Chapter 159 Your research is wrong, but your research is too
"The study of Goldbach's conjecture is only S level in difficulty?"
Wang Hao was indeed very surprised. He had always thought that the world's top mathematical problems would be S+ level in difficulty, such as the NS equation.
But if you think about it carefully, you can understand it.
The NS equation is not only a mathematical problem, but also a systematic study. It is a very complex problem. Because of this, it can be selected as one of the seven major mathematical conjectures of the millennium.
Goldbach's conjecture is very famous, but it was not selected as the Millennium Mathematics Conjecture. One of the reasons is that it is just a mathematical problem related to prime numbers.
Of course, the difficulty of a research cannot be judged by the Millennium Mathematics Conjecture. After all, there are some factors of human judgment involved.
From another perspective, it can be understood by comparing it with the Kakutani conjecture.
The Kakutani conjecture is just an 'incidental research' to S-level research results. The research is mainly about mathematical methods to solve a type of problem, which includes the Kakutani conjecture, as well as other conjectures and problems.
The main results of this research are mathematical methods, not problems that the methods can solve.
Goldbach's conjecture is a question related to prime numbers. It is slightly more difficult than Kakutani's conjecture, but in the end, it is just a mathematics question.
From this perspective, S-level difficulty is already very high.
The main reason why Goldbach's conjecture is well-known is that it is easy to understand. Even elementary school students can understand it and even think about it deeply.
In addition, the conjecture has been circulating for more than two hundred years and has been continuously proposed by the mathematical community, so it will naturally become very famous.
In this way, Wang Hao also gained a more detailed understanding of the system's judgment of the difficulty of R&D projects.
To put it simply, questions with difficulty levels below D are ordinary questions.
Level D difficulty has reached the level of scientific research and can be said to be innovative research.
Level C difficulty has certain application value or is much more difficult, reaching the ordinary SCI level. Some excellent applied research will have great influence.
Level B difficulty can be said to be at the level of top journals. The research may not necessarily have much application, but the difficulty is definitely very high.
Level A difficulty is not a problem that can be solved generally. It is like the innovation of large number multiplication algorithm. Problems of similar difficulty may not have progressed for more than ten or twenty years.
S-level difficulty is already the top research and the most difficult question. Every S-level research can be said to shock the world.
At S+ level difficulty, it is difficult to make a judgment.
Wang Hao's understanding of S+ level difficulty is systematic engineering, or research that can lead to great progress in theory or technology.
After deciding to study Goldbach's conjecture, Wang Hao also started preliminary work.
He first found a lot of relevant information and papers.
Then, start researching.
These papers are all related to Goldbach's conjecture, including Mr. Chen Jingrun's proof paper on '1+2'. The name of the paper is "Representing a large even number as the sum of a prime number and the product of no more than two prime numbers."
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1+2, of course, does not mean 1+2=3.
Goldbach's conjecture appeared in 1742.
At that time, Goldbach proposed the following conjecture in his letter to Euler: Any integer greater than 2 can be written as the sum of three prime numbers.
Goldbach couldn't prove it himself, so he wrote to ask the famous mathematician Euler to help prove it.
However, Euler could not prove it until his death.
However, Euler still conducted a lot of research. In his reply to Goldbach's conjecture, he proposed another equivalent version, which is now the most widely circulated version, that is, 'Any even number greater than 2 can be written as
The sum of two prime numbers'.
Because of this, there is a saying of ‘1+1’.
1+1 is the sum of two prime numbers.
What Chen Jingrun proved about ‘1+2’ is that ‘any sufficiently large even number can be expressed as the sum of two prime numbers, or the sum of a prime number and a semi-prime number’.
The method he used was the most classic ‘sieving method’.
Historically, all progress in proving Goldbach's conjecture has used the sieve method. The sieve method, also known as the sieve method, is easy to understand.
First, arrange the natural numbers in order, starting with the number 1. 1 is not a prime number or a composite number, so it must be crossed out.
