When the camp system was mentioned, everyone's first reaction was to think of the "camp field system" that had been implemented in the Han Dynasty for more than 20 years, and many generals frowned subconsciously.
What is Yingtian? To put it simply, it is a low-cost production organization model organized by the government. Needless to say, its benefits include resettling refugees and restoring production. During the Unification War, military and civilian villages in various places provided the court with
Massive amounts of food and combat supplies.
This was an income that the imperial court had been unable to part with for more than 20 years. Although it kept pace with the development of the times and continued to reduce the burden on the camp households, it was not until ten years after the opening of the treasure that the camp system was truly, comprehensively and thoroughly implemented.
abolition.
Although the civilian villages were cancelled, the military villages still continued. Farming and animal husbandry were carried out in the camp mode on all sides of the Han Dynasty. However, they were renamed as a type of border guarding and training mission.
Coupled with the greatly reduced labor intensity and regular rotation, there were no complaints or even frequent riots like there were between the end of Qianyou and the beginning of the beginning.
Therefore, border military garrison is still an important supplement to the military supply of soldiers on all frontiers. Close to the imperial court's food and salary allocation and the meager output of border counties, the cost is still too high.
In the final analysis, the camp system is just a special background and an emergency measure under a specific environment. It will inevitably breed conflicts and problems in the long run. However, in the early stages of implementation, it has miraculous effects in resettling refugees and restoring production, and it is often used in destructive projects.
When standing back.
Given the current predicament Anxi is facing, it is understandable that Liu Min would think of solving it through camps. After all, if you want to maintain the daily supply for the army and people in Anxi, you must dig yourself into it, carry out large-scale production, and develop large-scale development when it is difficult to rely on external support.
Activities are also an inevitable choice. As long as the output of agriculture and animal husbandry increases, the problem will still be solved.
Logically speaking, Anxi is more suitable for farming due to its post-war depletion and urgent need for recuperation. However, it is also undeniable that the situation in Anxi cannot be treated according to common sense.
In fact, Anxi currently has basically no military and civilian basis for implementing the camp system. Take the army as an example. The composition of the Anxi army is mainly composed of the northwest frontier army, regiment training and recruited Hu tribesmen. Among them, except for the Hu people,
In addition to working hard for money, the rest of them responded to the court's call, forged swords into plowshares, and opened up the Western Regions.
On the one hand, they came to Anxi to gain fame and wealth; on the other hand, they were simply forced by military orders and did not dare to disobey them. But no matter what the reason was, coming to Anxi to farm and graze was definitely not an option for them, because
Most of them are property owners in China and basically have their own land and houses. If they want to farm, why would they choose to stay in Anxi?
In the early years, Liu Min also tried it. It was after the Battle of Qiuci and the Han army swept south of the Tianshan Mountains. Considering the difficulty of the imperial court's material transfer and military supply, Liu Min tried to let the army protect him on the spot.
The farming in the Toshgan River Basin caused a lot of complaints among the army at that time. As the war against the Black Khanate continued, it was finally stopped.
It is conceivable that if the governor's office brings up farming again, the attitude of Anxi soldiers will probably still resist, even more fiercely than before. The matter of confederation has been decided, and Anxi will be enfeoffed. It will be a matter of time, and the court
The news of the cessation of the Western Expedition has spread. It is obviously unknown how many of the 30,000 Anxi soldiers are willing to stay with the governor to farm and herd here.
From the perspective of the people, regardless of whether Hu Han is willing to move from the country to Anxi, the goal is frankly for profit, more benefits than at home. If the camp system is followed, most of the output from labor will be
The reason why they need to be handed over to the government is that not many people are willing to stay in Anxi and work for the governor's office.
If they were destined to be exploited, at least they still had their hometown and clans in the country. Why did they have to come all the way to Anxi and have enough to eat? It took a lot of effort to recruit these citizens, so how could the Governor's Office force them away.
