Chapter 216 Submission to Nature magazine opens a new chapter in the world of physics
Round Superconducting Competition!
One week later.
The funding from the Science Foundation has been allocated, and the funding is very fast, probably because of the urging from the physics laboratory.
For the Superconducting Office, early appropriation and late appropriation are the same. Anyway, they are the funding targets for this year, so there is no point in delaying the allocation of funds.
Funds are in place.
The physics laboratory began preparations for the experiment and purchased a large number of materials required for the experiment.
At the same time, the experiment is about to begin.
This time, more core personnel participated in the experiment.
Mainly divided into two teams.
The first team is the personnel involved in the project from the physics laboratory, including Xiang Qiansheng, He Yi, Xiao Xinyu, Yan Jing, and Zhao Chuanxin.
The other team is researchers from Factory 244, including Liu Yunli, Ruan Weiping, Xue Chang and Wang Qiang.
Since he was well prepared in terms of theory, Wang Hao directly explained the work and selected three metals for experiments in various directions.
The meeting also discussed the selected metals, and finally decided on lead, mercury and tin. The main consideration was the cost issue. The three metals are not expensive, and the superconducting critical temperature is acceptable. Among them, tin has the lowest critical temperature, only 3.722K. Lead has the highest critical temperature, which is 7.193K.
Then there is the experimental assignment.
The team of Factory 244 has moved here. The base is a hundred kilometers away from Xihai City. Transportation and communications are quite convenient. Their equipment is also very complete, no worse than the physics laboratory. As long as there is enough funds, experiments can be completed.
The projects of the two teams are merged and the funds are managed uniformly.
Wang Hao directly assigned the experimental tasks. Six experiments were required for three metals, and they were divided in half. Each team was responsible for three experiments.
Before the experiment was announced and officially started, he still emphasized the data issue, "Experimental data is the most important, especially the temperature that stimulates the AC field. It must have accurate values. All data must have ultra-high accuracy..."
Wang Hao also talked about a problem in particular, "A problem may arise in the experiment. Everyone must pay special attention to it. When the superconducting critical temperature is not reached, the intensity of the AC gravity field may be higher."
"The likelihood of this happening is not high."
"If it occurs, you must pay attention to the real-time values, so during the experiment, you must be more careful and write down all real-time data..."
…
What Wang Hao said is somewhat incredible.
They have discovered that when approaching the superconducting temperature, the AC gravity field will be activated, but the intensity is not high. So of course, the intensity of the AC gravity field is the highest when the superconducting state is reached.
Now that Wang Hao said that it is possible to encounter a higher intensity than before, others were a little confused, but they did not question it, but secretly remembered it in their hearts.
Wang Hao specifically mentioned it because similar situations may appear in his analysis.
The probability of a similar situation occurring in single-dielectric metals is very small, but it is still possible. I am particularly worried that this situation will affect the experimental process.
In fact, it's like pinching an orange with your hands. The orange is completely exploded and a lot of juice is spilled out. But if you only compare it in one direction, maybe more juice will be sprayed out before the orange bursts.
This situation is possible and is a very important signal in research.
Because the probability of occurrence was relatively small, Wang Hao just mentioned it and didn't pay special attention to it.
The experiment officially begins.
The physics laboratory is very busy, and they plan to complete all experiments within ten days.
This is definitely a process that consumes funds quickly. Two to thirty million were thrown away in ten days, which also made everyone in the laboratory excited. They all felt that a lot of funds would be consumed every minute and every second.
Everyone takes their work very seriously.
When conducting experiments, they became more serious. Meticulousness is not enough to describe it. Many people made records and calculations, and they did it several times in a row to make sure.
He Yi is responsible for coordinating the experiments.
Looking at the high cost of materials, every experiment feels like removing bones and cutting flesh. He complained to Wang Hao with a distressed grin, "The money is spent too fast. Experiments like this are rarely done."
It’s millions if you do it once.”
