Chapter Eleven Coal Consumption per Ton of Ammonia
Seeing Gao Yiping leave, Ran Yuying closed the door, sat opposite Gao Fan who was snoring and eating noodles, and said:
"Xiaofan, don't pay attention to your dad. He is under a lot of pressure at work these days and is in a bad mood. Don't be affected by him."
"It's okay." Gao Fan raised his head, gave Ran Yuying a smile, and said, "Isn't my dad just like this? I'm used to it."
"That is, why do you come home to vent your anger on work matters? You are still the factory director." Ran Yuying agreed.
Gao Fan asked: "You just said that my dad is under a lot of pressure these days. Is it because something happened in the factory?"
"It's not the notice from the Ministry of Chemical Industry that the coal consumption per coal will be reduced to 2,500 kilograms or something. Our factory is now more than 3,000. The province has said that if it cannot be reduced, the factory will stop production. Now the factory leaders are busy with this matter
Here." Ran Yuying said, with a trace of sadness on her face.
Gao Fan was silent for a while, vaguely remembering that his predecessor had heard his parents talk about this matter at home. However, Gao Fan didn't understand these things at that time, and his family didn't expect him to understand these things. They just asked him to focus on preparing for the college entrance examination, so
Gao Fan didn't pay attention to this matter.
But this Gao Fan was different now. Ran Yuying explained a concept with a vague understanding, and he understood what was going on and why his father felt so stressed.
We have to start from the beginning:
Every crop depends on fertilizer. It is a well-known fact that the development of modern agriculture cannot be separated from the support of chemical fertilizers.
In the 1970s and 1980s, China's nitrogen fertilizer industry included three parts: large nitrogen fertilizer, medium nitrogen fertilizer and small nitrogen fertilizer.
The so-called large-scale nitrogen fertilizer refers to the 13 sets of equipment that China introduced from the West in the mid-1970s, taking advantage of the opportunity to ease relations with the West, with an annual output of 300,000 tons of synthetic ammonia and 520,000 tons of urea. These 13 sets of equipment were put into operation between 1977 and 1979.
It has greatly alleviated the domestic fertilizer supply and demand gap and saved a large amount of expenditure on imported urea.
The so-called medium-sized nitrogen fertilizer refers to ammonia synthesis equipment with an annual output between 10,000 tons and 100,000 tons, of which there are mainly two specifications: 25,000 tons and 50,000 tons. China designed and built its first medium-sized nitrogen fertilizer as early as 1956.
Nitrogen fertilizer plants. By 1978, the number of medium-sized nitrogen fertilizer plants had reached 50, producing 3.19 million tons of synthetic ammonia that year.
The last item is a small nitrogen fertilizer plant with unique Chinese characteristics. The annual production capacity of these nitrogen fertilizer plants ranges from 2,000 tons to 5,000 tons of synthetic ammonia, among which the annual output of 3,000 tons of synthetic ammonia is the most common. The advantage of small nitrogen fertilizers is that they require less investment.
, the technical threshold is low and suitable for construction everywhere. When all parts of the country are facing a shortage of chemical fertilizers, vigorously building small nitrogen fertilizers can have the effect of providing timely assistance.
According to statistics, in the 10 years from 1969 to 1978, a total of 1,225 small nitrogen fertilizer plants were built across the country. By 1979, there were 1,533 small nitrogen fertilizer plants in the country, with a small synthetic ammonia output of 6.58 million tons, accounting for 55.6% of the country's total synthetic ammonia output.
It is said to support half of China’s nitrogen fertilizer industry.
However, behind the glory of small nitrogen fertilizers, there are also huge problems. Due to the small scale of facilities and backward technology, the energy consumption level of small nitrogen fertilizer plants is extremely high. The average energy consumption per ton of synthetic ammonia produced is equivalent to 2 to 2 times that of large nitrogen fertilizer plants.
3 times.
Most of China's small nitrogen fertilizer plants use the same production process, which uses coal to generate air gas and water gas in a gasifier. After mixing, a semi-water gas containing carbon monoxide, hydrogen and nitrogen is obtained, which is used as the raw material gas for ammonia synthesis.
The gas is purified and synthesized into ammonia in the synthesis tower. The ammonia reacts with carbon dioxide to generate ammonium bicarbonate.
For a long time, the main chemical fertilizer used in rural China was ammonium bicarbonate. Wherever you can get urea, it is a great thing.
