Chongzhen Ming Dynasty: Starting from Meishan Chapter 479 Dorgon’s Persistence
"Slave dog, are you telling the truth?"
"Master, everything this slave said is true. If there is even half a lie, heaven will strike with five thunders."
"There's no need to swear poison. I don't believe those false words." Dorgon smiled and said, "However, you just said that Hong Chengchou and others were trying to reform the Qing Dynasty. I also discovered it, and they even
Some bad habits of the Ming officialdom were also brought to the Qing court, and they wanted to engage in party strife in the Qing Dynasty."
"Master, you are an unparalleled hero. Naturally, the tactics of Han ministers like Hong Chengchou cannot be hidden from your eyes." Hou Fangyu said flatteringly, "Party disputes are true and will cause endless harm."
"Party strife is indeed extremely harmful and will shake the foundation of the Qing Dynasty."
Dorgon believed deeply and said: "The proposal proposed by Hong Chengchou and others to classify all Han people into the Eight Banners and Han Army will inevitably lead to the conflict between the Manchus and Hanchens and constant party disputes."
"Even the party struggle between Hanchen and Hanchen will become more intense."
"In this way, the Qing Dynasty itself will collapse without the need for Nanming or Pseudo-Shun to use troops."
"The master knows it clearly." Hou Fangyu also believed that, "Party fighting will inevitably lead to the destruction of the country."
"But this move also has an advantage that cannot be ignored." Dorgon said with a sigh, "That is, it can allow the Qing Dynasty to obtain millions of soldiers overnight. This is particularly important. After all, Nanming already has more than 800,000 soldiers.
."
Hou Fangyu pondered for a moment and then said: "Master can find a compromise, which will not offend the Manchus and shake the foundation, but also allow the Qing Dynasty to obtain millions of soldiers."
"A compromise?" Dorgon asked with a slight movement in his expression, "What kind of compromise?"
Hou Fangyu said: "Half a million Han households were screened out from the capital, Hebei, Shanxi and Shandong to join the Eight Banners Han Army. These Han people could be given land divided into small groups and exempted from grain tax or only levied a very small grain tax. The rest
More than a million households of Han people all moved to Gyeonggi and worked with the Manchus, and the specific distribution was based on the Manchus' meritorious status."
"This is really a good way. Not only can it increase the number of troops for the Qing Dynasty by 500,000 people overnight, but it can also please most of the Manchus. This way it will not lead to opposition from the Manchus." Dorgon said in front of him.
He looked up and then said, "But doing this will also offend the majority of Han gentry."
It is serious to select 500,000 Han households to be included in the Eight Banners Han Army, and to allocate land to these 500,000 Han households, and then forcibly move the remaining more than 1 million Han households to Gyeonggi to be coated by the Manchus.
Damaging the interests of the Han Jin gentry is simply destroying the lifeblood of the Han Jin gentry in several northern provinces.
The reason is also very simple, because most of the cultivated land in Shanxi, Hebei and Shanxi is concentrated in the hands of the Han gentry. If the Qing Dynasty wants to allocate land to the Han people who raise the flag, it can only rob the cultivated land of these Han gentry.
It is absolutely impossible to ask the Manchus to vomit out the cultivated land that was previously used for horse racing and enclosure.
In addition to the 500,000 households that raised the flag, and the remaining more than one million households were moved to the capital, the landlords and gentry in the Qing provinces would not even have tenant farmers. Wouldn't this have ruined their lives?
What is it?
As for the more than one million Han households who were moved to the capital, they had no choice but to disobey.
Besides, when they farmed land for Han landlords in their original place, it was farming, and when they came to Gyeonggi and they farmed land for Manchus, it was farming. There was no difference.
"So what if they offended the Han landlords and Jin gentry?" Hou Fangyu said with a sinister smile, "Besides becoming obedient people of the Qing Dynasty, do they have any other choice? Can Nanming take them in, or can hypocrisy tolerate them?"
After Dorgon heard this, he began to think seriously. Maybe Hou Fangyu's proposal would really work?
If they first seize the cultivated land and then the tenant farmers, like the Minister of War Zhang Jinyan, the Minister of Rites Sun Zhixian and other Han officials will definitely be dissatisfied, but what can they do if they are dissatisfied?
These Han officials first rebelled against the Ming Dynasty and then rebelled against hypocrisy. Both Chongzhen and Li Zicheng hated these Han officials to the core.
Chongzhen even publicly claimed that he would implement land equalization in the north, so even if these Han officials rebelled against the Qing Dynasty and returned to the Ming Dynasty, there would be no good results. As for the hypocritical emperor Li Zicheng, there was no need to worry, as it can be seen from the late execution of Niu Jinxing
, this person is not a big-minded person, so it is unlikely that those Han officials will surrender again.
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It is true as Hou Fangyu said, so what if the Han landlords and Jin gentry are offended?
These people are just a group of sheep, so what if they are killed for meat?
"You're a dog slave." Dorgon smiled, kicked Hou Fangyu, and then cursed, "You have a lot of clever ideas."
Hou Fangyu immediately said with a flattering smile: "I have a lot of clever ideas, but I will only contribute my clever ideas for you, my master, for the Qing Dynasty. Otherwise, I am just an idiot."
Dorgon smiled and told Cao Eryu: "Immediately summon Qi Chongge, Gang Lin, Sony and others to discuss politics."
Staff such as Hong Chengchou, Fan Wencheng, Ning Wanwo and Hou Fangyu could only provide suggestions, but when it came time to make decisions, Dorgon still had to discuss with Qi Chongge, Gang Lin, Sony and other military ministers.