"The problem is, never less."
Wang Hao was very indifferent. The money was indeed consumed quickly, but the results were also very significant. He added the content step by step, and the microscopic shape was more perfect. "I have tried to reduce the number of times as much as possible."
"Six times is the minimum value. Only two experiments are conducted for each metal. Under normal circumstances, I think more than ten comparative experiments are required for each metal."
"It's a pity, the funds are too small..."
There are errors in the experimental data. The two experiments are combined and compared, and some values are analyzed in half to make the data more accurate.
The more similar experiments are done, the data will definitely be more accurate. Only two experiments were conducted, but the number of times is still too few.
But the important thing is the trend and the method. The conclusion must be derived and then it can be gradually improved. There is no need for him to improve it himself in the future.
As long as the results are made public, there will definitely be a large number of institutions doing similar research.
Research does not require AC gravity experiments, but superconducting experiments in the same field. Recording data and inferring can make the values more accurate.
This is a digital correction process.
Any given physical constant is not perfected the first time. In the following decades or hundreds of years, there will be a lot of related research, and the constants will be slowly revised, and finally a very accurate value will be obtained.
For example, the universal gravitational constant.
Newton discovered the law of universal gravitation, but even he himself did not know the value of the gravitational constant G.
More than 100 years after the discovery of the law of universal gravitation, there is still no accurate result for the universal gravitational constant. It was not until more than 100 years later that the British man Cavendish cleverly measured this constant using a torsion scale.
Later, with the development of science and technology, the constants measured by Cavendi were finely corrected.
The same is true for the current 'Element Superconducting Critical Temperature Constant'. They only need to conduct two experiments to perfect the microscopic morphology and determine the approximate value of the constant.
that's it.
…
Nine days later.
The last AC gravity experiment using 'tin' as the material has ended.
Everyone in the laboratory breathed a sigh of relief.
Wang Hao also obtained the latest data and made the final analysis, and then continued to improve the microscopic morphology together with Lin Bohan.
Then start doing the calculations.
Because there was already enough data, and it only involved some topological calculations, the calculation work was relatively simple. The two of them made calculations separately, and finally compared the calculated values.
"0.0124834."
"Unanimous!"
Seeing the completely consistent values, they all had smiles on their faces.
Later, computer-aided calculations were performed and the same values were obtained.
Only then can it be determined.
The experimental work is over.
Other core personnel are writing reports on experiments, and their experimental gains are still great. As Wang Hao said, if low-temperature materials are used for experiments, the intensity of the AC gravity field will be higher.
This is also true.
Experiments using metal tin as a material have detected the highest AC gravity strength - 24%.
The strength of this AC gravity field is very amazing. It can even be said that just to increase the intensity of the AC gravity field, it is completely worth spending more than 20 million yuan.
Wang Hao just started writing his thesis.
Everyone else knew that the experiment was to study the mechanism of superconductivity, but only Liu Yunli, He Yi and a few others knew how the research was done.
Lin Bohan participated in the shaping of microscopic morphology and the calculation of the ‘critical temperature constant of elemental superconductivity’, but he did not know much about experiments.
Wang Hao is the only one who understands everything, and he leads the experiment.
So he can only write the paper.
He wrote two papers, one was a detailed report, including the contents of the AC gravity experiment, and the other ignored the AC gravity experiment and only analyzed a general formula based on the study of superconducting microscopic morphology.
The name of the column is called the law of elemental superconductivity.
This law can be used to calculate the superconducting temperature of a single element, but the calculation of the relevant parameters is very complicated. It needs to embed the various characteristics of the element into the logic of the new geometry, and then substitute the numerical values for calculation.
However, being able to calculate it is already quite amazing.
Wang Hao spent two days sorting out the results and another week to complete all the papers.
He first submitted it to the superior department for review, and determined that the 'lite version' of the paper did not involve AC gravity field experiments, but that the purely theoretical content could be published externally.
