"Zhu Zihou, you said that "Guan Ju" is a folk song about a man and a woman's love affair, or even a blind date. What is the basis for it?"
When Yang Guoliang was in trouble, Ma Huating stood up again, with a dark face and a stern expression, loudly questioning Zhu Ping'an. This time he adopted the method of surrounding Wei to save Zhao, attacking Zhu to save Yang.
"I think to interpret "Guanyong" and "The Book of Songs", we must first look at the background of the formation of the "Book of Songs". The Zhou Dynasty governed the country with music, and specially set up officials to collect poems. Every spring, the officials to collect poems would shake
With Mu Duo, he went deep into the folk, collected folk songs, collected and compiled the songs that reflected the people's joys, sorrows, sorrows, people's livelihood, and people's life style, and gave them to the music official - the Taishi. After the Taishi composed the music, he sang it to Zhou
The emperor listened, and the emperor of Zhou learned about people's livelihood through these folk songs, which served as a reference for governance. Some of them praised ancestors, some worshiped ghosts and gods, some had banquets and social interactions with nobles, and some reflected folk labor, love, marriage, and social customs.
"Zhu Ping'an smiled slightly and said slowly.
"What you said is commonplace and has nothing to do with your theory. How can it be used as evidence? Is there any scripture or scripture to prove your theory? What is the research?"
Ma Huating sneered, like a fighting cock, staring at Zhu Ping'an dimly, and started to pick the bones from the egg.
Didn't you just ask Dr. Yang for his research? Do you have it?! Can you tell me?!
snort!
This is called treating others with their own medicine!
Ma Huating stared at Zhu Ping'an faintly, and as he said this sentence, he seemed to feel a bad breath in his heart.
You are destined to be disappointed.
Zhu Ping'an looked at Ma Huating, raised the corners of his lips slightly, and as soon as Ma Huating finished speaking, he slowly said:
"The preface to Zhu Xi's "Collected Poems" says: "The so-called wind in poetry mostly comes from songs written in lanes, and the so-called men and women singing songs to each other and each expressing their feelings." "Guan Ju" comes from "South Wind"
", "Guanyong" talks about folk love ballads, which is consistent with Zhu Xi's preface. This is one of them."
"The Rites of Zhou Dynasty, Local Officials, Matchmaker's Family" says: 'The Matchmaker's family is in charge of the judgment of all peoples. Every man and woman who has become famous will write down the name of the year, month and day. He is ordered to marry a man at thirty and a woman at twenty.
Anyone who has sentenced a wife to marry a child must write it down. In the middle of the spring month, the man and woman are ordered to meet, so it is the right time. Those who run away are not allowed to run away. If they do not use the order without reason, they will be punished. Those who are in charge of men and women without husbands will be reunited. 'Zhou Dynasty
At that time, the matchmaker was in charge of the cooperation of the people. Anyone who married a wife and had children must be recorded. Why did they reproduce the population? In February and March, the matchmaker issued an order for unmarried men and women to meet. At this time, I couldn't help but run. If
If you disobey the government order without any reason, you will be punished. This is the ancient custom of men and women meeting in the mid-spring month. During various sacrificial ceremonies held in early February before spring plowing, men and women can also freely engage in love activities. "The Rites of Zhou" stipulates sacrificial rituals
Unmarried women need to pick water plants, so in February and March, unmarried women go to the river to pick water plants. At this time, the government decrees gather men and women, and unmarried gentlemen who are "good ladies" also take the opportunity to come to the river.
, so there was "Guanyong". This is the second one."
"Reading through the Book of Songs, you can find that the background of many love poems takes place in spring, which is related to the decree of "Zhou Li·Di Guan·Mian Shi", and most of them use flowers, grass, water flow, and bird songs to 'bixing'
.”
"For example, "There are creepers in the wilds" by Zheng Feng: "There are creepers in the wilds, and there is no dew. There is a beautiful person, clear and graceful. When we meet by chance, it suits my wish." This song "There are creepers in the wilds" is about the suburbs.
The weeds formed a continuous patch, and the dew on the grass blades shone brightly. A beautiful woman passed by, with delicate features and beautiful eyes. She was very stunning. Meeting her unexpectedly was just what I wanted."
"Another example is "Zheng Feng·Qin Wei": "Qin and Wei are on the opposite side. The scholar and the girl are on the opposite side. The girl said, 'Guanhu?' The scholar said, 'That's it.' 'Let's go and watch!'
, and they were happy. The Weishi and the girl were joking with each other, and gave him peony as a gift. This poem tells the story of the month of March, when the Qinshui and Laishui of Zheng State flowed far away. Unmarried young men and women came to the suburbs.
