Chapter 1959 Contemporary painted pottery with a long history
Painted pottery was discovered relatively late in my country, generally believed to have been discovered in 1911, about a hundred years ago.
The birth of painted pottery has a history of 8,000 years.
Painted pottery records information on economic life, religious culture and other aspects of the initial period of human civilization.
The painted pottery culture is widely distributed and lasts for a long time.
It lasted for more than 3,000 years from 8,000 years ago to about 3,000 years ago.
Spanning Laoguantai, Yangshao, Majiayao, Dawenkou, Qujialing, Daxi, Hongshan, Qijia and other cultures, it has the highest artistic achievement in the history of painted pottery in the world.
From the perspective of production technology, artistic achievements, historical value, appreciation space and many other factors, the Yangshao, Majiayao and Qijia culture colored pottery from Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia and Qinghai and the Dawenkou culture colored pottery from Qilu area are the most suitable for collection.
However, the origin of my country's painted pottery has always been controversial.
The 1 cm diameter painted pottery round bottom fish pattern basin found in Dadiwan is the largest diameter fish pattern basin found in China.
It is completely different from the Yangshao culture in the strata above.
The texture of the pottery shards is brittle and the color is uneven. There are almost no large pieces of pottery shards. Most of the funerary objects in the tombs are broken.
The excavators vividly called these pottery pieces "pastry", which shows that the pottery making technology at that time was relatively primitive.
The shapes of the vessels discovered are very special. Most of them have small three-legged supports at the bottom, either with a round bottom or a circle foot. There are almost no flat-bottomed vessels.
What is even more strange is that dark red colored strips were found both inside and outside the rim of the bowl-shaped vessel.
The above characteristics undoubtedly indicate that they are not the commonly recognized Yangshao culture.
Judging from the stratigraphy, this is a relic that predates the Yangshao culture.
According to the determination by the Archaeological Laboratory of Capital University, the age of each specimen submitted for inspection is approximately 7300-7800 years ago, which is nearly a thousand years earlier than the Yangshao culture.
The discovery of the Dadiwan Culture not only established the early Neolithic culture in the upper reaches of the Yellow River, but also provided a batch of precious physical data for exploring the origins of painted pottery and agriculture.
The Dadiwan painted pottery is almost synchronized with the Mesopotamia and Central Asia where painted pottery first appeared in the world, indicating that Chinese painted pottery originated from the Weihe River Basin in northwest my country.
This can be regarded as the origin of ancient painted pottery, and in contemporary times, the art of painted pottery is also developing rapidly.
If you want to imitate antiques, you must understand the production process of modern painted pottery.
If you talk about contemporary painted pottery, then you must know Sichuan painted pottery.
In the development of contemporary painted pottery art, Sichuan painted pottery undoubtedly played a vital role.
The rise of the Sichuan painted pottery industry was marked by the establishment of Luyi Painted Pottery in 1998.
In just a few decades, the number of painted pottery manufacturers in Sichuan has exceeded 20, and their products are sold at home and abroad.
In important handicraft markets across the country, consumers can easily purchase painted pottery handicrafts that combine classic and modern beauty.
As the originator of this industry, Lu Yi painted pottery has gradually disappeared in the changes of history. The glory she once created is naturally unsurpassed.
The company's work "Ten Military God Bottles" is collected by the my country Military Museum.
"1999" was also used as a national gift and was presented to the Macao government when celebrating Macao's return.
Instead, manufacturers such as Juyi Painted Pottery have further innovated their craftsmanship.
The contemporary art production process of painted pottery involves a total of more than fifty processes.
It combines the long-established blank drawing technology, ceramic blank carving technology, and contemporary color technology.
Of course, the development time of contemporary painted pottery art is still short, and the cultural accumulation is still not comparable to the long-established classical painted pottery.
But the formation of a pottery culture takes time and requires more integration of the technology and culture of the times.
An industry without culture will inevitably not be able to withstand the test of time.
During the thousands of years of early pottery development, the pottery making process was not yet mature, and the technical conditions for the production of painted pottery were not available.
Therefore, painted pottery did not appear until thousands of years after pottery was produced.
From the emergence of pottery to the production of painted pottery, this is a long-term process of exploration, repeated trials, and continuous improvement.
At the beginning of pottery production, there were no deliberately decorative patterns, but during the processing, some irregular marks were often left behind by hand squeezing, scraping of pieces, and tapping on the walls of the pottery.
As people's aesthetic awareness increases, they gradually transform such irregular marks into intentional and regular patterns.
Such as rows of thorn patterns, a circle of hand pit patterns, etc.
The cord patterns that appeared in large numbers on early pottery were decorations formed by wrapping ropes around wooden sticks and rolling the walls of the pots.
This can not only enhance the solidity of the pottery body, but also have a decorative effect of beautifying the appearance of the pottery, killing two birds with one stone.
Later, there were more and more types of patterns that only played a decorative role, and gradually evolved into simple decorative patterns.
Therefore, people pay more and more attention to the decoration of pottery.
As the technological conditions became available, painted pottery came into being.
Painted pottery is a process in which various natural mineral pigments are painted onto pottery to form various colorful patterns, making pottery no longer just a practical product, but also possessing the aesthetic function of a work of art.
Most of them are painted on pottery first and then fired in a kiln. The pigments undergo chemical changes and then blend into the pottery.
Such colored pottery is not easy to fall off, is durable and beautiful.
There is also a type of pottery called painted pottery, which involves painting paint directly onto the pottery after it is fired.
This type of painting is attached to the surface of the object and is easily damaged and peeled off during use.
The two types of painted pottery in the Dadiwan culture mentioned before appeared at the same time, with the former being the predominant type.
In fact, the production process of any kind of thing requires certain technical conditions.
There are three technical conditions for the production of painted pottery. The primary technical condition for the production of painted pottery is the understanding of natural mineral pigments.
As a colored pottery pigment, it must not decompose when fired in a kiln at high temperatures.
For example, hematite with high content has high temperature resistance.
Moreover, we must also master the color rules of minerals and what kind of pigments will turn red or black after firing, so that we can use them freely to produce the ideal color.
Pigments can only be used after processing and dilution. The thickness of the powder and the concentration of dilution with water all have a process of continuous familiarity and mastery of performance;
The surface of the ceramic body must reach a certain degree of smoothness before the pigment can penetrate into the ceramic body.
This requires careful screening and washing of the clay, and repeated polishing of the surface after drawing and shaping.
Most of the painted pottery found in archaeological discoveries is clay pottery. Even the sand-filled pottery, such as that of the Xindian culture, is relatively delicate.
The main body of the Dadiwan Culture pottery is made of fine sand pottery, but the surface of the pottery is covered with a smooth mud layer;
Finally, the higher the temperature at which pottery is fired, the stronger the adhesion of the pigments and the firmer the decoration.
When the firing of painted pottery developed to a certain stage, humans gradually changed the structure of the pottery kiln and increased the sealing strength of the kiln chamber to ensure that the firing process guaranteed the production of painted pottery.