Bright Moon and Breeze (131) (First release at https://www.clewxc.com)
Bright moon and clear breeze(131)
As soon as the issue of textbooks was brought up, it was so lively! Everyone was waiting for further news from the court, but after waiting and waiting, another wave of early warnings came.
It was published in the name of Qin Tianjian and was published in the most prominent position in the Beijing News.
Qintianjian Early Warning: In the late twelfth lunar month, Yingtian, Suzhou, Yangzhou, Chuzhou, Huai'an, Sizhou, six prefectures and two prefectures, including Songjiang and Fengyang, have a probability of more than 80% that there will be an earthquake. In addition, Changzhou, Zhenjiang,
Taizhou, as well as several prefectures in Jiangxi, are feared to be affected. The imperial court has issued urgent warnings for 800 miles, reminding all kinds of people living in the capital and returning home years ago to pay attention to their itineraries.
When this early warning came out, there was a sudden silence in the capital.
Is it accurate?
I do not know!
Will it be accurate?
Who can say clearly?
Many people began to pay attention to, how is this measured? A seismometer? Can't this thing only measure roughly which direction it is at most?
But some people say that they should just know which direction they are in. But once the concept of seismic zones came out, the seismic zones in that direction were all counted! Didn’t you see that the area circled this time is so large?
Therefore, various books and various manuscripts about earthquake records are really hard to find in the capital!
All other things were put aside, as if they were all waiting for a result, to see if there would really be an earthquake in the second half of the twelfth lunar month.
Earthquake in the south, not felt in Beijing!
Since the twentieth day of the twelfth lunar month, countless people have been staring at the postmen in the capital. Anyone who saw the urgent report from eight hundred miles away would try their best to inquire to see if it was accurate!
But there has been no news. Until the 29th of the twelfth lunar month, news came back one after another.
On the 22nd day of the twelfth lunar month in the third year of Taiping, at the fourth quarter of Shenshi, there was an earthquake in six prefectures and two prefectures in the original southern Zhili region.
It can be seen from the reports sent back from various state capitals that Yangzhou is the most serious.
In Yangzhou and Yingtian, the city walls collapsed. Houses collapsed, and water poured in near the water!
In Huai'an, the lake was churning, and I had never seen such a phenomenon.
Over in Taizhou, the river roared loudly during the earthquake.
There are also earthquakes of varying degrees in other places. But fortunately, there are very few casualties! Although there is no complete statistics at present, early warning is given. It is Shenshi during the earthquake. Before dark, people will evacuate quickly at the slightest movement.
Therefore, the situation is not bad!
This memorial was not only published in the Di newspaper the next day, but also published verbatim in the Beijing newspaper.
Then the whole capital and even Zhili became quiet! After the quiet, the sound of firecrackers could be heard all night long!
Yes! People feel at peace!
The unknown is scary, but if it’s predictable, what does it mean?
God!
Can the whole world not celebrate together?
The sound of firecrackers ushered in four years of peace.
In the fourth year of peace, the weather changed. The civil and military officials of the entire dynasty wore uniforms and went to the first dynasty to celebrate the great tomorrow that brought new weather.
Lin Yutong, with a big belly, sat at the table with Fourth Master to receive the congratulations.
The New Year ceremony in the palace is very grand, but you will never do nothing to celebrate the New Year! From New Year's Eve, everyone can sleep. The fourth master really has to keep vigil. He has to write the first stroke of the Chinese New Year at the alternation of the old and the new.
, to pray to God, hoping that the coming year will have good weather, abundant harvests, and peace in the world.
On the first day of the Lunar New Year, you have to accept the congratulations from hundreds of officials, and then write a series of imperial edicts in the open window to indicate that the new year is coming.
On the second day of the Lunar New Year, the annual vacation is over and work begins.
Of course, many ministers are on duty at this time, and there isn’t that much work. But if there isn’t that much work, why don’t they just do nothing?
No! The fourth master began to invite some scholars into the palace to give lectures.
The first person named was Yuan Shanping.
"Invite me?" Yuan Shanping was surprised that he could enter the palace now? What were you talking about when you entered the palace?
When the decree came out, Yuan Shanping's small courtyard was filled with people. Many people couldn't go home during the New Year. Anyway, they spent the New Year in a fool's errand. They got together and talked about the textbooks! They all argued in private.
That's it, but no one thought that the emperor would invite people from the reading club like them to come to the palace to give lectures.
This is a lecture for the emperor! Some people say that if you want to talk about it, you should talk about the imperial examination system. You can change it if you want, but you can't deny the Four Books and Five Classics! There is a reason for these to have persisted for so many years, and they should be abandoned easily.
