With the first shot, Li Zheng felt that the recoil was slightly stronger than before, but he was overjoyed.
You must know that there are many factors that affect recoil, such as the charge, the gun's buffer design, and even the gun's gas conduction mode, etc.
If a gun's recoil suddenly increases without any structural changes, it can only be said that the charge is stronger.
It’s just that the space inside the bullet that can be filled with charge is limited. That is to say, unless there is a change in the design of the warhead that causes a change in the charge space, it is impossible to pack more charge.
Another point is the composition of the propellant. This is also a high-end job that requires very high technology and cannot be handled by ordinary people.
The increased recoil means that the power of the bullet is increased, but not all of it has advantages. If the control is not good, it will also affect the shooting accuracy. For example, Li Zheng felt that the recoil was slightly increased compared to the previous ammunition when he shot the first shot.
It depends on the individual shooter to adapt, otherwise the gun can only be modified. Modifying the gun is not a trivial matter. It will be a huge project to improve the gun distributed on a large scale, and the military industry department will scold you.
This is where the key point of conflict lies, and where trade-offs need to be made.
However, ordinary snipers may be very sensitive to recoil, but as a group of top snipers in the military, they will know the difference between the gun and the bullet after one shot, and then they will make corresponding adjustments.
Standing behind the snipers, Lao Peng looked at the targets on his laptop and turned back to instructor No. 5 and Zhuang Yan with some disappointment: "This first shot is not that good compared to their usual accuracy."
.”
The implication is that it is not as good as the results they recorded before.
At the same time, it is also a question about the new ammunition.
"Listening to the gunshots, the charges seem to be more intense."
He asked Zhuang Yan: "Have you moved the warhead?"
He solemnly nodded and said: "Well, this is a ship-shaped warhead that is closer to a jujube-type warhead. I have made some design improvements and made some compromises on the arc of the tail. This is conducive to ballistic stability without causing any problems.
If you overdo it, the effect depends on how they are actually used. I have tried it myself and it feels good and has improved, but the requirements for shooters are higher. The ammunition is not made by me, it is Lao Hu’s secret recipe."
Lao Peng's heart moved. He picked up a bullet and looked at it again and again. The more he looked at it, the more he felt that there was something in it.
The so-called boat-shaped warhead is currently the most mainstream warhead shape in the world. Many famous guns and high-precision snipers use the boat-shaped warhead design.
The tail of this kind of bullet is streamlined in order to reduce the influence of tail vortices. As mentioned before, vortices will also be generated when ships sail in the water, so the sterns are made into a streamlined shape with a certain taper. Boat-tail bullets are
This principle, with a certain taper, allows the tail of the bullet to reduce the occurrence of violent air backflow when air flows through it at high speed. This does not mean that a tail vacuum zone will not be formed. Bullets of any shape will form an air backflow vacuum zone, just because of the tail.
The tapered buffer in the tail of the missile makes the air backflow less violent, and the vacuum zone formed is less severe, so the eddy current resistance generated will be relatively smaller.
The ship-shaped warhead has stable ballistic trajectory, high storage velocity, and higher accuracy than traditional warheads. This is its advantage.
The date-core warhead is a so-called symmetrical warhead. As the name suggests, it is like a date core, with sharp ends and a thick middle.
Because the resistance of the bullet moving in the air is composed of friction resistance and pressure difference resistance.
Pressure resistance is caused by the pressure difference in the air at the tail of the bullet head. The reason why the pressure difference exists is because the boundary layer of the bullet's tail is separated, resulting in many vortices. These vortices reduce the air pressure, thus causing
Differential pressure resistance.
The larger the space occupied by the tail vortex, the greater the pressure difference resistance. If the bullet is completely made into a jujube core shape with symmetrical ends, then this part of the resistance can indeed be greatly reduced.
Theoretically, the closer to a streamlined shape, the less separation of the boundary layer and the smaller the pressure differential resistance.
