As for whether monkeys will suffer from lumbar disc herniation, this is indeed a valuable question.
Many doctors have theorized that lumbar disc herniation is a sacrifice made by humans as they evolved from crawling on all fours to walking upright.
As an organ, the intervertebral disc has not had time to adapt to the upright human body, so the intervertebral discs in the lumbar vertebrae where stress is concentrated, especially the lumbar 3/4, lumbar 4/5, lumbar 5/sacral 1 intervertebral discs, are overwhelmed, and they are premature.
Decline.
The spines of monkeys and humans are similar, but there are differences. Monkeys crawl on all fours, while humans walk upright. The intervertebral discs of monkeys do not need to bear the upright load of humans. In theory, the degeneration will be much lighter than that of humans.
If it is found anatomically that the lumbar intervertebral discs in monkeys rarely experience human degeneration and herniation during their lifetime, then this inference can be supported by experimental data.
Xiao Wu and Zhang Lin decided to carry forward Newton's apple spirit, and the topic gradually took shape during the discussion---compare the differences between monkeys and human intervertebral discs, and find out the impact of human evolutionary factors on lumbar disc herniation.
This requires observing monkeys of different age groups. A certain number of monkeys must be selected for different age groups, and then using age as a clue to create an MRI spectrum of the monkeys' intervertebral discs from childhood to old age.
In the same way, the MRI image spectra of the intervertebral discs of humans of different ages were made, the two image spectra were compared, and a series of statistical comparisons were made.
"If you really research this issue thoroughly, explain it clearly from the principles, and make it clear from the levels of biochemistry, anatomy, physiology, genetics, etc., it will be Nobel Prize level. Why does eating chili pepper cause chrysanthemum pain? This
A simple question gave birth to two Nobel Prize winners in medicine, who discovered channels such as TRPV1 (the reason why peppers are spicy and painful), TRPM8 (the reason why peppermint is cool) and PIEZO1 (the reason why hugs feel pressure)." Xu Zhiliang didn't know.
Is it encouragement or cold water?
Anyway, Zhang Lin felt that everything he said was ridiculing himself. If you could win a Nobel Prize for studying why eating chili peppers and chrysanthemums hurt, then you could also win a Nobel Prize for analyzing the formation mechanism of farts. Of course, he didn't dare to talk back.
"Old Xu is really praising you. Why does your chrysanthemum hurt when you eat chili peppers? Really, this question gave birth to two Nobel Prizes." Song Zimo took his time.
Yang Ping expressed his support for the two brothers' idea of making fun of each other. He was not afraid of them being funny, but afraid that they were ignorant and unwilling to make progress.
Whether they're studying peppers and chrysanthemums, or monkeys and intervertebral discs, it's always a good thing to be curious.
Yang Ping hopes that the status of colleagues in the department will be relaxed, optimistic, positive, and free, rather than depressed and dull.
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The schedule is very tight. With Xu Zhiliang, Corey also has a lot of manpower. At least he can do shifts. In the past, if he led a team to fly knives, there would definitely be insufficient manpower left behind.
At that time, I went to Malaysia's Gleneagles Hospital for a cross-border surgery. Yang Ping's team came out in full force. In desperation, Director Han took a group of trainees on duty personally.
This embarrassing situation will never happen again now. Yang Ping can rest assured that Xu Zhiliang and Song Zimo, whoever stays behind in the department, can rest assured.
So, no matter where I go now, I just leave at the drop of a hat.
The high-speed rail that extends in all directions makes China's transportation very convenient. It departs at around 8 o'clock on Friday evening and arrives in Guilin at 11 o'clock.
Rest one night in the Guilin laboratory, and start the operation on time at eight o'clock the next day.
Maybe Director He still remembers Yang Ping's first visit to Guilin and he was full of praise for pig offal. The main course of dinner this time is still pig offal, and the porridge in the morning is also raw pig offal porridge.
Under the guidance of the new concept of balanced diet, Fatty Liang kept hiccupping, but his gout did not recur.
Director He led everyone to get busy and fully support Yang Ping's scientific research. They tied up all forty monkeys at night and mixed the food with sedative and sleeping drugs to keep the monkeys in a coma.
No food is allowed eight hours before surgery and no water is allowed four hours before surgery.
The doctors at Concorde are very dedicated. All the body hair on the backs of the forty monkeys was shaved and the skin was cleaned in advance. When shaving, they strictly followed the latest perioperative guidelines and used a combination of scissors and electric razors to reduce skin damage. Every minor skin injury is a colonization point for bacteria, increasing the probability of postoperative infection. The latest perioperative guidelines prohibit the use of manual razors for preoperative skin preparation, and specify the use of scissors or electric razors.
hair to reduce the possibility of skin damage.
At eight o'clock the next day, the first monkey was fixed on the special operating bed on time.
In the supine position, Fatty Liang performed intubation under general anesthesia. The tracheal intubation of monkeys is actually not much different from that of humans, just like tracheal intubation of babies.
The dosage of anesthetic is calculated per kilogram of body weight, and the weight of each monkey has been recorded in detail in the medical record.
Each of these monkeys has a number, and each one has a medical record that belongs to them, recording their various data in detail, including preoperative examination results, the type and degree of scoliosis.
After the anesthesia was completed, the monkey's position changed to a prone position, still fixed by a special fixation frame.
In the operating room, many people gathered one after another. These doctors who were rotating in the laboratory were all medical students.
The youngest winner of the Golden Knife Award, a person who is so valued by Professor Liang, can this fantastic spinal external fixator be successful?
