Porcelain with the word "Privy Council" stamped on white porcelain from the Yuan Dynasty is generally considered to be special porcelain fired by Jingzhen for the "Privy Council".
Chen Wenzhe discovered a lot of egg white glazed porcelain this time, including Privy Council porcelain.
Unfortunately, the quantity of any kind of porcelain discovered this time was not large.
Among them, Yuan blue and white are the most numerous, and the number of pieces added up actually exceeds twenty.
Next is egg white glazed porcelain, then blue glazed porcelain and underglaze red porcelain, and finally black glazed and green glazed porcelain.
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Of course, the most valuable among them is blue and white, which is also the most numerous.
This made Chen Wenzhe have a strong interest in domestic Yuan blue and white collections.
Of the four dynasties, the Tang, Song, Yuan and Ming dynasties, the Song and Yuan dynasties are truly a blank period.
The civilization of the Tang Dynasty is mainly in China, and a lot of it has been excavated now.
Not to mention the Ming and Qing dynasties, but the Song and Yuan dynasties. Because of wars, or at that time, several countries crossed each other and attacked each other, so many things disappeared in the long river of history.
In this way, it provides opportunities for archeology for modern people, especially during the Yuan Dynasty.
Yuan blue and white became the main subject of academic research, which can be traced back to the beginning of Dr. Pope's research on a pair of elephant ear vases with cloud and dragon patterns from the Dawei De Foundation in the 11th year of Zhizheng.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, archaeological excavated materials such as cellars and tombs were discovered, which became further material and catalyst for the study of Yuan blue and white.
Regarding the research on Yuan blue and white flowers, every step and every time is closely related to archeology.
Main sources of Yuan blue and white materials: cellars, tombs, ruins and kiln sites.
From a general perspective, the Yuan blue and white porcelain unearthed from the cellar is more abundant and better preserved.
The so-called cellar refers to the same batch of cultural relics being buried together in a place like a cellar for special reasons.
Such pits where cultural relics are unearthed are called cellars.
Cultural relics unearthed in this way are called cellared cultural relics.
From the founding of the People's Republic of China to the present, there are approximately 16 caches of Yuan blue and white flowers unearthed from the Yuan Dynasty, and a total of 84 pieces have been unearthed.
These sixteen cellars are the most recognized and the most authentic Yuan Qinghua.
The first cellar was discovered in Dantu, Sujiang. As early as September 1962, a cellar of porcelain was discovered in Dalu Commune, Dantu County.
A total of 26 pieces of porcelain were unearthed, including 6 Yuan blue and white goblets, 5 painted with plum and moon patterns, and 1 painted with pine and bamboo.
The second one is in Baoding: in June 1964, a Yuan Dynasty cellar was discovered there, and 11 pieces of porcelain were unearthed, and 6 pieces of Yuan blue and white were very exquisite.
Among them, there are two large blue and white underglaze red glazed engraved jars, two blue and white eight-sided plum vases with sea water cloud and dragon pattern lids, one blue and white eight-sided jade pot and spring vase, and one blue and white eight-sided holding ewer.
The third is the Jintan Cellar. In the 1970s, a Yuan Dynasty Cellar was also discovered in Jintan County.
A large jar with blue and white cloud and dragon patterns, with dignified shape and majestic decoration.
The mouth of this large jar is covered with a large laminated silver bowl, and there are more than fifty pieces of various silverware stored in the jar. Even now, the storage capacity is perfect.
In 1970, the Yuan Dadu archaeological team accidentally discovered a Yuan Dynasty cellar while excavating a courtyard in the old Gulou Street in Shendu.
A total of 10 Yuan blue and white pieces were unearthed. What excited the archaeological team the most at that time was a crested flat pot and a tangled pomegranate flower cup holder.
The shape and workmanship of these two items were highly praised by everyone.
Then in April 1972, a Yuan Dynasty cellar was also discovered in Dingxing County, Beihe.
A total of two Yuan blue and white pieces were unearthed, one is a tall bowl with a blue and white phoenix pattern, and the other is a tall bowl with a blue and white plum moon pattern.
The next several discoveries that Chen Wenzhe knew about were all in the northwest region of my country.