But this will cause a problem, that is, if the warhead is made into a jujube stone or water drop shape while the caliber remains unchanged, the length of the warhead will be equivalent to an increase, so the volume of the bullet will not be equivalent to an increase.
Increasing the weight of the projectile will cause the muzzle velocity to decrease and the ballistic performance to deteriorate. This is not worth the gain.
If the bullet weight is to remain the same, the caliber must be reduced and the entire firearm must be redesigned.
Moreover, more costs must be paid for shape processing.
So in reality we have to make compromises.
Therefore, this is only a better warhead in theory, but it is difficult to achieve in reality.
An optimization method currently used by most military industrial units is to narrow the tail of the bullet and make the bullet into a boat shape. Some will also set grooves at the bottom. The purpose of this is to allow air with higher pressure to be replenished in time.
The bottom of the bullet reduces the pressure difference between the head and tail.
The shape of the bullet often narrows at the tail, in order to delay the separation of the boundary layer as much as possible. Some bottoms are also designed to be concave to reduce pressure differential resistance.
However, the jujube-type warhead design is real. It is just that the two ends are not completely symmetrical and the head is pointed. For example, the Viking warhead specially used for sniper rifles by the American company cheytac is made of copper-nickel alloy and has the characteristics of
A very high accuracy.
The performance of this kind of warhead is extremely excellent. For example, the .375 Viking warhead weighs 408GR. The bullet has an initial kinetic energy of Joules and has a speed of 663 meters/second at 2000 meters. The supersonic range reaches 4.2 kilometers.
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The 408 Viking warhead weighs 510GR. The kinetic energy of the bullet is Joules. It has a speed of 773 meters/second at 2000 meters. The supersonic range reaches 5.5 kilometers.
The reason why its aerodynamic performance is so excellent, far exceeding that of ordinary warheads, is due to its almost date-core warhead design.
However, it is difficult for anything to be absolutely perfect. This kind of warhead also has its shortcomings, that is, the cost is extremely high and the production process requirements are extremely high.
The reason is that it is close to the jujube-shaped warhead tail. Such a warhead is conducive to obtaining very excellent aerodynamic performance, but is very sensitive to muzzle nutation.
Because when the bullet just flies away from the muzzle, the gunpowder gas ejected from the muzzle blows on the tail of the bullet. If the shape of the tail of the bullet is slightly asymmetrical, there will be obvious nutation, which will easily affect the shooting accuracy.
As special sniper ammunition, the manufacturing precision is high, and the output is relatively small, so the cost will be relatively high.
Moreover, the jujube-type warhead is not without its shortcomings. Since both ends are pointed, the one installed in the cartridge case will also have a large point, which will inevitably occupy the volume in the cartridge case, which also means that the propellant charge in the cartridge case
will decrease.
The reduction of propellant will cause the pressure of gunpowder gas to decrease during launch and the chamber pressure to decrease, thus causing the muzzle velocity of the warhead to decrease.
Such a structure not only fails to increase the range of the bullet, but will actually decrease it. Because of this, several of Viking's ammunition so far are still experimental ammunition and have not been used in the military on a large scale.
If you want to use it as a normal bullet, you still have to go back to the conventional boat-tail shaped bullet tail. This is what Zhuang Yan means by "compromise", and it is also the source of inspiration for the design of this new bullet.
The consequence of the compromise is that there will be some loss of aerodynamic performance, but the advantage is that the manufacturing accuracy requirements can be reduced, and the cost will also be reduced.
Sure enough, as an expert, Lao Pang's eyes lit up when he heard about the date-core warhead, but he also put forward his own opinions.
He believes that theoretically, a slender and streamlined bullet head can indeed reduce air resistance and increase range and shooting accuracy, but it must be understood that the destructive power of a bullet is not only the penetration power, but also the cavity effect.
If the bullet head is designed into a perfect slender streamlined shape, on the one hand it will increase the production cost of the bullet head, and on the other hand it will reduce the cavity effect when the bullet hits.