Early the next morning, the military machine room issued an edict, ordering the governors of each province to screen the Han people and raise their flags.
Dorgon still had some tricks. He didn't think of getting it done in one step, but divided it into two stages.
In the first stage, 500,000 Han households were selected to carry out the flag-raising, thereby stabilizing the local situation and bringing the people of Gyeonggi, Hebei, Shanxi and Shandong provinces back home.
The second stage is to move the remaining million households to Gyeonggi.
Therefore, after the first edict was promulgated, in addition to the landlords and gentry who owned a large amount of cultivated land, the landlords and gentry who did not have much cultivated land even expressed their gratitude to the Qing court. The Hebei gentry headed by Zhang Jinyan even wrote a letter
The book of ten thousand words blatantly wants to give Dorgon the title of God and change the emperor's father, the regent, into the emperor.
This chapter is not finished yet, please click on the next page to continue reading the exciting content! Of course the big landowners and gentry who own thousands of hectares of fertile land are not happy.
But it’s useless. The handle of the knife is in the hands of a slave. What can you do?
Compared with the landlords and gentry, the gratitude of the people in the north is more simple.
The Han people who raised flags and paid taxes rushed to build a shrine to Dorgon.
Then the phenomenon of fleeing to the south disappeared overnight.
It’s hard to leave your homeland. If you can survive, who would be willing to leave your homeland?
As a result, the security situation in several provinces under the rule of Jiannu was greatly improved.
Half a month later, the Qing government issued a second edict - migration.
Moreover, Dorgon also kept an eye on it. He did not directly say that the Han people who migrated to the capital would be given to the Manchus as slaves. Instead, he only said that the capital was empty and that people from several northern provinces needed to be moved to fill the capital. He also lied to the people.
, as long as you arrive in Gyeonggi Province, you can be given fifty acres of arable land per ding.
With the example of 500,000 households raising flags and dividing their land, and the Qing government also issuing relocation rations, the remaining more than one million Han households in several northern provinces happily embarked on the journey of migrating to the capital.
journey.
At this moment, the landowners in several northern provinces finally realized that something was wrong.
After years of war, there were only more than 1.5 million households left in several northern provinces.
Now 500,000 households have been included in the Eight Banners and the Han Army and have become bannermen. The remaining more than 1 million households have been forcibly relocated to the capital by the Qing government. As a result, there are no longer tenant farmers to cultivate land for the landlords and gentry, and there are no more tenants.
If people are exploited by landlords and gentry, who will they eat from now on? From now on, they can only cultivate the land with their own hands. How can this be done?
As soon as this edict was issued, several provinces under the rule of Jiannu immediately aroused great uproar. The Han officials in the court discussed it one after another, and the local Jin gentry was even more heartbroken, as if they were mourning their heirs.
For these landowners and gentry, the good times are really coming to an end.
So the representatives of the Jin gentry headed by Zhang Jinyan wrote another letter of ten thousand words, claiming that this move would shake the foundation of the Qing Dynasty and make Dorgon take back his life no matter what.
Hong Chengchou, Fan Wencheng and Ning Wanwo also urged Dorgon to withdraw his life.
Because Hong Chengchou and the others saw that after Dorgon listened to their opinions and made major reforms to the Eight Banners system, he did not continue to follow the path they drew. Instead, he turned around and retreated to Lao Khan's Eight Banners.
With regard to the fishing and hunting system, Dorgon clearly wanted to turn the northern provinces into an enlarged version of the Later Jin Khanate.
This is far from the ideal "country" of Hong Chengchou and others.
However, Dorgon didn't listen at all. He valued the opinions of Hong Chengchou and others, but he never believed them easily. Dorgon still had his own insistence in his heart, such as the shaving method, and the Eight Banners fishing and hunting system. This was Jurchen
Or the foundation of the Qing Dynasty, Dorgon would never give up easily because of anyone's advice.
…
When Li Ruolian sent the edict of establishing slaves to Nanjing through secret channels, Chongzhen was personally supervising the production of cement at the Gewu Science and Technology Factory at the foot of Qingliang Mountain.
In order to make cement, you must first have a kiln.
The Gewuke Workshop had the best masons in the Ming Dynasty. Chongzhen selected a group of masons and built a full fifty-kiln calcining kiln at the northern foot of Qingliang Mountain.
Chongzhen only remembered that the ingredients of cement included limestone, clay and certain additives, but the proportion of ingredients and the types of additives were not very clear, so he could only try it out.
Fifty calcining kilns were divided into five control groups, with a total of ten calcining kilns in each group.
The first control group was filled with 90% limestone and 10% clay, and different types of additives were added to the ten calcining kilns, such as iron ore, copper ore, glass or charcoal.
The second control group was filled with 70% limestone and 30% clay, and added different additives.
Then by analogy, the fifth control group is filled with 10% limestone and 90% clay. Ten different additives are added to the ten calcining kilns of each group, and then wheat straw is filled into the furnace cavity to start calcining for a long time.
The calcining kiln in Chongzhen is similar to a common brick kiln, and the kiln temperature can usually reach about 800 degrees.
The temperature of a porcelain kiln for firing porcelain must exceed 1,200 degrees. The temperature of an ordinary brick kiln is not enough. However, the kiln temperature required for calcining cement is even higher, requiring more than 1,400 degrees.
My son is almost healed, but my wife still has a bad cough. The author has no obvious symptoms, but his physical fitness has seriously declined. He will get tired if he sits for a long time, and he still has to cook and take care of his family, so he can only try to ensure two updates]
