Chen Wenzhe once saw an old copy of Ouyang Xun's "Jiucheng Palace Liquan Ming" in the antique market.
At first glance, I can feel that the inscriptions of Weng Fanggang, a great goldsmith in the Qing Dynasty, are very skillful, but the original copy of "Jiucheng Palace Liquan Inscription" is very dull and not an original rubbing.
Later it was discovered that Weng Fanggang's inscription and postscript in this edition were cloned from Weng Fanggang's inscription and postscript on the "Huadu Temple Stele".
The original inscription and postscript have Weng Fanggang's seal "Su Zhai Mo Yuan", but the fake postscript on the copy of "Jiucheng Palace Liquan Inscription" does not have Weng Fanggang's seal.
Whether the rubbings have been collected by celebrities will also affect the price of the rubbings.
Therefore, forgers often forge some identification seals on rubbings, so you should also pay attention to this.
Forged collection seals from past dynasties are often stamped at once.
The seal printing colors of different people in different eras are the same, which goes against common sense.
In addition, forged seals often have poor seal cutting quality.
Nowadays, many people will buy some inscriptions to practice calligraphy.
Especially rich people who have money and leisure and want to cultivate their sentiments are more likely to be fooled.
For these people, they are very confident in what they buy and do not think that the inscriptions they buy may be fake.
In fact, no matter what your social status is, the antique shop will always try to trick you.
The above-mentioned counterfeiting methods are relatively easy to identify.
If it was made by ancient people, it would be more difficult to identify it.
After all, both technology and time will increase the difficulty of identification.
It is precisely Chen Wenzhe who has done more research on ancient technology.
There are many ways to forge ancient inscriptions, the main ones include re-engraving, re-engraving, and fake engraving.
Of course, there are also wax inlays, dyeing to make it look old, and inscriptions to be fake.
In modern times, modern technology needs to be added, such as photocopying and zinc plates, scraping, repairing, inking, matching, sealing, ink and decoration counterfeiting, etc.
Chen Wenzhe looked and selected at the same time, and he directly picked out the ones with obvious mistakes.
Also, there are those that are particularly famous.
Because now Chen Wenzhe discovered that there are too many posts here, and they are not all Ouyang Xun's works, but also those of other celebrities, which are very exaggerated.
Take the Yishan Monument for example. The fake inscription on the monument is very distinctive.
Of course, sometimes it is not authentic, which does not mean it has no value, especially some ancient fakes.
Just like a copy of the Yishan Stele in Chen Wenzhe's hand, the rubbing technique is very ancient, and it should be a reprint.
Re-engraving and re-engraving refer to the re-engraved version because the original has been destroyed or has long been lost.
Because the original stone does not exist and the rubbings are extremely rare, this kind of copy has become an orphan copy or has not even been handed down at all. Therefore, the value of the reprinted copy cannot be underestimated.
However, there is often more than one kind of reprint, and the time and quality are different.
For example, the Qin Dynasty's "Yishan Stele" is said to have been overthrown by Wei Wu, and the people of the city burned it down without passing it on.
Du Fu once said: "The monument on Yishan Mountain was burned by wildfire, and the carvings on the jujube wood were distorted."
It can be seen that there were copies in the Tang Dynasty, but unfortunately they were not handed down.
The only one that has been handed down to this day is the copy made by Xu Xuan, south of Zheng Wenbao, in August of the fourth year of Chunhua in the Song Dynasty.
This copy was re-engraved in Chang'an, and later copies were made from the Chang'an version in Shaoxing, Pujiang, Jiangning, Qingshe, Shuzhong, Zouxian and other places.
Others include the Cao Quan Monument and the Shi Chen Monument.
Although the inscriptions are still there, due to the long distance and inconvenience of reproducing them, or due to the age and damage to the monuments, the dealers still re-engraved the inscriptions to pretend to be original stones, which is called reprinted editions.
Most of the engravings were hastily carved, many of the engravers were illiterate, and there were many mistakes in strokes. The original tablets were still there, so they were almost worthless.