The famous Japanese 38 cover is an example. The bullet head is perfectly designed and precisely manufactured, and has a long and accurate range. However, when it hits the human body, it basically only pierces a small hole, and the bullet cannot form a larger hole.
A large cavity effect has a poor stopping effect in the body, so the lethality is reduced.
There is a functional relationship here. The more streamlined and precise the bullet, the higher the shooting accuracy and the farther the shooting distance, but the lower the stopping power and the worse the lethality.
The more irregular and rough the shape of the bullet, the lower the shooting accuracy and the shorter the shooting distance, but the higher the stopping power and the greater the lethality. Of course, this is under the premise of the same weight of the warhead.
Therefore, bullets that do not need to be shot at long distances, such as shotgun bullets, are steel balls, spherical, not very precise, and have low manufacturing costs. The amount of powder does not need to be large, and the barrel does not need to be very long. When shooting at close range,
The lethality is astonishing, often hitting the soul with one shot, and the cavity effect is excellent.
Sniper rifle bullets that require accurate shooting at extremely long distances are relatively slender, precision-made, and expensive to produce.
The penetrating power is excellent, but the cavity effect is relatively poor. It is necessary to significantly increase the amount of powder and lengthen the barrel to increase the muzzle velocity of the bullet and increase the lethality.
It is not an easy task to make a bullet with high power and good ballistics without modifying the gun.
While several people were talking, Li Zheng and the others had finished firing their five bullets.
After the gun inspection, the results came out.
Zhuang Yan, Lao Peng and No. 5 looked at the targets one by one and found that the impact points of the first shot and the remaining four shots were quite different.
No. 5 said: "I think it would be better to shoot another group. The dispersion of the last four guns is very good, better than the original ammunition. I think this bullet is improved and can be distributed to the training team. If the effect is stable, all the bullets here will be used."
He is a veteran and will adapt quickly. After seven days, he will have already mastered it, and it will not affect the final competition and international competition."
Lao Peng looked at the bullet holes on the target paper, and his pupils were full of excitement. He couldn't help but said to instructor No. 5: "I think it's okay. Now we practice every day in the morning and have knockout matches in the afternoon, but...
"
He looked back at Zhuang Yan and No. 5 with some worry, and expressed his worries: "It's just that the amount of ammunition we used in this training and competition is amazing. Do you know how many bullets I have prepared? Just this training team has gone from training to training."
, eliminated to the final competition, the current planned ammunition has reached 300,000 rounds. If your new ammunition is to be used in this competition and international competitions, it must at least have this guaranteed quantity, how many? "
Zhuang Yan and instructor No. 5 looked at each other and smiled.
No. 5 said: "Lao Peng, do you think you are the first batch of people to use this kind of ammunition? I only got the advice from the chief, so I came to you to recommend this kind of ammunition to you. If the effect is good, we will be the first to install it in the future."
Special forces, if mass-produced, the cost will be lower, which is better than hiding it and using it in a small range."
Lao Peng looked at Zhuang Yan and then at Instructor No. 5. He seemed to understand something and said with a smile: "Oh, that's no problem."
The second set of ammunition was quickly distributed.
This time the distance was increased to 800 meters.
The results came out as a surprise.
It was actually better than the first group’s 600-meter results, with the distribution points all within 0.3MOA.
This is already very good data.
Instructor No. 5 asked Lao Peng: "Will you come and move?"
Lao Peng was unambiguous: "What's wrong? Are you trying to show my team members whether I'm worthy of being their instructor?"
He said simply: "Okay, since I want to try, you two should show off together. We haven't competed for a long time. It's been so many years. We haven't met each other in thirteen years since we last played against each other."
Already."
Zhuang Yan and instructor No. 5 looked at each other, smiled, and nodded.
"Well, since the opportunity is rare, let's try it out and see if the level drops."
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