Since the main production raw material of small nitrogen fertilizer plants is coal, when assessing its energy consumption, the most critical indicator is called "coal consumption per ton of ammonia", which is the raw material coal and fuel coal consumed for each ton of synthetic ammonia produced. In addition,
The power consumption index is also calculated in tons of ammonia.
In order to compare with large-scale nitrogen fertilizers that do not use coal, sometimes the coal consumption and electricity consumption are uniformly converted into calorific value, which is called the energy consumption per ton of ammonia process.
In the 21st century before Gao Fan's time travel, some small nitrogen fertilizer companies in China had been able to achieve the so-called "Three Thousands", that is, the consumption of coal and ammonia per ton was less than 1,000 kilograms, the electricity consumption was less than 1,000 kilowatt hours, and the process energy consumption was less than 1,000
Millions of kilocalories. But in 1979, the average level of small nitrogen fertilizer plants across the country was 2,740 kilograms of coal per ton of ammonia, 1,596 kilowatt hours of electricity, and 24.46 million kilocalories of process energy, which was more than double the level of later generations.
Due to abnormally high energy consumption, the production costs of small nitrogen fertilizer plants remain high and they suffer serious losses. At the same time, it also puts great pressure on the country's energy supply.
In 1980, the state began to implement the economic policy of "sharing profits and losses, retaining profits, not making up for excess, reducing losses and retaining them" in small nitrogen fertilizer plants to encourage enterprises to save energy and reduce consumption. In 1981, it was further proposed that if the coal consumption per ton of ammonia exceeds 2,500 kilograms,
Businesses that consume more than 1,500 kilowatt-hours of electricity will be shut down.
Canghai Fertilizer Factory is a small nitrogen fertilizer factory built in the 1960s. The earliest designed production capacity was to produce 3,000 tons of synthetic ammonia and 12,000 tons of ammonium bicarbonate per year. Later, after several technological transformations, the production capacity was expanded to 5,000 tons of synthetic ammonia and 12,000 tons of bicarbonate per year.
Ammonium 20,000 tons.
Production capacity has been expanded, but the technical level has not improved. According to Ran Yuying, the factory's current consumption of ammonia and coal per ton is more than 3,000 kilograms, far exceeding the standard of less than 2,500 kilograms set by the Ministry of Chemical Industry.
The Provincial Department of Chemical Industry issued an ultimatum to the Canghai Fertilizer Plant. If the Canghai Fertilizer Plant cannot take effective measures to reduce energy consumption to the standards of the Ministry of Chemical Industry, then the Department of Chemical Industry will issue a red card and order the Canghai Fertilizer Plant to cease production.
Thousands of cadres and workers in the factory will face the fate of being diverted.
This was still the era of the planned economy. If a state-owned enterprise ceased production, the state would be responsible for the placement of all cadres and workers. The general approach was to transfer them to other enterprises instead of directly laying them off as they did later. However, the company closed down.
, it is always not a pleasant thing to be diverted to other companies.
Although the Canghai Fertilizer Factory has been losing money for many years, the factory’s welfare is not bad because of the government’s support. It is considered a well-paid company in Cangtang County. If the company is diverted, the employees may have to go to some companies with poor welfare, and as outsiders
Even if you don't want to get a good job or position, this is equivalent to changing from a first-class citizen to a fourth-class citizen. Who can accept it?
The same is true for factory leaders. If the company you lead ceases production, the county will assign you to another company. Although your administrative level can still be retained, can they allow you to be a leader again? Isn’t it better to give you a job?
Are you going to be put on the bench and left to eat and wait to die?
It can be said that the standard of 2,500 kilograms of coal consumption for two coals is now a sword of Damocles hanging over the heads of all the cadres and workers of Canghai Fertilizer Plant. Moreover, the Department of Chemical Industry has already extended its scissors and may cut off the system at any time.
The rope holding the sword was cut, letting the sword fly down.
"Dad just said that he would go to the workshop to discuss with Xiao Zhou and the others. Did he mean Aunt Xiaoyun?"
Gao Fan pulled out a name from his predecessor's memory and asked Ran Yuying for confirmation.
Ran Yuying nodded and said: "Isn't it Zhou Xiaoyun? Whether our factory can survive now depends on her. I heard that she is checking information day and night. I saw her this morning and she was very thin.
It’s a circle.”
"That's it..." Gao Fan responded.
"Oh, don't worry about this. It's your dad's business. Your task now is to study hard and try to get into a good university. If the factory closes down in the future, your dad and I will still count on you to support us.
"
Ran Yuying said and touched Gao Fan's head, filled with the expectations of an old mother.