On July 7, 1937, the Marco Polo Bridge Incident broke out, and the Anti-Japanese War began for eight years. If calculated carefully, the Anti-Japanese War actually lasted fourteen years, starting on September 18, 1931.
Ended on September 2, 1945.
The Anti-Japanese War was the most painful and greatest war against aggression in the history of the Chinese nation.
The Songhu War of Resistance was the prelude to China's comprehensive war of resistance.
Time goes back to July 7, 1937.
Location: Shanghai.
Shanghai was a famous international metropolis in the Far East at that time, with a population of three million. Expatriates from more than 50 countries settled here. Among the settlers, the Japanese were the largest, accounting for more than half of the foreigners in Shanghai.
They mainly gather in the public concessions and cross-border road construction areas in the HK District of Shanghai. Therefore, the Hongkou area is also known as 'Little Tokyo'.
This day is definitely a happy day for Shanghai, because it is the tenth anniversary of the establishment of the Shanghai Municipal Government.
Then on that night, the Japanese army launched an incident at Marco Polo Bridge on the outskirts of Peiping, and then shelled Wanping City, marking the beginning of a full-scale invasion of China.
In July, when the Marco Polo Bridge Incident broke out, the Japanese Marine Corps increased its troops, built fortifications, and conducted drills day and night at various transportation hubs in Hongkou, Shanghai, causing panic. Japanese expatriates along the Yangtze River began to evacuate, and people living in Shanghai and Huaguo began to evacuate.
Chinese people living in the concession also entered the concession one after another to escape.
A storm is coming in Shanghai.
Interestingly, since the September 18th Incident, Japan has stationed a Marine Corps in Shanghai. They often provoke troubles for various reasons. In fact, from this time on, Japan's wolf ambitions have been exposed.
In 1932, the Japanese Navy caused the January 28th Incident in Shanghai and divided its troops into three groups to raid the Zhabei area. At that time, there was a national army in Shanghai, the 19th Route Army. The 19th Route Army rose up to resist and defended to the death.
Shanghai. The battlefield in Shanghai threatened Jianye, the capital, so Guangtou sent the Fifth Army of the Central Army to the Songhu battlefield to support the 19th Route Army.
The January 28th Incident ended with the victory of the National Army. At that time, the Japanese army mainly consisted of the 19th Route Army and the 87th Division and the 88th Division of the Fifth Army. The Japanese army increased its troops three times and changed its commanders four times. The highest peak was the 10th Division.
Thousands of troops were dispatched, hundreds of aircraft were dispatched, and even an aircraft carrier was dispatched.
However, the "Songhu Armistice Agreement" signed subsequently stipulated that Shanghai was designated as a demilitarized zone, and the Japanese troops returned to pre-war defense zones in Hongkou and other places, but the Chinese troops had to withdraw from Shanghai and were not allowed to garrison in Shanghai.
As the July 7th Incident began, Peiping and Tianjin fell one after another. The Japanese army invaded the southern entrance and the Great Wall passes along the route, intending to advance rapidly along the three lines of Jinpu, Pinghan, and Pingsui, and launch a massive attack on the mainland of China.
On the second day of the Marco Polo Bridge Incident, the Communist Party of China issued a message to the whole country: Beijing and Tianjin are in danger, North China is in danger, and the Chinese nation is in danger.
It was proposed that only the implementation of the entire nation's war of resistance is China's way out. The anti-Japanese national united front has been the consistent position of the Red Party since the September 18th Incident.
On July 15th, Baldhead gave a speech in Lushan.
'If a war breaks out, the land will not be divided into north and south, and people will be old and young. No matter who they are, they will have the responsibility to defend the land and resist the war, and they will all be determined to sacrifice everything. We only have the determination to sacrifice to the end and fight to the end.
, in order to win the final victory.'
...
In the Central Plains in August, the heat wave caused by the scorching sun splashed on the loess land, like a huge oven, and the heat wave formed distorted the sight.
In the ditch on the back of the mountain ridge, more than a dozen skinny and ragged farmers were sitting on the ground, tied with a long rope. Among them, a big man was sitting on a stone, and suddenly fell to the ground, his eyes rolled back.
, chapped lips.
The team suddenly became commotion.
"Sir, give this kid some water, otherwise he will die."
Sitting next to the big man was a man in his forties, with a skinny body covered with bones, dark skin, dirty curly hair, a coarse cloth vest covered with stitched patches, and he spoke with a thick accent.
The team of ten people were all tied with ropes. They were escorted by the national army's receiving unit, five soldiers with sallow faces and guns on their backs, wearing grass-green military uniforms. The leading officer wore a helmet and a white strip of cloth on his chest.
It's a chest badge with military rank written on it.
