"In the Naxi language, Yunshanping is called Youwu Pavilion. Listening to this name, you should have the feeling that it is the place where the ghosts of men and women who died in love haunt."
"ah!"
"Before the 1950s, the number of Naxi men and women who died for love was the highest in the world based on the population ratio. Lijiang was known as the world's capital of love."
"ah!"
"Why is this so?"
"In the legend of the Dongba Sutra, if a man and woman who cannot be together in the human world die in love, they can go to the third kingdom of the Jade Dragon after salvation.
There, there is plenty of food and clothing, people who love each other can be together forever, and young men and women will never grow old.
On one side is the temptation of freedom, youth and love, on the other side is the opposition of the family and the oppression of feudal ethics. Many couples who cannot be together make an appointment to die in love.
Carrying a few days' worth of dry food on their backs, they both arrived at a place where their beautiful family members could not find them. This place was Yunshanping, known as the entrance to the Jade Dragon's Third Kingdom.
After the couple lived happily for a few days, they would eat grass and crows from the snow-capped mountains together and commit suicide. Or they could choose a beautiful spruce, also called the death-of-love tree, and hang themselves from the same tree."
"Ah!" The girls covered their hearts with tears shining.
"In this way, their wandering souls will be led by the God of Love into the Third Kingdom of Jade Dragon, and they will live happily together forever in this country of love."
"The Exotic Land Development of Vegetable-Growing Skeletons"
Moved, we arrived at Yunshanping. The tourists were full of respect and got out of the car to pay homage to the Youwu Pavilion.
Enter the ropeway station.
It is closer to the tourist center and is famous as a place of love and death, so there are obviously more tourists than Maoniuping.
But when they got on the ropeway, most of the tourists also started to get off the ropeway.
Because we went out late, the scenic spot was closed.
The Little White Dragon Group didn't care that the scenic spot was closed, so they took the ropeway to the side of Jade Dragon Snow Mountain, where they found a wooden plank road winding through the virgin spruce forest.
Tall and straight spruce trees stand straight into the blue sky, their green branches and leaves are slightly yellowish. The clear blue sky and cotton candy-like white clouds are divided into pieces of blue crystal fragments by the treetops, torn into cotton wool, and shed variegated brilliance in the forest.
Cows and sheep roamed the forest, squirrels jumped around on the branches, and black and white snow-capped mountains appeared and disappeared behind the woods.
Everyone couldn't help but slow down their pace, and even their breathing became lighter, as if they had arrived in a fairy tale land, for fear of disturbing the tranquility of this place.
He Huan said: "Spruce is very common in Yunzhou, so it often enters the folk songs of ethnic minorities. It has many symbolic meanings. It often represents loyalty and beauty in love, so it has become the love death of Naxi men and women.
Tree."
After walking on the plank road for more than ten minutes, a large expanse of green and yellow lawn appeared in front of me. Cattle, sheep and horses were walking around inside, and they occasionally lowered their heads to eat grass. I didn't feel hungry at first sight.
"Wow!" Everyone sighed softly, approaching the fence beside the lawn.
Compared with the ups and downs of Maoniuping, this lawn is very flat.
Hidden in the embrace of the main peak of Jade Dragon Snow Mountain and the spruce forest, it is like a virgin who has never seen the world.
Peaceful and beautiful.
"No wonder this place is called the entrance to the Jade Dragon Third Kingdom! It's so beautiful!"
He Huan said: "Spring and summer are more beautiful, the green lawns are full of flowers, and the snow in the snow-capped mountains has not yet melted, just like a watercolor painting."
"Ah!" everyone said, "Little Bailong! You're tempting us again!"
"Yes! Come to Yunshanping again in spring and summer!"
"ah!"
"I have long said that the beautiful scenery of Yunzhou changes in four seasons, so don't try to catch it all at once. In summer, there is a lot of rain and clouds and mist, so it is difficult to see the snow-capped mountains. But in April and May, you should be able to show the bright watercolor painting I just mentioned. Yes.
Bar?"
He Huan turned to look at Team Leader He, who smiled and nodded, "Yes!"
"Ah! I will come again on May Day next year!" the tourists shouted one after another.
"Yes! I have made reservations for the flowers from Cangshan Alpine Du Juan and Yunshanping for May Day next year!"
He Huan is so funny, and the team leader is also all smiles, Xiao Bailong has such influence!
"Why do you want to die in love with such a beautiful place?" a girl asked.
"Originally this was called Twelve Happy Slopes."
"Wow! This name is more beautiful!"
"The full name in Naxi is Wulu Youcuige. Wulu is very similar to the hotel we stayed in, Oulu, and they are both transliterations. It means the third country of Jade Dragon.
This place is called the Twelve Happy Slopes. I think it was the place where many happy songs and laughter of the Naxi people were sprinkled in the past. Before the Qing Dynasty, the Naxi people did not have the habit of committing suicide for love."
Everyone was admiring Yunshanping and listening to He Huan’s explanation.
"The Naxi people believe in martial arts and bravery. They are not afraid of death and have strong folk customs. They have always had conflicts with surrounding tribes. During the Ming Dynasty, there were frequent wars with the Kham area, but they also died in battle, and there was no custom of dying in love.
When did love death become popular? It was the Qing Dynasty, the first year of Yongzheng, that is, 1723, after Lijiang implemented the land reform and return to local rule."
Everyone looked at He Huan curiously. The team leader also looked at him.
"Previously, Yunzhou had always maintained contact with the Central Plains in the form of an independent country or a dependent country, and the local customs and customs have not been changed.
