Sichuan is known as the "Land of Abundance". Since the An-Shi Rebellion in the previous dynasty, the separatist rule and wars in vassal towns have led to a massive peasant uprising, which has dealt a heavy blow to and wiped out the aristocratic landlord class. At the same time, the Wei Dynasty was established for Taizu Lin, who was not of noble origin.
The foundation was laid, but the butt determines the head. When the Lin Dynasty was established, what they represented changed from the interests of the ordinary people to the interests of the landlord class. The free sale of land became the main way for the landlord class to obtain land. Wei Chu's
The "non-establishment of land system" is exactly the reflection of the recognition of this situation by the supreme ruler. Tenancy system has become the main form of exploitation by landlords. Tenants usually give half or even more of their harvest to landlords as land rent. Tenants are mainly customers in their household registration.
, this no longer refers specifically to outsider households in the Tang Dynasty, but refers to "guest households" without land or real estate. For urban and rural residents who own land or real estate, they are called principal households, regardless of whether they are local households or migrant households.
Rural households are divided into five classes. Usually the first, second and third class households are called upper households. The second and third class households are also called middle households and belong to the landlord class. The fourth and fifth class households are called lower households and belong to the peasant class.
In the first-class households, there are both small landowners and wealthy farmers; while in the fifth-class households, a considerable number of households have very little property and need to rent part of the land, and their status is similar to that of the customers. Most of the customers are tenants, but there are also a small number of them.
With the land, they even became relatively wealthy farmers, some became traders, and a very small number of households even became wealthy merchants. In the Wei Dynasty, the urban household registration was listed separately, called Fangguo household, which was also divided into owners and customers. The main basis is as follows:
There is no permanent property to distinguish, and the main household is divided into ten grades according to the amount of property.
The proportion of main customers in the household registration reflects local class relations to a certain extent. In areas with relatively developed economies, the proportion of main customers is usually relatively large, accounting for nearly 80% to 90%, such as
Suzhou and Hangzhou in the south of the Yangtze River; and in economically backward areas, the proportion of main households is often smaller, and some only account for about 25%, or even less than 17%, such as Jiazhou in central Sichuan (today's Leshan, Sichuan), Changzhou
Prefecture (now Dazu, Chongqing) Although the tenancy system has been dominant in the Wei Dynasty for two hundred years, in the Sichuan-Sichuan region, except for the plains of western Sichuan, many households in the mountainous areas are still in the period of feudal serfdom.
From the great chaos at the end of the Tang Dynasty to the establishment of the Wei Dynasty, the actual rulers of each region during this period either wanted to expand or protect their territory, so they had to maintain a huge army, which required a lot of military expenditures; and almost all rulers had
Most of the people who proclaimed themselves kings and emperors were extravagant and lustful, so they created clever names one after another and stepped up the exploitation of the people within the territory. Class conflicts have become very acute. The Wei Dynasty generally inherited the various exploitation systems of the original rulers in the newly conquered areas, and those that were abolished
Exorbitant taxes and miscellaneous taxes were not high, and some places took the opportunity to plunder, further aggravating class conflicts. During the unification war of the Wei Dynasty, peasant uprisings continued to occur in various places, mostly shortly after the conquest of the Wei Dynasty. The old and new regimes alternated, and the rule was relatively weakened.
However, Sichuan is an exception - it has remained a powder keg after more than a hundred years of rule by the Wei Dynasty.
The Anshi Rebellion at the end of the Tang Dynasty and the peasant uprising at the end of the Tang Dynasty did not touch Sichuan, and it became the refuge of Emperor Xuanzong and Emperor Xizong of the Tang Dynasty. For many years, Wei Taizu was busy conquering the Central Plains, Hebei, Guanzhong, Jiangnan and other areas, and paid little attention to Sichuan, so Shu
Compared with other regions in the Wei Dynasty, the Sichuan-Sichuan region, except for the Western Sichuan Plain near Chengdu, was relatively backward, especially in the mountainous areas, where serfdom still accounted for a large proportion, basically
The above are tenants called "side households" (clients), accounting for more than half of the total households in many states, and some even as high as 80%. Landowners called wealthy landlords often own dozens, or even several households.
