1613, the end of the Northern Song Dynasty and the end of the Ming Dynasty
Guangqumen is the only city gate on the east side of the outer city wall of Beijing. It was once called Datong Bridge Gate and also known as Shawo Gate. Guangqumen is a relatively small and simple gate in old Beijing. It was built in Jiajing of the Ming Dynasty.
In the thirty-second year (AD 1555), there was a moat outside the city gate, which was connected to the Tonghui River, the canal from Beijing to Tongzhou.
The reason why Yuan Chonghuan set up his position here is because the north-south distance from Guangqumen to Tonghui River is only about 1.2 kilometers. There is a forest slightly southeast of Guangqumen where the army can be relatively hidden, and there is a road leading to the main gate to the east.
road and pass to the northeast.
The terrain here is conducive to the cover of Guan Ning's army. So until the beginning of the battle, Huang Taiji did not find out that this army here was Guan Ning's army. This provided the conditions for victory in the battle.
On the evening of the 17th, the Liao army arrived at Weigong Temple in the south of Beijing (two miles outside Zuo'anmen) to garrison and camp. Yuan Chonghuan ordered the soldiers not to enter civilian homes and damage trees in the wild.
The Liao army was so disciplined, which was rare in the late Ming Dynasty. From this aspect, the training and discipline of the Guan Ning army are remarkable.
Yuan Chonghuan spent a lot of effort on this army from its establishment to its growth. An army without military discipline cannot fully obey his orders. Therefore, if you want the army to be obedient, you must maintain minimum military discipline. If military discipline is relaxed
If it is opened, the combat effectiveness will soon be over.
Yuan Chonghuan wrote to Chongzhen: "On the 19th, the Ministry of Household Affairs began to distribute beans, grains and rice, but the soldiers and horses have been frozen for two days. I sincerely ask your majesty to show mercy and allow the officers and soldiers to enter the city for repairs..."
When Chongzhen received the above table, he was stunned for a moment, because when the pirates invaded last time, they discovered that the Ming Dynasty had a bad rule. That is, when the guest troops came to the battlefield, the local area was not responsible for providing food and drinks on the first day. In other words, it must be twelve hours later.
Only then can you receive local military rations.
At that time, the army in Changping collapsed. After three days of being led by Yang Fan, the army collapsed without water or rice. After that, he specifically asked the Ministry of War, the Ministry of Household Affairs, and the various warehouses in the capital to make rectifications.
Unexpectedly, a year has passed, and up to now, the Ministry of War and the Ministry of Household Affairs are still delaying the process.
Yuan Chonghuan's soldiers and horses arrived on the 17th. Rice and grain were not supplied until the 19th. Isn't it true that this bad rule still exists? How do people in the Ministry of War do things? Why are they so lazy? Or, what is there in this?
special interests.
Chongzhen became suspicious for a moment. He became more and more disappointed with people like Donglin. They even delayed their normal work here, and there was still much use there.
When he looked down, he saw Yuan Chonghuan, who was still evil. He was still thinking about leading troops into the city, and his face became even colder.
Chongzhen has lived in many crises since he was a child, which has caused a psychological shadow. He is extremely suspicious. He does not trust anyone but himself. Especially at such a sensitive time, the border commander wants to lead troops into the city, which is particularly painful.
His sensitive nerves.
Maybe Yuan Chonghuan is a loyal minister and has no other meaning. He just has a weird personality and does things unconventionally. However, what the emperor considers is not your heart. He cannot determine what is in your heart. He only considers whether you are not good for him.
Whenever there is an opportunity, preventive measures will be taken.
However, the atmosphere in the capital is becoming more and more secretive now. People in Donglin are working together day and night, and they don't know what they are doing. With the help of Wen Tiren and others, the eunuch party is also secretly stepping up its activities. All other factions are moving towards unity.
The movement to overthrow Donglin is already undercurrent.
Chongzhen felt sensitively that there was a surge of fighting, as the saying goes, the storm was about to come. At this time, he could not make a wrong step. After all, there was a big shot in the harem. He could even feel,
The old lady was like a huge spider, entrenched in the center of the web.
Every thread in this capital city is like a spider's thread. The slightest movement will be sensitively transmitted to the center of the web. Chongzhen is familiar with history books, and he clearly knows that when the Jin soldiers went south and destroyed the Northern Song Dynasty, it was a party struggle in the court.
, someone brought it in.
There is no inner ghost, and there is no way to attract evil spirits.
Information about the Western Army was constantly sent to the Jin people. When the Western Army won, they ordered the withdrawal. Every transfer was a trap for the Jin Army. Until the Western Army completely collapsed. Li Gang defended Tokyo, so he dismissed Li Gang and transferred him. Finally
, and simply opened the city gate and let the golden soldiers enter the city.
After the Jingkang Incident, rumors were spread that Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty mistakenly believed in the words of a magic stick and ordered the city gate to be opened. Even a three-year-old child would not believe this. Mr. Hui must be so stupid to be so mentally retarded. The city gate must be related to the Jin people.
Opened by a colluding traitor.
Later, it was said that Huizong was deceived and passed the throne to Qinzong, and he fled to the south of the Yangtze River with his people. It was obvious that Huizong was seized by the ministers in a coup, and then he supported the puppet Qinzong and sent him to other places for care.
The base camp of that group is Jiangnan, and their name is Donglin Party.
The Donglin Party of the Ming Dynasty today is the continuation of the Donglin Party of the Northern Song Dynasty.
The Southern Song Dynasty was established on their territory. None of Zhao Gou's sons lived long. The throne passed from Zhao Guangyi's lineage to Zhao Kuangyin's lineage by Zhao Gouchan. There were so many descendants of Taizong, why should they be returned to them?
The lineage of Taizu.
Because they established the Taizu lineage as the emperor, naturally they had the final say, which was equivalent to starting a new dynasty.
They really had the final say. The nine emperors of the Southern Song Dynasty abdicated the throne four times.
Without putting a knife to the neck, who the hell is willing to give in? The so-called surrender is a bloodless coup. It is a peaceful seizure of power.
Chongzhen stood alone under the eaves of Qianqing Palace, looking into the distance.
The situation facing the Donglin Party now is very similar to that in the late Northern Song Dynasty. After Huizong of the Song Dynasty succeeded to the throne, he insisted on implementing the New Deal and tried to reform the country's political system. He vigorously promoted the imperial examination system and selected a large number of talents, which made the Song Dynasty
His politics have become clearer. At the same time, he has also strengthened his control over local areas and effectively maintained the stability of the country.
He actively promoted the development of agriculture and implemented a series of agricultural policies, which greatly improved agricultural production. He also vigorously developed handicrafts and commerce, promoting economic prosperity. He popularized school education and founded the earliest government-run charity in China.
mechanism.
Militarily, he successfully conquered the Tubo tribes, occupied the Qinghai area, bypassed the Western Xia blockade of the Silk Road, opened up a road into Xinjiang from the Qaidam Basin, restored the Silk Road, and established
He conquered the Longyou Protectorate and consolidated the Song Dynasty's rule in the northwest region.
In addition, under his rule, Xixia was forced to surrender to the Song Dynasty, further consolidating the Song Dynasty's position in the western region. He also joined forces with the Jin Kingdom to destroy the feuding Liao Kingdom, and successfully recovered seven of the sixteen states of Yanyun
, contributed to the expansion of the Song Dynasty's territory.
He was one of the few emperors in the Song Dynasty who opened up new territories. When he achieved a series of successes and controlled the army through eunuchs and generals, his confidence increased greatly. When he planned to take action against the civil servants and take back the power monopolized by the civil servants, chaos broke out.
