such a large investment is not surprising.
Mulberry trees have strong adaptability and can grow in barren or fertile land, dry or humid areas. They are simple to plant and manage, have few pests and diseases, and have high economic benefits, especially mulberry leaves. In the silk-producing areas of Jiangsu and Zhejiang, a load of mulberry trees can be grown
The leaves can be sold for three taels of silver at an average price. The common average yield at that time was twelve tons of mulberry leaves per mu. Even if you don't raise silkworms and reel silk, you can earn three taels and six taels of silver just by selling mulberry leaves. This is equivalent to one mulberry leaf.
The income from a good paddy field that can yield three stones of rice per mu.
However, there are very few good paddy fields that can yield three kilograms of rice. Whether you can harvest so much rice every year also depends on luck. Mulberry planting is on a sloping land. You can plant it everywhere in the corners, and the leaf yield is generally stable. You can also get firewood and mulberries.
of additional income.
In the mulberry garden of the Agricultural Committee in Lingao, modern close-planting mulberry planting technology is used to plant mulberry trees that can be used both for fruit and leaves. Under strict management, the yield per mu can reach 1,000-2,000 kilograms of mulberries and 1,500 kilograms of mulberry leaves.
Here in Hangzhou, it is impossible to have the same agricultural technology and agricultural material conditions as Lingao, and the water and heat conditions are also slightly inferior, so the estimated yield is much lower. The main types of planting are mulberry, and only about ten acres are planned to be planted.
Mulberry with both fruit and leaves.
By visiting members of the production team, Li Yaoer roughly knew that the local mulberry orchards were basically planted according to the standard of 240 plants per acre of "high-stem mulberries" with taller trunks. The amount of leaf production varies depending on the degree of management and the amount of fertilization.
, but the average monthly yield of 800 to 1,200 kilograms of mulberry leaves per mu can still be achieved.
With the introduction of high-yielding mulberry strips from the villa and scientific management, Li Yaoer is fully confident that he can achieve a yield of 1,000 kilograms per mu.
That's what I said, but it was a few years later. At present, the sericulture industry in Phoenix Villa has to rely on purchased mulberry leaves. Mulberry leaves cannot be picked in advance and can only be purchased in the market. Once the silkworms enter
After three days of sleep, the price of mulberry leaves will skyrocket, and there may be a situation where there is no market for the price. Therefore, how to ensure the supply of mulberry leaves for the sericulture production team has become Zhao Yingong's most important task before.
The simplest method is to purchase a mulberry orchard or directly purchase mulberry leaves. Purchasing a mulberry orchard is naturally the safest. However, it is not easy to buy a mulberry orchard in a suitable location for a while - the silkworm farm is in Phoenix Villa. If the mulberry garden is
If the distance is too far, the transportation cost will be too high. Moreover, the tax on mulberry gardens is very heavy. The mulberry gardens now opened in Phoenix Villa are all proceeds from land reclamation. As long as the yamen does a little good job, it will be hidden and the taxes will not be paid. But those who are already registered
It is much more difficult to buy a mulberry garden without paying taxes. Zhao Yingong was cautious and decided not to buy a mulberry garden for the time being - Li Yaoer's work this year is mainly breeding and experimental silk reeling. The demand for mulberry leaves is limited, and there is no way to go to the market.
No.
Originally, he didn't care much about the supply of mulberry leaves. The things that burdened the common people were just a drop in the bucket to him.
But since he wanted to set up a sericulture cooperative, control silkworm farmers through the cooperative, and then control silkworm cocoons, he had a new idea: Judging from various information collected from various aspects, the sericulture industry in Jiangnan is the same as the sugar industry in Leizhou.
Very dependent on loans.
In this kind of industry, whoever can control the loans can get the biggest share of the market.
Controlling farmers through loans is a common method of the Tiandihui. In Leizhou, this was also used to gradually establish the Leizhou Sugar Industry Association. Therefore, he had already begun to prepare his own small loan plan, and also asked Delong's Hangzhou branch to
Several plans were worked out.