They were playing, holding orchids in their hands. The men and women were holding iris in their hands and went to play by the river outside the city. The woman said we should go there to have a look. The man said I had already gone there. The woman also said that there is a good place on the other side of the Jishui River, and it is beautiful.
It was lively, so why not go there again! So, the men and women went together to the other side of the Jishui River, joking with each other, giving peonies as parting gifts, and promised not to forget each other."
"Another example is "Zheng Feng: There is a dead wolf in the wild". There is a dead wolf in the wild, and the white grass wraps it up. There is a girl who is pregnant, and she is lured by good luck."
"Another example is "Zhou Nan·Taoyao""
"Another example is "Wang Feng·Junzi Yangyang", "Wei Feng·Papaya", "Chen Feng·Dongmen Zhiyan""
Zhu Ping'an listed dozens of poems in one breath to support the Zhou Dynasty's custom of "in the third month of spring, men and women meet", and verified that "Guan Ju" is a folk song about the love of men and women, and may describe this custom.
Ma Huating was stunned, originally thinking that under his questioning, Zhu Ping'an would be hesitant.
But I never expected it.
Not only did Zhu Ping'an not hesitate when asked, but he was eloquent, and as soon as he finished speaking, he was eloquently citing scriptures.
This was so beyond Ma Huating's expectation that he stood there dumbfounded.
Under Zhu Ping'an's eloquence, the muscles on Yang Guoliang's face became more and more relaxed and droopy, and his face became more and more ugly.
After Zhu Ping'an finished speaking, everyone in the lecture hall was silent.
a long time.
"If "Guanyong" is a folk song about the love between a man and a woman, why is it so popular that Confucius listed it as the first chapter in the Book of Songs?" Yang Guoliang raised his head, looked at Zhu Pingan with bloodshot eyes, and said hoarsely.
asked.
"The common is the elegant." Zhu Ping'an replied.
"Not even the first article." Yang Guoliang continued to stare at Zhu Ping'an.
""Guan Ju" is listed as the first chapter, which is the embodiment of Confucius's 'people-oriented' approach. The Analects of Confucius records that there was a fire in the stable, and Confucius asked if anyone was hurt? Regardless of the horse, this is the embodiment of Confucius' 'people-oriented approach'. Guan
Guan Jujiu, in Hezhou, there is a graceful lady. A gentleman likes to pursue a lady. After he succeeds, he plays the ceremonial drum, harp, and sheng, practices the virtues of a couple, forms a marriage, forms a family, and reproduces offspring. This is the foundation of the national economy and the people's livelihood.
If the family is stable, the society will be stable, and the world will be peaceful." Zhu Pingan said slowly.
people oriented?!
This word, which Zhu Ping'an brought from modern times, immediately stunned everyone.
People-oriented The more people study this word, the more they feel that it is not simple. This word can not only cover the principles that the people are more valuable than the king, and water can carry a boat but also capsize it, and it can even be broader.
Of course it’s not simple, this is a national policy! A national policy that is hundreds of years ahead of you! It’s strange that it can’t suppress you.
Zhu Ping'an twitched his lips slightly, "Actually, it's not just the Book of Songs. When Confucius deleted the Six Classics, the beginning of each book emphasized people-oriented. The opening chapter of the Book of Songs said, 'Shun married without telling',
In order to test Shun's talent, Yao married his two daughters to him. Only those who can manage their families can rule the country and bring peace to the world, which is people-oriented. The first chapter of "Yi" talks about the two hexagrams of Qian and Kun, the combination of yin and yang, endless life, and people-oriented;
In "Li", the ceremony for crowning a scholar comes first, and the ceremony for a scholar's dusk comes second. Starting a family after adulthood is people-oriented. The opening chapter of "Spring and Autumn" talks about "Zheng Bo Duan Yu Yan", which talks about the way of parents and children, and it is also based on people-oriented.
, "Guanyong", which is happy but not obscene, sad but not sad, is the most suitable opening chapter of "The Book of Songs"."
The connotation of "people-oriented" is so broad that Zhu Ping'an referred to the opening chapter of the Six Classics as "people-oriented" without hesitation, and everyone thought it was normal.
"Thousands of "Guanju" are in the eyes of a thousand people. This is just my "Guanju". The fallacies make everyone laugh."
Zhu Ping'an said, bowed his hands to everyone, and Shi Shiran walked off the podium.
snap
snap
The only sound of Zhu Ping'an's footsteps echoed in the lecture hall.