After the Qianlong and Jiaqing reigns, this kind of engravings appeared in many types, including stone carvings, wood carvings, gray paint carvings, and mud wall carvings.
Among them, the most common ones are tile ash mixed with raw lacquer, or clay plate-making.
Because the cost is light and the profit is high, it is easy to carve. Although it is cruder than the wood and stone carvings, it is the most popular in circulation.
The titles in the reprints range from the Qin and Han dynasties to the four mountains and cliffs.
Often only forty or fifty copies are made at a time, and in some cases the copy is damaged after more than ten copies are made.
Therefore, the quality can be guaranteed in the initial development, but later it is completely different.
These are not the most exaggerated. The most exaggerated works should be works like Wang Xizhi's Preface to the Holy Religion and Preface to Lanting.
Some forgers only make up documents based on the information in books and write and engrave them, which is called pseudo-engraving.
Because fake engravings are fabrications without basis, they are worse than re-engravings and have no value at all.
In order to deceive people's trust, fake engravings often lie about being unearthed in a certain month and at a certain place.
Some use rubbings to deceive people, and some simply sell the stone carvings together.
For example, the Han Dynasty's "Ceremonial Stele at the Yingling Tomb", "Zhang Fei's Inscription on Horses", "Tao Hongjing's Epitaph", etc. are this kind of fake engravings.
What Chen Wenzhe is holding now is not the inscriptions from the Han Dynasty stele. These must be fakes.
However, if Li Tianqiang can collect it here, it must be of some value.
These should be forgeries from the Ming Dynasty, because there were so many forgeries in this period.
There were already many forgeries of Han steles in the Ming Dynasty, but because the calligraphy looks are so similar, it is easy for inexperienced people to believe them to be genuine.
It can be said that no matter ancient or modern, as long as there is benefit, someone will definitely cheat.
Since there are fake works of Wang Xizhi here, naturally there will be no shortage of Wang Xianzhi's works.
Chen Wenzhe flipped through the pages and quickly picked out two books, one was Wang Xianzhi's "Jiangzhou Tie" and the other was Wang Xianzhi's Thirteen Lines of Luo Shen Fu.
Obviously, these are unlikely to be genuine.
There are quite a few problems that can be clearly seen in these inscriptions.
If we can't see the problem, we can only conclude that it cannot be authentic based on its reputation. There are many such works.
Of course, many of them have been verified by ancient people and are considered to be fakes.
Because textual criticism has been very popular since the middle of the Qing Dynasty.
Dinghai Fangruo also wrote a book called "Essays on the School Stele", which is devoted to researching the dates when the calligraphy and paintings on the famous stele were damaged.
For example, the Han Dynasty "Lujiang Prefect Hengfang Stele", based on the fact that the word "general" in the stele is not damaged, is judged to be an extension made in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties.
The "Maming Temple Stele" in the Northern Wei Dynasty has not been broken, so it can be inferred that it was a rubbing made before Daoguang.
The forger would use his or her own judgment to repair damaged characters or fractures on the original stele, and fill them with wax to make up for the old rubbings. This would make the forgery even more sophisticated.
Therefore, caution should be exercised if old rubbings are found to be weak and suspicious of writing power in textual research, or if the paper and ink are not dated enough or the color is not correct.
Without careful study, it is difficult to draw a conclusion.
By this time, Chen Wenzhe was already feeling a little dizzy.
This kid Li Tianqiang really dares to accept him.
Not to mention those stone tablets, but these tablets and inscriptions. As long as there is an authentic item inside, no matter how much money you pay, you should not lose money.
But, is this possible?
Seeing the piles of inscriptions on the inscriptions, Chen Wenzhe simply threw the copy of Wang Xizhi's Lanting Preface in his hand on the ground.
Turning around to look at the other stone monuments, there are only a few stone monuments, so let’s take a look first!
What is this? Chen Wenzhe was a little surprised just by looking at it.
The stone tablet hidden here seems to be even more famous.