, absolutely impossible.
But someone else said, "It's Chinese New Year, so don't start a dispute in the palace! I see, if you want to say something, you have to say something pleasing and festive! You have to ask the emperor to listen once and think about it a second time...
..." If you want to influence the emperor, this has to be a long-term process! If you go up there, the emperor will not like it, and you will be blocked from the future, so why bother.
It was like this when Chen Renxi came in. He said this and that, but in his opinion, none of them hit the point.
As soon as he came in, everyone was very respectful, "Mr. Chen, please take a seat! You came just in time. We are discussing what Mr. Yuan should say when he enters the palace."
Chen Renxi sat down and looked at Yuan Shanping, "Mr. Yuan, I think you should work harder on the teaching materials." After saying that, he took out a booklet and said, "I have compiled this in the past few days. Can you check it out?
There is merit.”
Only the first sentence of the article is taken as the title of the article. Therefore, this thin book contains a lot of article titles.
As soon as these words came out, many people slapped their thighs, yes! There is nothing more influential than textbooks.
So, I put them together to save a book, and added a lot of this sentence and that sentence. Yuan Shanping accepted it with a smile, but he knew in his heart that it was inappropriate to go to the palace to talk about this.
Finally everyone was sent away, only Chen Renxi was left at the end, "Mr. Yuan, if we fail to study for half our lives, then tell us, what is our value? Although the Ming Dynasty is big, we can't stand without you and me.
place."
After saying that, he sighed sadly and turned around to leave.
Yuan Shanping looked at the book on the table and sighed again. No one has ever seen what the emperor is like, so who can know. He tossed and turned, thinking, what should I say in the palace?
I had a lot of preparations in mind, but as soon as I entered the palace with the box and the emperor asked, everything I had prepared could not be counted.
The emperor asked first: "What is in the box is for me?"
No matter what, he said, "Your Majesty, I heard that the imperial court is going to compile teaching materials. Therefore, many scholars inevitably want to give them advice, and the common people will pass it on to them on their behalf."
Wang Cheng went over and took it, checked it over before handing it to the emperor.
The fourth master opened it, glanced at it, and said to Wang Cheng, "Is the Queen finished with her work? She just said that Mr. Yuan is here. If she is free, let's come and listen together."
yes!
So, isn’t Tongtong here now?
This was the first time Yuan Shanping met the queen. Even though she was a pregnant woman, she looked very neat. He stood up quickly to greet her, but the queen was very gentle and said, "No gifts! Please sit down."
Fourth Master took Tongtong's hand and sat beside him, "Look, there are many people who are bothering with the teaching materials."
Come to think of it!
There were some articles in the booklet that only had the first sentence of the article. How could Lin Yutong remember it? She flipped through it roughly and said, "I kept it. I'll look back at it carefully." At least check where it came from!
Today we are inviting someone to give a lecture. Let me invite you sir first!
What was Yuan Shanping talking about? Seeing such an emperor and empress, he knew that trivial things would not impress them. Therefore, he gave up what he had prepared before and started talking about Confucian and Legalist governance.
Speaking of Legalism, he gave an example, "The common people have heard that some laws were still being discussed in the Legal Academy years ago, and the debate was particularly fierce. The most representative one is that madmen hurt people and kill people."
Lin Yutong raised his eyebrows, but he didn't expect him to click on this. There has been a debate over how to sentence mentally ill patients for their crimes.
Yuan Shanping said, "During the Western Zhou Dynasty, there was such a provision in the Zhou Rites, which said, 'One pardon for the young and weak, two pardons for the old, three pardons for the stupid'..."
Lin Yutong nodded, there is such a rule! It means that the young, the sick, the old, the stupid, the crazy, the mentally retarded, and the criminals are all exempted.
This kind of special case has continued for a long time, such as the minor protection law that appeared in later generations, the leniency system for the elderly after committing crimes, and the fact that mentally retarded people who are not criminally responsible for crimes do not have to bear legal responsibility, etc.
I heard Yuan Shanping say again: "This is recorded in the "Zhou Rites", but during the execution process, the young and weak and the old were pardoned, but in terms of stupidity, it was not really executed! From the Western Zhou Dynasty
By the Western Han Dynasty, for thousands of years, stupid people had been treated as normal people and normal adults. Therefore, they were not included in the pardon. During this period, some people suggested that "crazy people are easy to kill, so they must be exempted from punishment".
'Re-discuss', and then he said, 'If mother, son, brother die on behalf of a brother, pardon the one who takes his place'..."