The second number 2 is left as a prime number, and all numbers after 2 that are divisible by 2 are crossed out.
The first uncrossed number after 2 is 3. Leave 3 behind and cross out all the numbers after 3 that are divisible by 3.
The first uncrossed number after 3 is 5, leave 5, and then cross out all the numbers after 5 that are divisible by 5...
If you continue to do this, all the composite numbers not exceeding N will be screened out, leaving all the prime numbers not exceeding N.
This method sounds very simple. In fact, because the screening process is endless, mathematical analysis methods must be used, which involves combinatorial mathematics problems.
Combinatorial mathematics can, to a certain extent, be discrete mathematics.
In a broad sense, the analysis of combinatorial numbers is discrete mathematics, but in terms of practical application, combinatorial mathematics in a narrow sense is the remaining part of discrete mathematics after removing graph theory, algebraic structure, and mathematical logic.
Discrete mathematics is Wang Hao’s ‘specialty’.
Therefore, Wang Hao easily understood Chen Jingrun’s research paper and understood the logic of the method.
At the same time, I also made a judgment - just like the common view in the mathematics community, Mr. Chen Jingrun has applied the sieve method to the extreme and has only completed the proof of '1+2'.
In other words, this road is impossible.
Just like the study of the exact value of π, even if a computer is used to calculate tens of billions of digits, it is impossible to obtain an accurate value of π. π can still only be represented by symbols, not an exact number.
In other words, it is impossible to solve an irrational number simply using calculation methods, and it is impossible to prove the '1+1' problem using the 'sieve method'.
Wang Hao put down the paper in his hand and couldn't help but sigh, "It's so difficult to prove Goldbach's conjecture!"
He sighed. Another reason was that after reading several related papers, the task inspiration value only increased by a pitiful 1 point.
This shows that the ‘sieving method’ simply won’t work.
No matter how many similar research papers you read, it will not help you solve Goldbach's conjecture. It will even affect your own thinking and judgment, which will have a negative effect on your research.
"It seems that we still need to find new methods, and group theory is a good starting point." Wang Hao thought.
Next to Zhang Zhiqiang, listening to Wang Hao's whisper, he couldn't help but curled his lips, "Goldbach's conjecture is difficult? I also said that Riemann's conjecture is difficult!"
He came over curiously and asked, "Wang Hao, why did you start studying Goldbach's conjecture?"
Wang Hao said depressedly, "Because I can't find the direction, I have been studying the NS equation, but the research got stuck and there was no progress, so I wanted to change the direction."
"Isn't this span too big?" Zhang Zhiqiang twitched his lips, "NS equations, Goldbach's conjecture, from partial differential equations to number theory, I always feel that you should specialize and study in one direction."
He seemed to be filled with emotion as he spoke, and said with emotion, "It's just like life. Only by being dedicated can you reap your own love."
"The same goes for you, Wang Hao. What do you think, don't you consider finding a girlfriend? I've been here for you, Brother Zhang. If you have any emotional problems, you can definitely ask me."
Wang Hao looked at Zhang Zhiqiang strangely, looked at him carefully, and asked, "Do you have a girlfriend?"
"this……"
"Have you found someone you like? Are you pursuing it 'dedicatedly'?"
"This...haha..."
Wang Hao suddenly understood and nodded, "So, you haven't caught her yet, right? That means you don't have a girlfriend yet."
Zhang Zhiqiang suddenly said depressedly, "You don't have to hit people like this, right? You don't either."
"This is different."
Wang Haodao, "I am single proactively, but you are passive, and you are ten years older than me."
"No matter how nice you say it, you are still single!" Zhang Zhiqiang retorted firmly.
Wang Hao shrugged nonchalantly.
At this time, there was a female doctoral student wearing glasses at the door. She knocked on the door and walked into the office. She looked at Wang Hao with admiration and said in an extremely gentle voice, "Teacher Wang, your theory of annihilation force is really amazing."