And if we maintain the current loose and benign tax level, we only need to maintain the status quo. There is no need to engage in concentrated farming. It will only disrupt the government-private-land tax relationship that has already been initially formed in the Suiye and Guocheng areas.
Therefore, the people who can really implement the camp system are the black Khans, the soldiers of Samman, and the survivors. As second-class people, they are destined to be squeezed. However, a plan to purge these people was made. In this way
Under the circumstances, how to set up a camp and how to organize it?
Of course, the Anxi generals in the palace would not think about the deeper things behind it, but subconsciously chose to reject it. Zhu Ju, the commander of Yangcheng who came to Suiye to report on his duties, said directly: "The camp system? Your Majesty, the soldiers are here
Anxi is for meritorious service and great ambitions. You won't let me wait and go farming again!"
Zhu Ju's words were a question on behalf of everyone present. They had the same doubts in their minds. In their view, Liu Min's so-called "camp system" was probably just a name change for fear of opposition from the soldiers. In essence, it was still the same.
Yingtian, or are they farming in Anxi?
Probably sensing the generals' worries, Liu Min stretched out his hand to appease the concerned gazes of the generals, smiled slightly, and said: "Don't be nervous, I won't make a decision that goes against the wishes of the soldiers! Don't worry, I will
The camp mentioned is not the camp field!"
With that said, Liu Min explained the contents of the camp that he had discussed with his staff.
In order to ensure the safe supply of food for the armies in Anxi, it is necessary to develop productivity and increase grain and livestock production. Therefore, there is no doubt that farming and animal husbandry is necessary.
The integration of soldiers and farmers is the foundation. Soldiers in wartime and farmers in peacetime are the basic characteristics of the camp. The camp proposed by Liu Min will naturally have some changes on this basis, such as the distribution of production means and production results.
distribute.
According to Liu Min's plan, the armies in Anxi will be organized into camps, or even camps, as the core of the production organization. Each camp will be assigned a considerable number of farmers and herdsmen. Of course, these farmers and herdsmen are mainly local indigenous people (also called "camps").
They can be called serfs), and the citizens who immigrated from the Han Dynasty basically existed as free people.
At the same time, each camp will be enclosed with land, and the Dudu Palace will distribute certain livestock and tools to complete the primary distribution of production materials, and then large-scale production can be carried out. In terms of the distribution of agricultural and animal husbandry output, the Dudu Palace tentatively charges 30%.
The remainder is owned by each camp and freely distributed internally.
So far, there is not much difference compared to the exploitative camp system in China. The main change is that the targets of exploitation are replaced by local indigenous people, and the profits will be shared between the governor's office and the camp.
Although this kind of camp system has a certain appeal, it is not enough. The real core of Liu Min's "camp system" needs to be added with the word "suo".
Office, that is, public office, is a grassroots management institution that has emerged in the evolution of the city system in the Han Dynasty in the past few years. In a city, one office is usually set up in every five or six city districts.
Therefore, calling it a "camp" also means that in addition to military and agricultural and animal husbandry production organizations, each camp also has administrative functions. Liu Min plans to integrate government affairs, public security, taxation, law, education, fire prevention, etc.
A series of functions and powers possessed by local governments are vested in the camp.
It can be said that this is a system similar to re-enfeoffment. Each camp is a basic social unit, with the core being the camp soldiers. As the commander of the camp, he has all the powers under his jurisdiction, including the power of life and death. This
It is prepared for those officers who are willing to stay and work hard in Anxi.
The camp set up by Liu Min basically only has to pay taxes, guard and collect taxes to the governor's office. If it succeeds, a large number of "local emperors" will be born under Anxi's rule, the kind protected by law.
Those under the direct management of the Anxi Governor's Office will be the cities, towns, towns, and free people. The establishment of various camps will also be organized around major cities and become "satellites" to protect the cities.
After Liu Min explained the concept of "camp" he conceived, the Qinzheng Palace fell into silence again. Many people, including King Zhao Liu Fang, had solemn expressions, and some looked at each other in confusion.