This means that some people think that if such a mentally disturbed person kills someone, the penalty can be reduced, but that does not mean that there will be no punishment. But if the mother and brother at home are willing to die for him and accept the punishment for him, then the penalty can be reduced.
human guilt.
Lin Yutong frowned. She had never studied it in such detail. She really didn't know this! But there is no doubt that such a rule is unenforceable and it challenges human nature!
If you watch an abnormal person die, others will say that your family members are heartless and unrighteous. But if you put your body on the line, this is ridiculous! No one can exchange the death of a normal person for the life of an abnormal person.
So happy!
But Yuan Shanping said again, "Such a formulation was approved by Emperor An of the Han Dynasty who was in power at that time, so it was promoted up and down."
Lin Yutong: "..." This stuff doesn't sound reliable! Emperor An of the Han Dynasty... is not considered a wise emperor, so don't worry about it! Yuan Shanping said that he has promoted it, so it shouldn't be wrong! He must have done research.
Yuan Shanping also understood the queen's meaning from her expression, and then said: "During the Wei and Jin Dynasties, some people raised objections to this. But in the Sui Dynasty, the pardon method of "Zhou Rites" was still used.
For example, in the Book of the Sui Dynasty, it is said that "the person who redeems himself is the one who is old and young, eunuchs, idiots, and those with faults". After the death of the second generation of the Sui Dynasty, the legal system was not complete. But the "Tang Code" is different, including the Ming Dynasty Code
Laws are all based on the Tang Code. Tang Code stipulates this, saying that those over eighty years old, under ten years old, and stupid people who participate in crimes such as rebellion, conspiracy, and murder must obtain
'Please'..."
To petition means to ask the emperor for instructions. If the emperor says it can be pardoned, he will forgive it. If he does not pardon, he will still die.
"Compared with Tang laws, there were not many changes in the Song code, but in the Yuan Dynasty, the changes were not small. There is a case recorded in the "Yuan Dian Zhang". It is said that there was a crazy person who broke into a neighbor's house in the middle of the night and killed him.
The male owner of the neighbor's house was beaten to death with a stick, and other people in the neighbor's house were injured with varying degrees of severity. The trial given by the emperor of the Yuan Dynasty was, 'Exempt from guilt, collect money for burning and burial'."
It means that there will be no punishment, as long as the funeral expenses are paid.
"Similarly, there is a similar case in the "Criminal Law Chronicles" of the Yuan Dynasty. It was a crazy grandson who killed his grandparents. As a result, he was sentenced to execution!"
Lin Yutong understood this. The two judgments for the same case only showed that even foreigners from the Yuan Dynasty did not dare to be careless in their filial piety.
What he is talking about is law, but not just law! He is saying that many things in Confucianism are deeply rooted in the bone marrow, and no ruler can ignore them.
Yuan Shanping stopped and said about this law, "From the Western Zhou Dynasty to the Ming Dynasty, the purpose of the law lies in the word 'benevolence'! In fact, the pardoner has not changed since the Western Zhou Dynasty, but since the Western Zhou Dynasty, the law has not been implemented
, later on, the conditions for forgiveness were gradually relaxed, which shows that 'benevolence' is reflected in the law."
But ‘benevolence’ is the core of Confucianism.
This lesson lasted for a full hour, and Yuan Shanping was finally finished. At that time, the fourth master said nothing and only asked Wang Cheng to send people out of the palace.
Lin Yutong was holding back his urine, and when he came out after feeling relieved, the fourth master was in a daze.
As for whether to pardon or not, actually from Lin Yutong's point of view, whoever is involved in this kind of thing will know! Unless it is done to oneself, anyone can say 'he didn't mean it' or 'he didn't know anything', but for
As far as the victims are concerned, do they deserve their bad luck?
Therefore, she has never expressed an opinion on this legal designation.
Motoyama Taira Konji gave this debate a direction. He believed that from the initial non-execution to the later detailed execution of the pardoned persons listed in Zhou Rites, it was a manifestation of "benevolence".
Keren was benevolent, but Lin Yutong felt that the anger in her heart could not go away.
Therefore, she said to Fourth Master: "...It can be forgiven, but it must be conditional. If there is such a person in the family, first of all, it must not be abandoned!" It is irresponsible to not push such people out and let them go.
Responsibility, "Secondly, the liability for harming these people is the same as for harming ordinary people. Thirdly, if care is not done well and these people hurt or even kill someone, the caregiver needs to be compensated. How much compensation will be discussed later..."
That family member must not be dragged to death?!