, I read your analysis and research and was completely attracted by the descriptions inside."
"I believe that it must be the most amazing prediction in physics and will become a Nobel-level discovery."
Zhang Zhiqiang felt numb all over after hearing this, and sat aside full of envy and jealousy.
"oh……"
Wang Hao was a little surprised. When other people talked about his research, they usually talked about mathematics. Why did they suddenly talk about annihilation force?
The force of annihilation is just a 'small analysis' he did, without even establishing a mathematical foundation, and there is not a single relevant paper.
"My name is Wang Yue, and I am doing superconducting research with Teacher Xiao Xinyu."
Wang Yue introduced himself and then said, "By the way, Teacher Xiao asked me to come over and ask you when you have time to go to the physics laboratory and say..."
She took a deep breath and then said, "We may have found evidence of the existence of the annihilation force!"
"——??"
Wang Hao was shocked when he heard this news. This news was so unexpected.
Zhang Zhiqiang also became surprised and asked curiously, "Your physics laboratory has found evidence of the existence of eye annihilation force. Are you kidding me?"
Wang Yue glanced at Zhang Zhiqiang and said, "This is the conclusion reached by Teacher Xiao and Professor He, so I made a special trip."
She explained in a calm tone, and then looked at Wang Hao with admiration, "Teacher Wang, when do you have time?"
"It's available now."
Hearing this situation, Wang Hao definitely couldn't sit still, so he simply went to the physics laboratory with Wang Yue.
Zhang Zhiqiang looked at the backs of the two people and couldn't help but said depressedly, "Women nowadays really have no discernment. Wang Hao looks just average, just a little younger. Isn't that right? A man in his thirties is like a flower. The more mature he is, the more attractive he is."
"
After he finished speaking, he looked at Luo Dayong, seemingly seeking support.
Luo Dayong found another mirror from nowhere and placed it in front of Zhang Zhiqiang. Zhang Zhiqiang took a look and found that his hair in the mirror was much thinner.
The more Zhang Zhiqiang read, the more depressed he became, and asked Xiang Luo Dayong, "What do you mean?"
"Give it to you."
Luo Dayong finished speaking very calmly, as if he had just done something inconspicuous, so he continued to turn his head and look out the window, humming a song -
"I have no direction, how can I have strength? I have no dreams, so how can I realize them? Thank you for exposing my cowardly side..."
Zhang Zhiqiang felt a little confused. He searched for one of the lyrics out of curiosity, and when he looked at the search results, his head was filled with black lines.
The title of the song is, "See Yourself Clearly".
…
Physics laboratory.
He Yi, Xiao Xinyu, Yan Jing and others were discussing the recent experiment.
Wang Hao knocked on the office door and was immediately warmly welcomed in.
Xiao Xinyu introduced, "Professor Wang, I asked you to come this time because we may have discovered the 'annihilation force' you mentioned in the superconducting experiment."
"...What experiment?" Wang Hao's tone was full of disbelief, because it was so strange.
If it is in microscopic experiments such as particle collisions, through a large amount of data analysis, it is possible to find traces of the annihilation force.
But, superconducting experiments?
The superconducting experiment is not a microscopic physics experiment, so how can it be possible to discover microscopic forces in the experiment?
Xiao Xinyu explained.
They have just completed the 'Communicated Gravity' experiment.
The theory of ‘exchange gravity’ was proposed by Dr. Li Ning thirty years ago.
Li Ning, a physicist at the Center for Space Plasma and Upper Atmosphere Physics at the University of Alabama at Americus, believes that ions in Bose-Einstein condensates are trapped in a high-temperature superconductor disk with a variable magnetic field.
When it is medium, the anti-gravity effect can be achieved, and its lattice structure can store a large amount of energy. Theoretically, this will produce a gravity-like field, which can increase or decrease the influence of gravity.
Li Ning calls it ‘communication gravity’.
The experiment produced a beam-like effect above the disk, affecting matter at a distance.