Hundreds or even thousands of "side households", passed down from generation to generation, not only pay high rents to the landlords, but also bear the taxes and corvees that should be borne by the landlords. They work under the supervision of the landlords and encourage them.
They work as slaves and live a life inferior to that of cattle and horses. Class conflicts are very acute.
When the Wei Dynasty destroyed Hou Shu, it once asked the states to report on the excessive taxes and miscellaneous taxes imposed by Hou Shu, and planned to exempt some of them. However, it was not implemented because of the obstruction of the Leng Jiajun, the actual occupying army in Shu. The Leng Jiajun pacified Shu.
The generals took advantage of their merits and acted arrogantly. The generals secretly opened the treasury and embezzled treasures. The military academy plundered their children and robbed money and materials. It can be said that except for a few generals, all of them did whatever they wanted, which aroused the resentment of the soldiers and civilians of the original Shu region. However, the Leng family army relied on its strong troops and horses, and did not
Taking these objections seriously, they have been implementing high-pressure rule over Shuzhong
In order to have more funds to maintain and expand the army, the Leng family army also set up official handicraft workshops in Chengdu, Zizhou, and Yuzhou to manufacture brocade, qi and other precious silk fabrics, which were supplied to the emperor's relatives and high-ranking ladies.
The land tax reform was to use cloth as a discount, which was called "Ke Zhe"; a "market buying market" was set up to buy folk cloth and silk at low prices, which was called "Heshi"; because of the autumn Linjiang Reform, the crooked-mouthed monk of the Leng family
He also ruined the scriptures and set up a "Bo Buying Service". All folk woven fabrics were purchased at low prices. Merchants were strictly prohibited from trafficking in Sichuan and Sichuan. The Sichuan and Sichuan areas were also important tea production areas. Bo Buying Service also established a tea monopoly system.
The purchase, transportation, and sale of tea are all controlled by the Leng family. They also implement a policy of purchasing tea at a low price and selling it uniformly. The tea trade in border minority areas is completely controlled by the government, with huge profits and corruption.
Officials took advantage of the opportunity to extort money and committed all kinds of crimes. As social conflicts became increasingly acute, the Leng family, which controlled a large amount of land, purchased tea at low prices from tea farmers but sold rice at high prices, causing many tea farmers to go bankrupt and cut off their livelihood.
The most critical uprising in the past two hundred years of the Wei Dynasty finally broke out in this land of abundance. Its most important significance is to show that the social contradictions in the Wei Dynasty have become so intense that "if it does not break out in silence, it will perish in silence." At the same time,
It also kicked off the subsequent major uprisings that broke out in other areas...
This Sichuan peasant armed uprising was first led by Huang Xiaobo. Huang Xiaobo was a native of Yongkang Army Qingcheng Weijiang (now south of Guanxian County, Sichuan). Qingcheng Weijiang was one of the eight major tea-producing areas in Sichuan. Huang Xiaobo himself grew and sold tea.
There are two types of raw tea: coarse tea and fine tea. Fine tea is mostly monopolized by big merchants and wealthy merchants. Coarse tea is more abundant and cheaper. Tea farmers grow, transport and sell it themselves. They are mainly sold in Tubo and Dali. This is a way to make a living.
As soon as the new law came out, any tea was "forbidden to leave the country and the people were not allowed to sell it." This cut off the vitality of tea farmers who made a living by selling crude tea.
After Huang Xiaobo received the support of senior tea vendor An Shu, he led the local poor farmers to stage an uprising in Qingcheng County. At the beginning of the uprising, he said to the poor farmers participating in the uprising, "I am sick and the rich are unequal, and now it is your fault."