Song Zimo took Xiaowu to disinfect the drape. Since it is an animal experiment, it must simulate the most realistic human surgery as much as possible.
Even the pre-operative verification is carefully carried out to prevent the monkey from appearing in the medical record, causing the data to be untrue.
Yang Ping was the surgeon, Song Zimo was the first assistant, and Xiao Wu was the second assistant. They percutaneously implanted pedicle screws in the lower back and then installed an external fixator.
The surgery is completed using more than a dozen symmetrically distributed small incisions without destroying any stable structure of the spine. Each of these small incisions is about two to three millimeters.
It is almost an assembly line operation. One operation only takes ten minutes. The two operating rooms alternate in turns. One side performs the operation, and the other side begins to anesthetize the monkey. When the operation is completed here, the position is immediately moved to the other operating room for the operation, and so on.
, very efficient.
After these monkeys recovered from anesthesia, they were sent to the enclosed garden in the back mountain for observation. In order to rotate the spiral regularly, they were all tied up with long ropes and allowed to move within the constraints of the ropes.
The doctor responsible for the perioperative management of the experimental monkeys has rich experience. He has participated in many animal experiments. He taught himself veterinary knowledge, learned to read the monkey's laboratory test sheets, made the monkey's electrocardiogram, and analyzed the monkey's imaging pictures.
The medical data of monkeys are different from that of humans. They have their own set of data.
The doctor joked that after he graduates, he will open a pet hospital and he will definitely be the best veterinarian.
Because he has participated in heart transplants, liver transplants, lung transplants and kidney transplants in monkeys, he has cut open the brains of dogs, removed tumors from them, and treated large-scale burns in cats. As for some minor illnesses, he can be cured by medicine. p>
This doctor did not just talk casually. He analyzed the matter with a scientific attitude and finally concluded that it is completely feasible to change his profession to become a veterinarian, and the future is bright.
The baby-faced doctor was obviously very familiar with Yang Ping. He said with great admiration: "Dr. Yang, since the beginning of the Golden Knife Award, you are the only one who has won the championship as an attending physician. I have seen your surgeries many times."
, it’s simply amazing, why can you do the surgery so skillfully, and some new surgeries are also very skillful, and you can’t tell that they are new surgeries at all.”
It was impossible for Yang Ping to tell him that he had a plug-in. In the plug-in space, there were thousands of surgeries that could be performed. If he failed, he could do it again without any worries.
"The more you do surgery, the more skilled you will become."
As the old saying goes: Only those who are familiar with it!
This is the reason.
Even the spinal external fixator that is undergoing animal experiments has gone through countless experiments in the system space and has been quite successful.
The operation was too simple. The originally planned two-day operation was successfully completed in one day.
On the monkey mountain in the laboratory, there are forty monkeys tied with long ropes and with spinal external fixators on their backs. They are very novel. Each of them looks at the metal frame on the back of others, and some even stretch out their paws to touch it.<
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If the deformed spines of these monkeys can be slowly corrected with the help of external fixators, this will be a major innovation, which means that scoliosis in minors may be corrected without surgery.
By continuing to upgrade this technology, adult orthopedics can also be completed minimally invasively with external fixators, ultimately obtaining a spine with normal morphology and function. Traditional surgical correction sacrifices a lot of spinal mobility.
Of course, there are also people who question this. Even Professor Liang, who is far away in the imperial capital, also has doubts about how to control the force and direction of orthopedics, how to maintain the durability of force, and whether traction tissue can be induced under this kind of tension-stress.
Regeneration, whether the percutaneously inserted pedicle screws will loosen and fail, whether the nail holes will become infected, a series of issues remain unresolved.
Johnson & Johnson's Swiss Research Institute does not believe that external fixators can be used in spinal orthopedics. They believe that the complexity of the technology is difficult to achieve. Therefore, their partner in external spinal orthopedic devices chose Dr. Mitsui from Japan.<
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Yang Ping himself is confident, but this is just repeating his own successful experiment.
Song Zimo was also convinced that from the first day they met Dr. Yang, all the things he had boasted about had come true.
After a busy day, I can only take a breath in the evening. It is impossible to go back at night, so there is no need to be so nervous.
Rest in the laboratory at night and return to Sanbo Hospital early the next morning.
I didn’t have time to appreciate the landscape of Guilin. I came here twice, both times directly from the high-speed rail station to the laboratory, and I didn’t get a clear picture of what Guilin is like.
"The Asia-Pacific Orthopedic Forum held in Japan this time will definitely be very intense. Professor Liang, Professor Qin, Professor Su, Professor Meng, Professor Fu, and all the big guys will be there. It is said that Masao Fujiwara is determined to win this time." On the way back in the car.
,Song Zimo talked about this topic.
Xiaowu reported: "Takahashi will be responsible for receiving us when we arrive. He and his students will accompany us throughout the process."
"And---" Xiao Wu hesitated.
"What else?" Song Zimo saw him hesitating.
"Takahashi said that Miyuki Fujiwara insisted on participating in the reception." Xiaowu knew that Miyuki was deeply devoted to Yang Ping, so he was embarrassed to say it.
Yang Ping didn't have time to think about these things. He was thinking that Fujiwara Masao would not be able to gain the upper hand in this forum.
This forum is regarded as a prelude and benchmark for the next Asia-Pacific Orthopedics Conference. Whoever has the upper hand between China and Japan will directly determine who gets more support.
In international academic organizations, the right to speak is very important.
Without the right to speak, you can only follow others and follow the standards set by others.
This is why Professor Su, Professor Liang and others gathered their strength to compete for the chairmanship of the conference.