"Forget about the dead ball, it's none of my business." The commander of the receiving unit stepped forward, kicked the big man lying on the ground, and said nonchalantly.
Their trip was to recruit soldiers. They said they were recruiting soldiers, but in fact they were going to pick up young men. These young men were all cannon fodder who were about to be sent to the battlefield to stop the Japanese army on the front line. Life and death had nothing to do with them.
The commander of the receiving unit touched the silver dollars in his pocket and smiled crookedly. These silver dollars are the food and clothing expenses of these strong men. If one person is missing, the clothing expenses and food expenses will be reduced by one cent.
Split into clothing and food expenses.
Therefore, he hopes more than anyone else that these strong men can kill the ball quickly. If they all die, then some of these silver coins will enter his pocket.
Why is it said to be a part of it, because the food expenses and clothing expenses allocated to these strong men were deducted from them through layers of deductions.
Since the end of the first cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party and the beginning of the White Terror, Baldhead destroyed the basic public framework that Mr. Sun had worked so hard to build in one fell swoop. Baldhead suddenly lost control of the grassroots. The final result was that the countryside was occupied by landlords and bullies.
.
As the fighting on the frontline began to become tense and the consumption of soldiers was huge, various localities began to organize recruitment.
At that time, the scope of exemptions stipulated by the government's "Military Service Law" was too large. Public education personnel, intellectuals, school students, industrial and mining technical employees, etc., etc., as many as 23 groups of people could refuse or defer military service.
It also stipulates that people can pay for military service, which directly violates the principle of equality for everyone in military service and seriously reduces the base of soldiers.
The pressure for conscription suddenly focused on rural areas.
However, the government has lost control over the grassroots. The conscription can only be handed over to the localities, and the localities are handed over to the landlords, old wealth, and bullies in the villages. While the squires engage in private fraud, the children of wealthy farmers who are landlords do not actually need to perform military service, and the burden of military service is
It fell entirely on the poor farmers.
This chapter is not finished yet, please click on the next page to continue reading the exciting content! Recruitment was handled by the feudal chief security officer and chief armor. In the countryside at that time, the positions of chief security officer and chief armor were dominated and controlled by landlords and bullies.
They usually live in the fish and meat village, but this is a good thing if they are given the power of life and death. District, township, bao, and A officials at all levels took advantage of this opportunity and happily began to fish continuously.
Recruitment directly turned into recruiting young men.
Even in the process of recruiting lots, various forces manipulated the drawing, making the recruitment unfair.
The deduction of food and clothing expenses left the strong men without any guarantee of three meals a day. They even ate less than the soldiers who were starving, and sometimes they could not even drink a sip of water.
They were not given food and forced to travel. Too many died of starvation and illness. The bodies of the dead men could be left there for several days. In many areas, the number of men who finally reached the front line was less than a hundred of the total number of enlisted soldiers.
Twenty-twenty points.
They often suffered from the poisonous treatment of the escort platoon leader and military service director, who refused to treat their injuries and allowed their wounds to become inflamed, rot, and eventually die.
This resulted in the number of officers and soldiers required on the front line being far from the standard.
For example, the Sixth Theater of the Direct Line, which defends Chongqing, has seventeen divisions, but the shortage is as high as 40,000 men. Even the Chinese Expeditionary Force, which the American advisers are paying close attention to, cannot be fully staffed. Each unit can only be deployed when it is not full.
Under the circumstances, go abroad to fight.
Baldhead still attaches great importance to the "Military Service Law" and has high expectations for the implementation of the Military Service Law. On the one hand, he hopes to expand the army through conscription, and on the other hand, he also hopes to refresh the national spirit with militarized training.
However, things always backfire.
In response to the various tragedies that happened to young men, Baldhead also issued various instructions many times to ensure and improve the treatment of young men, and even micro-managed them to very detailed levels.
He once stipulated: "The campsite for recruits must have at least mats, straw mats, two inches thicker, and quilts. Three meals of rice and tea should be prepared every day. When marching, porridge should also be prepared on the way."
However, the money allocated was being withheld at every level by the superiors of each class, and the last silver dollar spent on the young man was still being withheld by the unit that escorted the young man to receive troops.
In 1944, Jiang Menglin, then president of the Red Cross Society of China, wrote a report after inspecting the recruitment of young men in Nanyun, Nanhu and Xiguang:
“On the way, I saw old men, as skinny as firewood, lying on the roadside dying of illness; or looking like corpses, wandering along the mountain road; or lying dead on the roadside, letting dogs chew them. If you hide what you see and hear and don’t talk about it, you are really responsible.
The knowledge of Junzuo."
