Look at the other one, which is also a bronze statue. The copper material used should be the formula provided by Chen Wenzhe.
He had studied many copper materials before making the Jingyun Bell, and this was one of them.
These words are imitated from the Buddha statues in the central snow area of the Ming Dynasty, which were usually cast in red copper.
This kind of red copper is not simple, and even ordinary people cannot smelt it.
If Chen Wenzhe hadn't prepared and synthesized it, just the imitation of this material would have been enough to give Chen Xingchen a headache for months, or even years.
Throughout the ages, no matter how skilled the antique workers are, the first thing they look for before starting the antique work is suitable materials.
Before the Qing Dynasty, the red copper material used to make Buddha statues was imported from Nepal.
The color of gilding is orange-yellow, a very warm yellow.
The feel is light, heavy and soft.
On the other hand, because it is made of red copper and has a relatively soft texture, its walls are not very standardized and follow the shape.
Therefore, its back cover adopts the roll-back method, or the bottom-wrapping method, that is, the wall of the vessel is rolled back to seal the Buddha's collection.
In the Qing Dynasty, the territory was probably vast, the country was strong, and the problem of lack of copper resources was solved.
Therefore, most of the Tibetan Buddhist statues in the Shendu area during the Qing Dynasty were cast in brass.
This kind of copper statue has thick walls, feels stiff to the touch, and is heavy.
In addition, because copper is hard and brittle, it can no longer be rolled up like in the Ming Dynasty, so the chop-top sealing method is used instead, which is easy to identify.
Only with the right materials can we start to imitate.
Before starting to imitate, you must first understand the culture at that time.
The Qing Dynasty originated from outside the customs. The Manchu people originally believed in shamanism and had a very close relationship with the Mongolian area. There was a saying that "Manchu and Mongolian people are one family".
Since the Yuan Dynasty, Mongolia has been deeply influenced by Tibetan Buddhism.
Therefore, after the Qing court entered the pass, the Qing emperor vigorously promoted the Yellow Sect (Gelug Sect).
Tibetan Buddhist statues occupy the sacred capital in an absolutely mainstream form and influence all parts of the country.
After that, there was an obvious one-sided trend in the form of Buddhist statues in Shendu.
In the thirty-sixth year of Kangxi's reign (1697), Emperor Kangxi set up the "Zhongzhengdian Sutra Chanting Office" in the palace, which was responsible for Tibetan Buddhist affairs in the palace and also responsible for the creation of Buddhist statues.
The establishment of the sutra chanting office in the Zhongzheng Hall actually marked the beginning of the standardization of palace statue making activities in the Qing Dynasty.
The Buddhist statues of the Kangxi period were exquisitely crafted and exquisitely crafted.
This reflects the aesthetic taste of the court, represents the highest level of Tibetan Buddhist statues in the Qing Dynasty, and enjoys a high reputation internationally.
During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, the country was powerful and the royal family advocated Buddhism. The materials of the statues in this period were very high.
Even in the late Qing Dynasty, there were some exquisite pieces such as the gilt bronze treasure Tianwang.
To be honest, the characteristics of the Qing Dynasty Buddhist statues are very obvious.
For example, the face is round and plump, the forehead is plump and wide, the facial features are exquisite, and the eyes are expressive.
She also has a well-proportioned body and a graceful shape.
Looking at the clothing, there are many Han-style clothes, with radial patterns, vivid pleats and loose silk fabrics.
The necklaces and beads decorated on the chest are extremely exquisite and delicate, luxurious and elegant.
The bottom edge of the rosette is obviously outward, the petals are regular, and the petals are flat, usually only half the circumference, which is characteristic of the times.
Like Tara, the eyeliner is in a zigzag pattern with wide spacing, which is a characteristic of the Qianlong statues of the Qing Dynasty.
In addition, the crown leaves are flat-shaped, not hollowed out, and the production is rough.
Chen Xingchen was better off, he thought that as long as it was produced by the palace, it should be high-quality.
Therefore, the imitation Qing Dynasty Buddha statues here are all made for excellence.
Well, it should be the pursuit of excellence in his ideas.
In Chen Wenzhe's opinion, it is just shoddy, because no matter how you look at it, it is too dull.
However, Chen Xingchen is really willing to use materials.
For example, the gold and bronze Buddha statue in front of me is a pity that these materials are not used, because if you know a little bit about appraisal, you will know that these are modern imitations that have been aged.
It is also very simple to identify. To identify gold and bronze Buddha statues, the type, weight, color, etc. should be used as the starting point to discover the historical traces solidified on the Buddha statues.
The art of gold and bronze Buddha statues in ancient my country is divided into two parts: Han Buddhist art and Tibetan Buddhist art.
It is necessary to distinguish the differences in styles and find out the bronze composition or gilt texture;
Based on the comprehensive judgment based on the characteristics of the times, and using the standard instrument as the basis for authenticity, we can determine whether the bronze Buddha statue is a new imitation and whether it has been aged.
Then look at the color. In ancient times, Buddha statues were placed on Buddhist niches for worship, and they have endured the fire and smoke of the world, and the erosion of the sun and the moon.
In particular, the surface color of the gilt bronze statue is dark, and the light refracted back in the sun is soft.
Newly imitated and aged bronze Buddha statues, the refracted light is more dazzling.
Just like the statue of Bodhisattva inlaid with Dongzhu imitating the Qianlong Emperor of the Qing Dynasty in front of me, what is the difference between the brilliance reflected by it and the gleaming light on newly fired porcelain?
In Chen Wenzhe's eyes, it was as bright as a headlight.
Other than that, the quality looks pretty good.
The copper used in these ancient Buddha statues is relatively pure and heavy, especially the castings are thick.
If it is an ordinary imitation of gold and copper Buddha statues, the copper is generally impure, light in weight, and alloy materials are used.
Therefore, Chen Xingchen is willing to use materials, and the craftsmanship should not be bad.
After all, the craftsmanship techniques compiled by Chen Wenzhe are enough for Chen Xingchen to learn even if they are not specifically designed to imitate Qing Dynasty Buddhist statues.
As for other aspects of craftsmanship, as long as it involves the craftsmanship of Buddha statues, you can learn from them at will. In addition, there are many imitations of Song Dynasty Buddha statues here. As long as you have a little talent for antiques, it is impossible to imitate them like what you see in front of you.
However, the imitation is not good, but it looks a bit like the original from ancient times.
This can be regarded as unintentional, because due to the limitations of the ancient production technology, many details of the cast Buddha statue appear to be relatively rough.
If it is made by the ancient palace, it must be processed with meticulous sculpture techniques.
At this time, the processing marks will be clearly visible on the expression, clothing, and base.
Modern bronze Buddha statues are polished using a mechanism to produce very regular processing marks.
In fact, you can tell whether a Buddha statue is fake without looking at it. You can just rely on your sense of smell.
You know, Buddha statues are generally used.
Ancient bronze Buddha statues have been enshrined for a long time and fumigated by fireworks, and you can smell the smoke;
If it is buried underground for a long time, you can smell mold and decay.
But modern imitations smell of chemical corrosion.
However, the market potential of Qing Dynasty Buddhist statues is still very large, so there are many imitators.
With the rise of domestic Buddhist statue collections, some new and imitated fakes have also begun to appear on the market.
To identify the authenticity of Buddha statues, you can consider many aspects such as shape, texture, and craftsmanship.
Especially due to the limitations of the production technology at that time, the expressions and clothing of ancient Buddhist statues were processed with meticulous hand-sculpting techniques.
And modern imitations, no matter how realistic they are, will still show traces of modern craftsmanship and machine polishing.