During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the porcelain industry became even more prosperous.
During this period, there were reforms and innovations in the porcelain making process.
At this time, the shapes of the wares were more varied, and the decorative techniques and themes were more colorful.
There are also more varieties of glaze colors, which can be said to be colorful, creating a new chapter in the history of porcelain making in my country.
During the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, backflow pots were always made.
Most of the physical objects have been preserved, especially those from the Qing Dynasty.
Its textures include colored porcelain, purple sand and tin pots, etc., which are greatly developed compared with the previous generation.
In the Qing Dynasty, inverted pots rarely had the earlier styles with handles, but instead the handles were used instead of handles.
The shape is generally in the shape of branches, leaves and longevity peach, and the pot is often decorated with bats, deer, longevity stars, children, pine trees and other patterns.
In modern society, the inversion pot still plays its role in the homes of ordinary people, and is fascinating with its interesting and unique usage methods.
For example, backflow pots are still being made in Chenlu Ancient Town, Tongchuan.
During the Five Dynasties period in my country, the Tongchuan area in Western Shaanxi was called Jingzhao Huayuan.
Since then, ceramics have been produced locally and are known as Yaozhou ceramics.
By the Song Dynasty, there were 110,000 craftsmen in Yaozhou firing kilns to make porcelain.
Yaozhou kiln enjoys the same reputation as the five famous kilns of the Song Dynasty: Ru, Jun, Guan, Ge and Ding.
Its celadon glaze is smooth and bright, and its body is exquisite and changeable. It is a gorgeous and unique flower in the ancient porcelain art garden of my country.
In the late Yuan Dynasty, Yaozhou Kiln became the porcelain industry base and the largest firing area in the northwest region.
During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the ceramic industry in Yaozhou reached its peak, and the furnace fires were kept burning day and night, so it was known as "the furnace mountain never sleeps".
Today, this backflow pot, known as a national treasure, is forever embedded in this land as a symbol of Tongchuan’s honor.
If you have the chance, everyone hopes you can come to Tongchuan and see the "Magic Pot" in person.
Chen Wenzhe did not have this time, so he could only try his best to copy some ancient magic pots based on the information he obtained.
Of course, Chen Wenzhe has not forgotten that he mainly made blue and white porcelain this time.
So after I imitated a celadon backflow pot, I made other blue and white backflow pots.
A beautiful porcelain pot has no openings and no lid except for the spout. The whole pot is one piece.
To fill the pot with water, turn the pot upside down and pour water through the hole at the bottom.
After filling, stand the kettle upright so that water will not leak out from the bottom.
This "unconventional" porcelain pot is a backflow pot.
The first thing Chen Wenzhe imitated must be the celadon-glazed backflow teapot from the Five Dynasties period!
Then came the Tang and Song Dynasties. The Tang Dynasty was earlier than the Five Dynasties.
Because the backflow pot was created in the Tang Dynasty and became popular in the Song and Liao dynasties.
There are very few backflow kettles from the Tang Dynasty that have been handed down to the present. Chen Wenzhe only knows about one, which was a work from the late Tang Dynasty.
It was a Yue kiln celadon backflow pot from the late Tang Dynasty to the Five Dynasties period.
Yue kiln celadon has a green glaze color like mountains, which was praised by poets of the Tang Dynasty. The word "secret color" first came from the poem "Secret Color Yue Qi" by the late Tang poet Lu Guimeng.
The poem goes: "The wind and dew of the Nine Autumn Festival bloom over the kiln, capturing the green color of thousands of peaks. I wish I could join hands in the middle of the night, and share the remaining cups scattered in the middle of the sky."
Since the Tang Dynasty, most literati and elegant people liked drinking tea, so Yue kiln has achieved unprecedented development.
The glaze of the Yue kiln celadon cups is warm and delicate, with a greenish-yellowish color that perfectly brings out the color of the tea soup.
The popular tea-drinking custom also had an impact on the shape of Yue kiln celadon.
In the early Tang Dynasty, tall and thin standing utensils were the main ones. In the late Tang Dynasty, lotus leaf-style and flower-mouthed plates and bowls appeared.