The Fourth Master shook his head, "If this is true, the lives of these people will not be protected. If what you say will not work, the Law School will stop you." We can only refine it bit by bit, but we cannot cure this problem fundamentally.
It still won't be perfectly solved in a few hundred years, so there's no need to worry too much about it.
He clicked on the booklet and said, "Look, what's listed on it."
First, the Twenty-Four Filial Piety Sutras.
Yes! Filial piety is also the core of Confucianism. This cannot be denied, but some of the twenty-four filial piety must be deleted.
This was compiled by a person named Guo Jujing in the Yuan Dynasty. Even though it was not that long ago, if you want to delete this, you probably can't achieve your goal without a fight between the dragon and the tiger.
Secondly, the Analects of Confucius.
This needs to be divided, which ones are suitable for young children and which ones can only be learned when they are older. These all need to be divided.
For example, "Two children debating the sun", Lin Yutong felt that this could be used to make a big deal.
No matter what, the Analects of Confucius must be learned.
The two of them flipped through the booklet. Many Lin Yutong read the first sentence and didn't know where the excerpt came from, but Fourth Master knew it! The two of them asked and answered questions and went through all the chapters listed by the scholars in the booklet.
Then Tongtong always felt something was awkward.
What's wrong with that?
There are "Mozi" and "Han Feizi" in it, and there are many ancient texts from the Qin and Han Dynasties, but there is no prose.
Lin Yutong asked the Fourth Master uncertainly: "It seems like..." The famous articles that have been widely circulated in later generations, "Why are there not even one of them?"
Wang Cheng came in to refill his tea and asked, "Which article is missing?"
Lin Yutong said, "Preface to Prince Teng's Pavilion, isn't the article good?"
What order?
Preface to Prince Teng’s Pavilion!
Wang Cheng was confused for a moment, "Who did it? Do you know where it is included?"
Lin Yutong blinked his eyes, then blinked again. What did Mao mean? Wang Chengshu had read a lot of classics and historical works, so he asked him what he didn't read well. Why didn't he know the preface to Prince Teng's Pavilion?
Am I coming from a fake Ming Dynasty from a parallel time and space?
Can I pretend to be a talented woman with these essays?
The fourth master laughed and said to Wang Cheng, "Look for a book called "Eight Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties"."
Do you have this book?
There should be. "It should be compiled by Tang Shunzhi, who was an editor at the Hanlin Academy during the Jiajing period. It should be included. Ask someone to look for it."
Hey! Go right now!
After Wang Cheng left, Fourth Master ordered Tongtong, "You, you have learned half of everything! The literary world is like this in this period! Literature must be from the Qin and Han Dynasties, and poetry must be from the Tang Dynasty. They remember the eight-legged model essay, who takes the time to read the prose
What's this for? Poems like "Ten Years of Life and Death" are not allowed in the Ming Dynasty! It's okay to miss your deceased wife and praise her for her virtuousness! Others are not allowed."
The love between men and women is outrageous.
Lin Yutong was stunned and asked, "Not many people have read such a famous novel as "The Story of Yueyang Tower"?"
Fourth Master shook his head, "I didn't ask intentionally."
Lin Yutong refused to give up. When Wang Cheng came back, he opened his mouth and asked Wang Cheng, "In the spring of the fourth year of Qingli, Teng Zijing was relegated to Baling County... What's next?"
Wang Cheng was stunned for a moment, "Qingli...the reign name used by Emperor Renzong of the Song Dynasty. Qingli was used for eight years...Teng Zijing, it means Teng Zongliang..."
Lin Yutong looked at Wang Cheng, and when she was making sure that he was not teasing her, she asked again: "Don't be happy with things, and don't be sad with yourself. This sentence..."
This is a good thing to say! But why should I remind you of this?
Lin Yutong asked again: "If you live high in a temple, you worry about the people; if you live far away from the rivers and lakes, you worry about the king... Have you heard this saying?"
Wang Cheng shook his head, confused for a moment, and then said angrily: "This is a very good thing to say. It should be said to those scholars. Are they all blushing?"
Lin Yutong: "..." She looked at Fourth Master in disbelief. No one had ever told her that Ming Dynasty was such a Ming Dynasty!
The Fourth Master waved his hand and told Wang Cheng to go and get busy. Then he asked Tongtong, "Do you know Qian Qianyi?"
Got it! This man is fifty-nine years old and married to Liu Rushi, a famous prostitute in her early twenties!
Fourth Master: "..." I'm talking about the 'New Culture Movement' started by this man. What are you talking about? I never remember the useful things, I always remember the useless things!
Bai-du-search-jean-=liao=-er-=文=-学, the fastest to follow and the fastest to update
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