", clearly put forward the battle slogan of "equalizing the wealth and poverty". This slogan is extremely powerful. Once it was put forward, it received enthusiastic support and response from the vast number of poor farmers.
, the rebel army grew from two hundred to thousands, and from thousands to tens of thousands.
Under the leadership of Huang Xiaobo, the rebel army quickly captured Qingcheng County. After winning the first battle, they advanced and attacked Qiongzhou, Shuzhou and other places. They captured Pengshan County in one fell swoop and killed all the county residents.
Ling Qi Fang Zhen Qi Fang Zhen was an official who was specially commended by the imperial court for his so-called "innocent and strong cadre". But in fact, he colluded with powerful people, committed corruption and extortion, committed many crimes, accumulated and hid a large amount of property, and the people were extremely angry. The rebel army plundered him from the people.
All the acquired property was given to poor farmers, embodying the slogan of "equalizing the wealth and poverty" with practical actions. This measure greatly inspired the farmers. Farmers in nearby counties responded one after another, and the uprising team continued to expand.
Then, Huang Xiaobo, whose strength had greatly increased, led the rebel army to attack the strategically important Jiangyuan County. Stationed in Jiangyuan was the Leng Family Army's Chengyu Fourth Guards. The commander of the Fourth Guards, Zhang Huanzhi, looked down upon the so-called "tens of thousands of troops" at all.
In his eyes, how can these mud-legged people be called an army? They are simply a mob that goes into battle with just a stick. With the 5,600 "Flying Ax Army" under his command, he can definitely easily defeat the rebels and annihilate them all in one fell swoop.
He had even imagined how majestic he would look when he went to the Marshal's Mansion in Chengdu to celebrate his achievements and receive his reward, all dressed up. By then, perhaps the Marshal and the fifth lady would realize that Zhang Huanzhi was indeed a famous general in the world, and then agree to his marriage proposal.
If we talk about famous armies in the world, the imperial center and the four border towns each have their own characteristics. The imperial court has the "Mo Dao Team", the Yun family has the "Yanyun Cavalry", the Zhou family has the "Lance Formation", and the Jiang family has the "Giant Crossbow Ship"
, and the Leng family has the "Flying Ax Army"
These five distinctive military services can be said to have their own strengths. The imperial court's Mo Dao team cost a lot of money, but its power is also extremely powerful. The Mo Dao is extremely sharp. When all the troops equipped with Mo Dao stand on the battlefield, even the Mobei Iron Cavalry can
Don't dare to use your front straight, otherwise the Mo Dao will strike down with one blow, and you and your horse will end up with four petals. Before the founding of the Wei Dynasty, Emperor Taizu Wu used the powerful Mo Dao team to conquer the enemy.
The trouble with the Modao Army in the world is that it is extremely expensive. This weapon is difficult to build and maintenance is not cheap. In addition, the quality requirements of the Modao Army soldiers are very high. If there is not enough strength, no matter how sharp the weapon is, it will be useless.
The Yanyun Cavalry of the Yun family is capable of both long and near combat. The standard weapons of the Yan Yun Cavalry are a riding bow and a single-sided long halberd (generally slightly longer than the infantry halberd, with a slightly smaller crescent and a more prominent tip). According to the classification of later generations,
, belongs to the light cavalry, and its combat is divided into two categories. One is harassment combat, which means shooting arrows from a distance. If the enemy is chasing, they will move around, but not allowing the enemy to rest; the other is a typical cavalry charge.
The formation of Yan Yunqi, a unit that can fight at both distance and near, and is very powerful in raiding and storming, is unique in the Wei Dynasty. Of course, this has something to do with the scarcity of horses in the Wei Dynasty. It is the Yun family
a big advantage
The Zhou family's spear formation is very interesting. According to Yun Zheng, the Zhou family's spearmen are more like European spearmen than Chinese spearmen. The spear infantry is a type of heavy infantry and is generally used to deal with cavalry charges. They hold long spears.