For example, in Linxi, Inner Mongolia, it was also in 1972, but in October, that a Yuan Dynasty cellar was also discovered in Linxi.
The quantity discovered in the cellar this time was quite good. A total of 12 pieces of porcelain were unearthed, including 7 Yuan blue and white pieces.
There are flat pots with blue and white lotus patterns, blue and white mandarin duck pattern plates, blue and white dragon pattern plates, blue and white chrysanthemum pattern goblets, blue and white dragon pattern goblets, and blue and white phoenix pattern goblets.
Then it was in Huocheng, Xinjiang, in the spring of 1976.
At that time, a batch of porcelain was found 30 centimeters below the surface in the farmland of a group farm in Hc County.
But this discovery has a bit of a fly in the ointment.
Because most of the porcelain has been damaged and cannot be restored.
Judging from the broken porcelain pieces, there are porcelains from Longquan, Shufu, Jingzhen, Cizhou and Jun kilns.
There is even one piece among them, which is a tall bowl with blue and white double phoenix pattern.
The only other discoveries were in Inner Mongolia and once in Chifeng.
Two years after the discovery of the hoard in Huocheng, a Yuan Dynasty hoard was also discovered in Chifeng County, Inner Mongolia, and 5 blue and white dragon-patterned goblets were unearthed.
The other time was in Baoheshao, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia. These Yuan blue and white flowers were all discovered in the western region, which is also reminiscent of the Yuan Dynasty, a country on horseback.
More than 40 pieces of porcelain have been unearthed here, including a Yuan blue and white goblet with a blue and white plum grass pattern.
After entering the 1980s, several Yuan Dynasty cellars were discovered in China.
However, those discovered during this period were generally found in the south of the country.
For example, the Xijiang Gaoan mentioned before was discovered this time in November 1980.
The number and scale of the cellars discovered this time are the largest ever discovered.
After statistics, a total of 245 artifacts were found.
Porcelain occupies half of the country, with a total of 239 pieces, and 19 pieces of Yuan blue and white were discovered.
Among them, there are 10 high-foot cups, 1 jar with cloud-dragon pattern cover, 2 jars with cloud-dragon pattern lotus leaf lid, 3 plum vases with cloud-dragon pattern, 2 plum vases with entangled peonies and Ruyi cloud shoulder pattern, and 1 flower goblet with Jiaye pattern.
pieces.
Then came the discovery in She County, Hui Province. This discovery should actually be quite surprising.
In 1982, the Shexian Branch of the People's Bank of China discovered a Yuan Dynasty cellar during infrastructure construction.
Among them, 54 pieces of porcelain were unearthed from the cellar, but only one goblet with a blue and white cloud and dragon pattern was discovered.
Next, in May 1985, a cellar was discovered in Jurong County.
During this discovery, three pieces of Yuan blue and white porcelain were unearthed, including a jar with a blue and white cloud and dragon pattern cover and two blue and white plum vases with a blue and white cloud and dragon pattern.
In September 1985, a cellar was discovered in Pingxiang.
Among the 29 pieces of porcelain unearthed, 10 were blue and white porcelain.
They are respectively a Juhuawen double-ear incense burner with a base and a plum pattern incense burner with a base.
Incense burner with running rabbit pattern, flying phoenix pattern goblet, and flower pattern bowl.
In 1987, a porcelain cellar was also discovered in Hangzhou. Among the 54 pieces of porcelain unearthed, only one was Yuan blue and white, which was a penholder basin.
In early 1992, a Yuan Dynasty cellar was discovered in Santai.
Two blue and white elephant-ear vases with folded branches and chrysanthemum patterns were unearthed, and one double-eared furnace with blue and white branches and peony flowers was unearthed;
The last one was also discovered in Inner Mongolia. This discovery is the first discovery of a Yuan blue and white cellar since the 21st century.
In the ancient city ruins on Jining Road in Inner Mongolia, three cellars were discovered, namely j19, j24, and j39.
Forty pieces of porcelain were unearthed in J19, and only one small Yuan blue and white vessel was unearthed.
Two goblets were unearthed in j24 with blue and white cloud and dragon patterns, blue and white goblets with cloud and phoenix patterns, and blue and white goblets with branches and Chinese characters.
In j39, a blue and white pear-shaped pot was unearthed.