"Three hundred strong men came from Shaoguan, and only 27 were left in Zhizhu. One thousand, eight hundred people came from Jiangxi, and only more than 150 were left in Zhizhu. A thousand people came from Longtan District, and only 100 were left in Zhizhu.
The rest."
"On the roads in Xiangxi and Xiguang, I repeatedly saw wild dogs fighting for the bodies of young men who had been thrown away due to death... In some places, young men were buried, but the burial was too hasty and often exposed.
One leg or foot is on the ground, and some seem to be still twitching there, maybe not completely dead yet."
"...Outside Yanggui City, there is a place where strong men pass. Because there are too many abandoned corpses, the air is filled with a strong stench."
Those who can reach the camp alive think they are safe, but hell has just begun.
Many strong men made it to the training camp alive, but were tortured to death by officers or diseases before going to the battlefield.
A telegram from the Military Command Department of the National Army said, "According to a regiment commander of the National Army: 'Our soldiers are either fat or thin. The thin ones are definitely malnourished, while the fat ones... are not really fat, but bloated. The whole regiment has daily
Deaths, sometimes as many as twenty.'"
In the camp, the young men were already sick... The superiors were indifferent, but ordered them to continue with the exercises as usual. Those who were unable to perform operations due to illness were often beaten with wooden sticks or poles. Every punishment would cause the young men to be bloody and bloody.
Either dead or crippled. Some people were even shot for minor reasons, and some were beaten to death or thrown into rivers and rocky valleys while traveling because they were unable to move quickly due to illness. This is the most cruel thing in the world.
Zhou Jiantao was the commander of the Lu (Prefecture) division in SC Province at the time. He said: "When the young men arrived in the division management area to replenish the regiment, the treatment was not much better. In 1939, each young man was provided with 22 taels of food per day, but the Kuomintang troops
Many logistics officials are vicious exploiters. Rice is mixed with sand, and the big scale weighs in, and the small scale weighs out. Regiment-level cadres give a discount to the company, and company-level cadres deduct it again, and the strong men can only eat it every day.
To a dozen taels of brown rice with sand."
During the eight years of the Anti-Japanese War, 15.88 million troops were recruited, but only 11.78 million troops were actually recruited. According to statistics from later mainland scholars, the national army recruited a total of 1,440 troops during the Anti-Japanese War.
There are about a million strong men, but the frontline troops received only about 5 million additional soldiers, which means that 8 million people died or disappeared during the recruitment and escort process.
...
When Xia Yuan woke up, he realized his situation and smiled bitterly.
He was a platoon leader during the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, but he became a strong man when he arrived here.
When the commander who received the troops saw Xia Yuan waking up, he kicked him and sneered: "You idiot, why don't you pretend to be dead? Give me a beating."
Three or four soldiers came up with guns and hit Xia Yuan's body and forehead with the butts of their guns. His already weak body became even more unbearable. He held his breath and silently remembered the faces of these people in his heart. Waiting
Those who have recovered by themselves must be killed.
The group of people got tired of the beating and left cursing.
A dozen strong men squatted together, staring at Xia Yuan who was lying on the ground. When the officers and soldiers left, a strong man pushed the people around him: "Old man Wang, go and see if the fool will be beaten."
Just die."
Old Man Wang was the middle-aged man who first asked Xia Yuan for water. He was in his forties or fifties, but he looked like a man in his sixties or seventies. His face was covered with wrinkles, and there was black mud wrapped in the wrinkles, and there was loess on his body.
.
"What a fool, what a fool."
Old Man Wang shouted in a low voice and kicked Xia Yuan's legs. He turned around and glanced at the strong men behind him. Seeing that they were unreliable, he squatted on the ground and groped forward, reaching out and grabbing Xia Yuan's feet.
Xia Yuan opened his eyes, looked down, and a memory emerged in his mind. His former name was Xia Yuan, and he was a villager in Xiajia Village. He was a bit silly.
In 1937, after the Marco Polo Bridge Incident broke out, the Japanese army attempted to destroy China within three months, and a full-scale war of aggression against China broke out. The National Army became the main force resisting the Japanese army, and military expansion was imminent. With the promulgation of the Military Service Law, the National Army began a large-scale
of military expansion, but the process of military expansion was quite rough.
This group of people were captured by the landlords of Xiajia Village, Donglingou and Liushulin Villages. They were captured by the chief and the security chief. There were more than a hundred of them. They walked dozens of kilometers and many people died along the way.
When we got here, there were only a dozen of them left. In order to prevent them from escaping, these soldiers tied them up with ropes, just like leading a herd of cattle and sheep.
The dead were buried casually by the roadside, and some were not even buried, but simply thrown into a field of grass.
Dasha also died on the road, but he traveled through time and Dasha came back to life.