, will also be equipped with a short sword, and the armor on the body is mostly chain mail. When fighting against the cavalry, the spear in the hands of the cavalry is a fatal threat to the cavalry. The spear infantry usually fights in the form of a phalanx, such as the most famous Macedonian square in history.
The defensive formations of the infantry formation and the Roman spear corps can effectively control the threat posed by the opponent's heavy cavalry charge to one's own infantry. In addition to this feature, the Zhou family's spear formation has very sophisticated armor and can withstand it to a certain extent.
The Xixia people's bows and arrows restrained the Xixia cavalry. If the Yun family's field battles with the Liao Kingdom relied on cavalry to defeat them, then the Zhou family's victory over cavalry was completely based on foot. To do this well, the quality of the soldiers is also very important.
Facing the impact of the cavalry, soldiers must not have the slightest fear. Instead, they must move forward bravely and face the attack with guns drawn in order to win. Therefore, the Zhou family's ability to compete with the Yun family in the court has its basis of strength. Yun is by no means lucky.
The reason why Zheng pays special attention to the hand crossbow is because the hand crossbow can be equipped by the cavalry. At the same time, the hand crossbow is much more powerful than the cavalry bow and can shoot through the armor of the pikemen. If Yan Yunqi is equipped with such a hand crossbow, then once
The result of a war with an army like Zhou's Long Lancers is bound to be a devastating victory.
The Jiang family's giant crossbow is a warship equipped with a huge crossbow. The ship's crossbow is actually a type of bed crossbow. One or several large bows are installed on the bed frame, and the axle at the rear is twisted to open the bow and load the arrows.
, the large multi-bow bed crossbow that is ready for launch can be used by multiple people to twist the shaft and use the combined force of several bows to fire arrows. Its ejection power far exceeds that of a single person using a Zhang, Zhang or waist-guided crossbow. Jiangjia relies on its advanced
The bednu and the Wei Dynasty's world-leading shipbuilding technology, their fleets traveled across the South China Sea and the South Ocean, and sometimes even sailed to the Western Ocean (actually the Indian Ocean) to show off their power. They have never encountered an opponent. They can be said to be the number one maritime military force of this era.
, and the Jiang family's giant crossbow ship is similar to the battleships of later generations before the birth of aircraft carriers. It is simply "if you can't rely on the sky, who can compete with you?"
As for the Leng Family Army's Flying Ax Army, it is even more unique. Their other standard weapons are similar to the Central Army of the imperial court (without the Mo Dao), but there is an extra special weapon: the Flying Ax Army of the Leng Family Army.
The ax is a short-handled double-sided axe. It is small and weighs about four kilograms. Each soldier is equipped with five throwing axes that can be thrown during combat. The throwing ax is powerful enough to disembowel a warrior wearing good armor.
Breaking the belly is one of the most powerful weapons against heavy infantry, and it also poses a relatively large threat to the enemy's well-equipped generals. However, according to Yunzheng's original impression from his modest military knowledge, the throwing ax seems to be
The Franks in Europe are the most famous. The name Frank seems to come from a kind of throwing ax they use. This kind of throwing ax is called francisque (German: franziska) in French. The Franks have a national characteristic weapon, the throwing ax, which can be thrown and embedded in the opponent's shield.
, pulling it back can destroy the shield. Whenever they rush close to the enemy's line, the Frankish warriors will launch powerful throwing axes, darts, hooks, sickles, and javelins to chop down the enemies or split their shields, and then immediately
They launched a charge, but the Leng family's throwing ax didn't seem to have the function of being directly recycled on the battlefield. Of course, it wasn't Frank's larger throwing ax. It was a disposable combat weapon on the battlefield (recycled after the war), and it was very powerful.
Using such an elite regular ax army to deal with a group of farmers who had just climbed out of the mud, Zhang Huanzhi felt that he had no reason to fail.
Therefore, he decided to lead his army to attack instead of waiting for the rebels to attack the city!
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