Moreover, last autumn, there was a severe drought in the northern Zhejiang and Hangjiahu areas. From August to October, there was no rain for 70 consecutive years, and the countryside was extremely desolate. Although the south of the Yangtze River is rich in products, it did not lead to large-scale refugee riots like the north, but now it is necessary to recover
Production and sericulture households will have more urgent needs for loans.
However, he soon discovered that his plan was too idealistic. This is not Hainan where the Senate has taken power, nor is it Leizhou under the control of the Leizhou Sugar Company, a trust with violent support. He has no political violence here.
We have no foundation and no economic monopoly. If we want to promote a new thing like cooperatives, we will face a situation where no one trusts us.
Originally, Zhao Yingong planned to ask Delong to set up agency offices in several nearby towns where the silk cocoon trade was developed to provide loans to sericulture households. However, he soon discovered that rural microfinance in this time and space was almost entirely controlled by local landlords and
In the hands of middle peasants and rich peasants, Silk Cocoon Bank and Qingye Bank also played a part in it. The common feature is that there are many lenders involved, but the scope of each lender's loan is very small - they are basically local people.
In an era when most farmers' activities do not exceed fifty miles around their homes, and they cannot enter the county town a few times in their lifetime, it is a fool's errand to try to set up a bank to allow farmers to take the initiative for loans - and farmers are very suspicious, and they would rather believe it.
The local loan sharks in this hometown will not believe in the sudden appearance of banks - let alone any cooperatives.
Silkworm farmers have been operating like this for thousands of years, and they will never easily join a "cooperative" that pops up suddenly. In order for silkworm farmers to join the cooperative and receive technical guidance from modern sericulture, there must be a sample to demonstrate participation.
There are many benefits to cooperatives.
During the Republic of China, Suzhou Sericulture College promoted sericulture improvement locally and set up a promotion office in Kaixiangong Village. Through continuous promotion and publicity, the sericulture improvement was carried out step by step. If the Anti-Japanese War had not broken out, it would have been possible.
The first Chinese sericulture agricultural cooperative organization may have been established locally - in fact, there was already a vague trend in Kaixiangong Village and some nearby villages at that time.
If you just stay in Fenghuang Villa and engage in closed small-scale production, you will never be able to build a cooperative. The words "going deep into the grassroots" are not for nothing. Even the Japanese Rural Cooperative Organization, which is the most successful in rural cooperatives
, a lot of energy was spent on persuading and mobilizing farmers to join the union at the beginning.
Floods and droughts have been quite frequent in Zhejiang in recent years. Although the consequences of these disasters are not as severe as those in the northern Central Plains at that time, the entire rural economy has still been greatly damaged. There are many victims without food and clothing. Since I have contacted
The Jin gentry has set up a charity to take in refugees sent abroad, so this rural cooperative organization can also do it under the brand of "a place to deal with the aftermath."
In the name of organizing the production and self-rescue of refugees, and in the name of Ci Xin Tang, a one-stop demonstration society for sericulture and silk reeling was established. Refugee women were used to work. There was a sign of great righteousness in handling charity, and with the support of a group of Catholic gentry,
Since I have my friendship with Fushe, I will probably not have any problems if I set up a sericulture association on my own.
He immediately called Li Yao'er and expressed his thoughts. Li Yao'er didn't disagree with him at all. He just felt that he had just started to take care of students, and if the scale expanded, he might not be able to take care of them.
"It doesn't matter," Zhao Yingong comforted her. "Many of the refugees who have been admitted have experience in raising silkworms. You just need to strictly control the technical requirements. If we provide improved seeds, it will not be a problem to get a good harvest."
"If this is the case, a sericulture farm will have to be set up at the foot of the mountain." Li Yao'er said, "There are too many people in Shantang, so I'm afraid it's not suitable for sericulture."
"The sericulture farm and silk reeling factory can be set up by the river and just hang the sign of the charity. It is similar to the concept of a charity factory. Of course, it should be closer to the charity, so that workers do not have to spend too much time on the road when commuting."
"What to do about the problem of mulberry leaves?" Li Yao'er was a little worried. "Silkworm seeds are easy to come by. A lot of them were shipped to us from Lingao. I breed some of them myself. But now the mulberry trees in the villa are all newly planted. It is enough for breeding."
There are not enough venues.”