After the Yuan Dynasty incorporated Yunzhou into its territory, it also allowed it to go its own way, and the various countries and tribes in Yunzhou continued to work on their own. The Ming Dynasty began to strengthen its rule over Yunzhou, which caused greater harm to the culture of Yunzhou's ethnic minorities.
I told you this in Dali. But in order to facilitate governance, the Ming Dynasty implemented the native official system. For example, the chieftain of Lijiang managed the people of Lijiang.
Then in the Qing Dynasty, in the early days of warlord separatism, the most famous one was the San Francisco Rebellion! The Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau wanted independence and rebelled. Later rulers learned their lessons and returned to their original ways."
The little white dragon group nodded, starting from Paoma Mountain talking about the San Francisco Rebellion to Dali talking about Nanzhao and Dali, and now finally talking about Lijiang!
So complete!
"In the Ming Dynasty, Mufu was a hereditary local magistrate. In the Qing Dynasty, Tusi was abolished, and like other places, the court appointed officials to Yunzhou as parent officials.
These parent officials are the heads of the family. When the new officials take office, they will control the barbarians with Xia and forcefully carry out customs reform. Otherwise, how can we show that they are powerful?"
"Of course, this is also the rule of people's hearts, and it must start with culture. From then on, marriage must obey the parents, and marry with cattle, sheep, pigs and wine. Parents' orders and matchmakers' words have become a rigid standard. And free interaction between men and women is regarded as inappropriate.
,rude."
"Before this, according to historical records of the Yuan Dynasty, the people of Yunzhou sang in harmony in the mountains, found their own spouses, and were free to love and marry.
Such a nation, which advocates freedom, yearns for love and is not afraid of death, encountered the forced feudal ethical system, and a fierce conflict arose."
Everyone sighed, shocked to hear it.
"But no matter how powerful an individual is, how can he compare with the power of the ruling class? Moreover, this feudal ethics maintains the interests of some people.
For example, if the family is well matched, that is, a strong marriage. And with the orders of his parents, he can make a family stronger through marriage.
Parents also find that they can sell their children's freedom of marriage to marry the strong. Or they can ensure that all the men in the family can marry and have children, such as the uncle-in-law marriage system.
Therefore, these vested interests agree with this feudal marriage system. Therefore, they become accomplices and force their children to accept the words of matchmakers ordered by their parents.
But they are a minority after all, and they often have free love and arranged marriages. This is the same marriage system as the Dulong people I told you before."
Everyone listened carefully, and suddenly a young man asked doubtfully: "Have you ever talked about the Dulong tribe before?"
"Ah!" He Huan recalled, "I told the group of tourists who visited Sleeping Beauty on Chinese Valentine's Day."
The tourists all laughed. The group leader also smiled and looked at him. Did he talk too much and get confused?
"I don't care, then you will take us to the Dulong Clan from now on!"
"The Dulong tribe is in Gaoligong Mountain!"
"Then this time Jade Dragon Snow Mountain, next time Gaoligong Mountain!"
He Huan was stunned for a while, then pretended to be angry and said, "Can you stop interrupting me? Where did I go?"
Everyone laughed and quickly reminded him: "Love is free and marriage is arranged."
"Yes!" He Huan continued, "Freedom of love, what are the disadvantages of arranged marriage? For example, like the Han people, girls are raised in a boudoir, and they don't leave the house or see anyone before getting married. Since childhood, they have been taught the three obediences and the four virtues.
So, no matter who you marry her to, she will live with her husband and wife, and her mood will not change greatly. But ethnic minorities are not raised in purdah!
Many ethnic minority girls have been grazing outside since they were young! Working! Just like men. Then they meet the person they like, sing folk songs, and the two get together and do everything they need to do.
There was no such etiquette in Yunzhou before, and we all still have some concepts of chastity. But there was no such rule in Yunzhou before. Sex before marriage, and even illegitimate children, are all accepted by the world."
"The two of you are deeply in love, and no one will care about you. Suddenly when it's time to get married, the parents suddenly say that they want to marry her to another person!
At this time, obey your father at home, and obey your husband when you get married, and you will show up with a straight face! As long as this person is favored by your parents and given a betrothal gift, you will marry even if it is an old man or a blind man."
"ah!"
"Think about it, I already have the person I like, how happy we are, and now you want me to marry someone else. I have fallen from the free and beautiful heaven to the dark and bottomless abyss! Who can accept this?
Especially for Naxi women, marriage is a heavy burden. This situation is common in Yunzhou. After marriage, men idle around, while women run the family and are oppressed by their husbands and husband's family.
You said that if you marry the person you love, you can just bear the burden of the family for him. The person who loves you will give you more love and help.
How can you be willing to live such a hard life when you marry someone you don't love?
So there was a huge gap between the free and beautiful youth and the painful and taboo marriage! Marriage really became the tomb of youth and love! From this, a violent conflict broke out."
The tourists nodded.
"Then the girl finds the man she loves and agrees to die. A married man who has already enjoyed the happiness of a man and has become a vested interest will not die."
Everyone laughed.
"But these young men in their teens and twenties have not yet tried to force their wives to enjoy idleness. They still put love first. Some of them will accept the girl's invitation.
Love-related deaths of the Naxi people are usually initiated and led by women, because women are the direct victims, and the vested interests are those men.
For example, an old and ugly man cannot marry a wife in a free love environment. Then when the trend of feudal ethics comes, he only needs to ask his parents to find a wife for him, find a matchmaker, and pay a betrothal gift.
The woman’s vested interests come into play at this time. Usually it’s the woman’s father, who will marry off his daughter for the sake of the bride price or the man’s status.”
He Huan sighed, and everyone also sighed. This chapter has been completed!