This supports the theory of communicative gravity.
When Li Ning proposed this theory, it was not taken seriously at all, because anti-gravity was too advanced, and the theory of AC gravity sounded like science fiction.
However, 20 years ago, during the anti-gravity experiment in a magnetic field, the Dutch team unexpectedly discovered that the objects on the disk were reduced by 2% under the influence of gravity.
This means that anti-gravity has achieved new results.
After that, there was no relevant news in the international physics community. It is said that the Ministry of National Defense of Amerikan took over the relevant research.
It has been 20 years now and no other news has been released.
The physics laboratory just wants to study "superconducting antigravity". They hope to see the phenomenon of "gravity reduction".
Of course, it ultimately failed.
There may be many reasons for failure, but failure is also expected, because there is no reference for relevant experiments except some published information.
Domestically, the phenomenon of ‘anti-gravity’ has not yet been discovered in superconducting experiments.
Even a failed experiment has brought a lot of results. Every large-scale experiment in physics can be said to be progress. Whether there are results or no results, some relevant results can be analyzed and studied based on the experimental data.
.
Whether it is experience summary or theoretical derivation, it is very valuable.
For example, this "failed" experiment, which took several months to prepare, cost more than half a million yuan, and was completed with meticulous work and reduced materials, is enough to summarize and complete several papers.
Of course, after spending more than half a million yuan to write just a few papers, it can definitely be said to be a 'loss'.
When summarizing experimental data in the physics laboratory, a strange problem was discovered——
‘Quality deviation’ of superconducting materials before and after experiments.
Although the mass deviation of the superconducting material after the experiment is very small, normally it will not be noticed in particular, but when thinking of the annihilation force mentioned by Wang Hao, to a certain extent, it can also be understood that the 'annihilation force comes into play, resulting in
The quality deviation of superconducting materials?
He Yi and Xiao Zhenyu hope to understand it this way.
Of course, even they themselves know that this statement is really untenable, and the possibility of errors in experimental measurement data is higher.
So after Xiao Xinyu came out of the explanation, he looked at Wang Hao with some expectation, but more of he was not confident, "Professor Wang, what do you think?"
Wang Hao shook his head silently.
He knew it was impossible as soon as he heard it. The annihilation force was aimed at the mass unit. Even for electrons, relative to the mass unit, it might be very, very large.
Will a superconducting material lose a large number of electrons due to experiments, resulting in a reduction in mass?
Maybe it's possible, but it's definitely not detectable.
It's like using an ordinary scale to weigh a cow. If you walk over and pluck a hair from the cow, you won't be able to weigh it at all.
However, it actually makes sense for Xiao Zhenyu and He Yi to understand it this way, because they do not have a clear concept of the annihilation force. At most, they have read the narrative article published by Wang Hao.
The introduction of that article is very vague, and it is not very precise. Only by combining the mathematical analysis and research of the disappearance of the hyperon decay signal detected by the spectrometer, can we have a deeper understanding of the speculation of the 'annihilation force'.
Wang Hao was about to shake his head in denial when he suddenly received a system prompt——
[Task three, inspiration value +13.]
[Inspiration value: 29.]
"??"
He was stunned immediately.
Because no exact direction can be found, research related to annihilation force has not obtained inspiration value for a long time.
It has risen so much now?
Combined with the information obtained in the brain, it can be confirmed that the discovery of annihilation force has a certain relationship with superconductivity. In other words, superconducting experiments are also a method of discovering annihilation force.
Wang Hao nodded vigorously, "Professor Xiao, Professor He, your research is so important."
"Although the mass loss of superconducting materials is definitely not related to the annihilation force, I think your experiment may have a certain relationship with the annihilation force."
"——?"
This time it was Xiao Zhenyu and He Yi's turn to be surprised. They said they had discovered the annihilation force, but they were only analyzing a very slim possibility.
In the end, Wang Hao denied their possibility, but still said that the superconducting experiment was related to the annihilation force?