"I'm going to 'buy leaves'."
"Buy Shaoye?" Li Yaoer didn't understand the word and looked at him with confusion.
"This is a terminology." Zhao Yingong smiled, "You will be the head of the Sericulture Cooperative in the future. You have to understand a lot of local jargon in this time and space..."
"Wait a minute, I'm an agricultural technician. When will I become your boss?"
"I think you are just the right person." Zhao Yingong put on an expression that said, "Who else would I give you if I have a big job?" "You know technology, and you are a veteran and know how to organize people to work. There is no barrier to communication between you and me. And this
Didn't you do a great job leading the sericulture production team for a few days? Just treat this cooperative as the production team ten times larger."
"But--"
"It doesn't matter." Zhao Yingong continued to cheer her up, "You don't have to be afraid of this or that. These days, you should also understand our era. This is an era with no concept of human rights. The women in the sericulture production team are uncompromising.
A slave who doesn't hold back. Even if you kill one of them, you won't be asked to pay with your life..."
"Stop talking, I'm scared just thinking about this." Li Yao'er frowned and said, "I always feel that I'm not suitable for this society - it's so different from Lingao. It's simply a hell on earth..." She
He glared at Zhao Yingong and said, "I understand what you mean. There are no personnel arrangements here. There are issues such as labor protection to consider. We are slave owners who run factories. We treat slave workers with nothing more than carrots and sticks. As long as we teach them well
Just give them skills and let them work hard."
Zhao Yingong cursed in his heart: The literary youth and petty bourgeoisie are having an emotional attack again! But he still looks kind and cheerful on his face. He has quite a lot of experience in dealing with women and knows that whatever they say when they are in an emotional attack is wrong. It is better to let them vent their emotions before talking.
Unexpectedly, Li Yaoer became silent after saying these words. She is a very rational woman, and she soon realized the absurdity of what she said - you have to know that she also agreed to buy a maid for her husband, and
She also secretly thought very seriously about how to "train" and "control" the maids once they were in place, how she could show the majesty of a "housewife", and how she should punish the maids when they made mistakes... roughly what she had seen before.
A mixed imaginary version of various palace fight novels and palace fight dramas.
After all, I wholeheartedly like the feeling of being a slave master and a "superior". Those righteous words just now seemed like a slap in the face - I couldn't help but turn red.
"I understand. I accepted this task - serve the Senate!"
"Serve the Senate and the people!" Zhao Yingong corrected.
"Pull it down." Li Yao'er said, "Let's not talk about this for now. What does it mean to buy mulberry leaves? Is there a guarantee for the mulberry leaves? If we can't supply the mulberry leaves, we will have to abandon the silkworms. The loss will be too great."
"No problem." Zhao Yingong explained that buying "shoot leaves" is actually a primitive futures transaction. The customer pays the mulberry owner in advance at a certain price, buys the mulberry leaves, and then picks up the goods after picking them. Buying "shoot leaves"
The actual transaction of "mulberry leaves" is very similar to the "buying young crops" at that time. They all took advantage of the farmers' shortage of crops before and after the Chinese New Year and urgent need for cash to buy futures products at lower prices. Of course, in the event of a bumper harvest of mulberry leaves, silkworm farmers would be
Factors such as a reduction in amplitude cause the market to plummet, and buyers will naturally lose money.
However, in most years, the price of raw silk is high, and buying "tip leaves" is profitable for businessmen and sericulture farmers operating in the leaf market. Many sericulture farmers who do not have mulberry orchards or whose mulberry leaf production is insufficient often borrow
In order to pay usury, you also have to buy "mulberry leaves". Therefore, a specialized mulberry leaf business was born, which engaged in futures trading of mulberry leaves. The trading methods were also very flexible, including short buying and selling, cash sales on credit, and all these methods were available.
"... If we don't consider speculation. Since we have abundant funds, it is quite reasonable to buy this kind of futures mulberry leaves. Although the current market must be bullish than before and after the Chinese New Year, it is now a time of drought. Last year, there was another drought. The market
Grain prices are high. When spring comes, farmers will have to carry out production activities and are in urgent need of funds. If you buy at this time, the price will definitely be quite favorable."