The decoration of porcelain is mainly light plain, but also has scratched, carved, stacked and hollow patterns, with scratched patterns being the most common.
Common decorations are flowers, birds, water plants and people.
The carved lines on these porcelains are smooth, concise, delicate and vivid.
The Yue kiln celadon of the Five Dynasties has a delicate texture, thin side walls, and moist surface.
The color of the fetus is gray or pouring gray, and the enamel is plump, shiny, and translucent, like a tranquil lake, clear and pure.
The glaze layer is thin and even, and the glaze color is mainly yellow in the early stage and green in the later stage.
The backflow pots of this period are definitely celadon, but the Yue kiln celadon is closer to the secret color porcelain, so it is more exquisite.
The shape of the vessel is that of the Five Dynasties kettle with handles and backflow, but the glaze color is different.
After finishing this work, everyone from the late Tang Dynasty to the Five Dynasties had works, and then came the Song Dynasty.
The backflow pots of the Song Dynasty were also well made. The one he imitated was a green and white glaze backflow pot.
This treasure of a backflow pot is hidden in the Forbidden City. It is a green and white glaze backflow pot from Jingzhen Kiln.
The entire pot is 11.2 cm tall and 6 cm in diameter.
The body of the pot is spherical, with a chilong sculpture on the top, cleverly forming the flow of the pot and the lifting beam.
The belly of the pot is melon-shaped and solid, with a round hole in the center for pouring wine.
The whole body is covered with green and white glaze, and the glaze color is white with bluish tint.
Chen Wenzhe has done so much with green glaze or blue and white glaze porcelain that he can already master this glaze color very well.
Coupled with his skillful hands, it is not difficult at all to make porcelain from the Tang, Five Dynasties and Song dynasties.
After finishing this piece from the Song Dynasty, Chen Wenzhe thought for a while and decided that he also wanted to imitate a backflow pot from the Yuan Dynasty.
The backflow pots of the Yuan Dynasty are very famous, but there are probably fewer treasures that have been handed down to the present.
Chen Wenzhe knew of a pastel longevity peach-shaped backflow pot and a blue-glazed phoenix pattern backflow pot.
Chen Wenzhe is very comfortable in making pastel and blue glaze. After all, he has made a lot of pastel porcelain before, and he has just made a lot of blue glaze porcelain.
After making these two pots, Chen Wenzhe thought for a while and used the blue and white materials in his hand to make two blue and white phoenix pattern backflow pots and a blue and white longevity peach-shaped backflow pot.
After finishing these pieces, Chen Wenzhe was satisfied with the price comparison.
Of course, the blue and white longevity peach looks a bit strange, but the rest is nothing.
"What kind of backflow kettle was there in the Ming Dynasty?"
The most famous one in the Ming Dynasty is probably the Cizhou kiln black glaze dragon-shaped backflow kettle, right?
This black glaze backflow pot has a height of 19.2 cm, a belly diameter of 12 cm, and a bottom diameter of 7 cm.
The authentic product is basically well preserved, with some slight damage to the spout.
The body of the pot is in the shape of a drum, with the spout connected to the handle and shaped into the image of a dragon - the spout is the head, the handle is the dragon body, and the four dragon claws are close to the body.
What's special is that this is a black glazed porcelain.
Chen Wenzhe has also made black-glazed porcelain before, so making a pot like this is easy.
There were many backflow pots in the Ming Dynasty. In addition to this special one, there were also backflow pots with colorful clouds and dragon patterns.
Chen Wenzhe just did everything he could think of.
After the Ming Dynasty, we arrived at the Qing Dynasty, and there are many backflow pots handed down from the Qing Dynasty.
However, Chen Wenzhe didn't want to do more, so he first made some of Qianlong's.
As mentioned before, Qing Dynasty backflow kettles rarely have the early styles with handles, but instead the handles are replaced by handles.
The shape is usually in the shape of branches and leaves, and the pot is often decorated with patterns such as bats, deer, longevity stars, children, and pine trees.
It can be said that there are still many porcelain shapes during the Qianlong period.