Depending on the element content in the raw materials, the color of the blue and white porcelain will be different after firing.
Iron oxide appears black in the reduction flame, and manganese oxide appears purple in the reduction flame.
Therefore, the blue and white that are fired using "sumaliqing" material with high iron content are prone to produce black spots in the rich blue color. This is the main characteristic of imported green materials.
Now that we know the characteristics of Suma Liqing, can we use modern methods to produce the same effect?
Certainly, for example, Yuan blue and white, do modern people have high imitations?
The high imitations here are the kind that cannot be identified even by top appraisers from auction houses.
There must be some, but this kind of high imitation is not accessible to ordinary people, and not many people will know about it.
As for the so-called experts in the market who claim that they can make high-quality imitations, they are all liars.
A real master cannot be easily known to others, nor can he be publicized.
Isn’t it bad for people to just keep silent and make a fortune? Why should it be widely publicized?
Those who advertise are all liars who can't find the right person to take advantage of.
This is like those famous doctors advertised on the Internet, how famous and powerful each one is.
However, have you ever thought about whether a truly famous doctor has time to practice online?
People who come to him for medical treatment every day travel thousands of miles away, so how can he have the free time to advertise online? There is no need.
The same is true for high-end imitations. There are high-level imitations of this kind on the market now, but they cannot escape scientific identification.
This is also the reason why some appraisers desperately disparage scientific methods of appraisal.
They all use scientific methods, who still uses traditional appraisers?
In fact, the best way to identify antiques is thermoluminescence and aging identification.
The composition identification is not trustworthy. Needless to say, this is the best place to fake ancient porcelain.
The signs of natural aging are the most difficult to imitate.
The second is thermoluminescence. This dating method is completely different from carbon 14 identification.
Thermoluminescence effect, sometimes translated as thermoluminescence or thermoluminescence, is a cold luminescence phenomenon.
When some crystals (such as minerals) are heated, the electromagnetic radiation or other ionizing radiation originally absorbed and stored in the lattice defects will be released in the form of photons.
This phenomenon is not to be confused with blackbody radiation (also called thermoluminescence).
In archaeological research, it can be used to determine the age of ancient cultural relics.
Because during the burial process, cultural relics were exposed to the natural radioactive elements uranium, thorium and potassium in the surrounding environment.
The longer the burial time, the more electrons and holes are generated in the cultural relics, so the thermoluminescence is stronger.
Therefore, using thermoluminescence technology, radiation dosimeters can also be made.
Chen Wenzhe understands this technology naturally because he wants to understand thermoluminescence dating.
Thermoluminescence dating refers to a technology that utilizes the thermoluminescence phenomenon of insulating crystalline solids for dating.
Suitable for pottery and other fire-fired clay samples.
The range of dating can reach hundreds of thousands of years.
Pottery is fired from clay, which generally contains trace amounts of radioactive substances such as uranium, thorium and potassium.
They are exposed to various types of radiation every moment.
When pottery is fired, the high temperature releases all the energy originally stored in the crystalline solid.
Since then, energy has been re-accumulated and increased over time.
The stronger the radioactivity and the older it is, the greater the amount of thermoluminescence it will produce.
That is, the amount of thermoluminescence is directly proportional to the total dose of radioactivity received.
As long as the contents of uranium, thorium and potassium in the pottery are measured, the radiation intensity and cosmic ray intensity in the surrounding soil are measured, and the annual dose of natural radiation is determined, the age of the pottery firing can be calculated.
Therefore, as long as you understand thermoluminescence, you will know the method of using radiation. It is almost impossible to avoid thermoluminescence identification just like avoiding the carbon 14 identification method, because it is too difficult to control.
Of course, Chen Wenzhe is only imitating now, not imitating antiques, nor will he make them old.
Naturally, he is not afraid of others' appraisal, so he just wants the porcelain to show the best effect.
In this way, it would not be the best choice to perfectly replicate the craftsmanship of the ancients.
Not to mention the ancient craftsmanship, but the ancient raw materials, it is difficult for him to perfectly copy it.
Even if he had a cheating device and knew the origins of various raw materials used in ancient times, it would be difficult for him to completely restore the ancient environment.
Therefore, if you want to perfectly present the beauty of ancient porcelain, the best way is to use modern chemical green materials to mix colors.
And this requires understanding the color of porcelain.
Now Chen Wenzhe just wants to study blue and white porcelain, so he must understand the color development of blue and white porcelain in the past dynasties.
Functionally speaking, color development is the most advantageous tool for dating porcelain.
Aesthetically speaking, it records the evolution of royal aesthetics over hundreds of years.
Even the emperor's personality is reflected in it.
For example, he knew that the top and most classic one should have seven color rendering effects.
Blue and white hair color, the most famous one should be the azure color.
Anyone with eyes knows that the color of blue and white porcelain has nothing to do with azure.
But Ru Ci actually made it azure.
The color of blue and white porcelain actually depends on the color performance of its raw material, cobalt oxide, after being fired at high temperature.
Cobalt materials with different compositions produce blue and white flowers with different flavors.
Suma Liqing is a kind of blue and white. Due to its special properties, the blue and white made from it are very distinctive.
Of course, any material has its own uses.
If you use it well, it will perform well.
If you don't use it well, it's just a black thing.
Just like Suma Liqing, if used well, the color will be deep and emerald, thick and deep, and the color will be as bright as sapphire.
Even Emperor Yongle couldn't put down this kind of porcelain.
But gold is not pure, and the beauty of Su Ma Li Qing also has flaws.
Or because of its special properties, porcelain fired with Sumaliqing is often accompanied by discoloration of the color.
In addition, there are dark brown rust spots, which are now called tin spots.
This defect is also known as the most important iconic aesthetic of Suma Liqing.
As a unique green material during the Yongxuan period of the Ming Dynasty, Sumali Qing created another style of blue and white porcelain.
It is naturally indispensable in the famous blue and white works of that dynasty.
The Ming Yongle pressed hand cup with thick lines and tin spots, and the chicken heart cup are his favorite works.
In the Yongle and Xuande periods of the Yuan Dynasty and the early Ming Dynasty, suma and green materials were mainly used.
The composition of Su material is low in manganese and high in iron.
Manganese can easily cause hair color to appear purple or reddish. Low manganese will not easily produce purple or red tones, so the hair color will be bright and sapphire blue.
The iron element turns black after firing, and the high iron content causes black and purple spots to appear after the blue and white is fired.
However, these scattered black spots, if used well, can bring unique effects to the blue and white.
In the hands of a master, such defects are a bit like the heavy ink smudges in ink paintings, with rich and appropriate colors, reflecting the artistic effect of ink paintings.