After approval from the superior department, the article was submitted to Nature magazine.
…
There are three most famous and influential academic magazines in the world, namely "Nature", "Science" and "Cell".
"Nature" magazine is naturally very remarkable to be one of them. They may have the most highly educated editorial team in the world.
An ordinary doctorate degree is not enough to work in Nature magazine. If you want to be an editor of Nature magazine, you must also engage in postdoctoral research and achieve certain scientific research achievements in related fields.
Campbell was once an associate professor in the Department of Physics at the University of Manchester. Later, he felt that he was not suitable for scientific research, so he put down his work and became an editor at Nature magazine.
As it turned out, the editing job suited him well.
Campbell has been working for more than ten years and has reached the position of editor-in-chief. He will be very focused on reviewing every submission.
It's not easy.
Every year, more than 10,000 high-level papers are submitted to "Nature", including hundreds of physics papers. These are just "high-level" papers, and there are countless low-level and ordinary papers.
Campbell was reviewing manuscripts normally that day, and suddenly saw a submitted superconducting paper called "Superconducting Laws and Critical Constants."
He glanced at it and was shocked.
The law of superconductivity?
Critical constant?
These few words put together are absolutely extraordinary. Because they are so extraordinary, ordinary manuscripts can be put directly into the trash can.
Just like submitting proofs of world-famous conjectures to top journals, there have always been many similar papers, but more than 99.9% of them are meaningless.
However, out of caution, Campbell took another look and was attracted by the author's name.
"Is this right, Wang Hao?"
"This name seems familiar? It comes from the Physics Laboratory of Xihai University in China? Xihai University, Wang Hao..."
"The youngest Fields winner!"
Campbell's eyes widened suddenly, and he quickly downloaded the paper.
Such an important research paper, if it were a research paper by other small institutions, would not be ignored at all, but with Wang Hao's name, it is different. Can the submission of a Fields winner be deleted at will?
Even if you can’t figure out why a Fields winner would submit a physics paper to Nature magazine, you still have to read the content.
Soon Campbell was drawn to the content.
What it says is that a series of experiments were conducted to explain the superconducting phenomenon by establishing a 'microscopic morphology', and a formula was completed.
"Using this formula, the constants mentioned above, combined with microscopic morphological framework analysis, can we calculate the superconducting critical temperature of a single element?"
"How can this be!"
"If it is true, wouldn't the mechanism logic of superconductivity be cracked?"
Campbell subconsciously didn't believe it, but considering it was the thesis of the youngest Fields winner, he continued to submit the paper.
The paper quickly reached the editor-in-chief Magdalena Skipper.
As the editor-in-chief of Nature magazine, Magdalena Skipper is rarely responsible for reviewing manuscripts, and the manuscripts that are sent to her are also very rare.
Therefore, Magdalena Skipper will attach great importance to the papers submitted to the next level, because each one must be a major research.
Magdalena Skipper's reaction to seeing the content of the paper was the same as Campbell's. For a paper like this, it is impossible to determine whether it is true or false just by looking at it.
She immediately contacted an expert in the relevant field, Professor Seamus Evatt of Oxford University.
Seamus Avatt is an expert in condensed matter physics and a special reviewer of Nature magazine.
After reading the paper, Seamus Evatt was also very shocked by the content. He tried to understand "microscopic morphology" and wanted to use it to make calculations. Later, he found that it involved mathematical topology problems because it involved review.
I kept the manuscript confidential and contacted Magdalena Skipper to tell me my needs.
Magdalena Skipper contacted Steven Davis, a mathematician in the field of topology.
Steven Davis and Seamus Evatt came together to do calculations. Because the content was so shocking, they even calculated continuously for seven hours. Using the methods, formulas and constants mentioned above, they continuously calculated aluminum.
Superconducting values of tungsten and zinc.
Then comparing the determined values, it was found that the deviation was less than one percent.
"Zinc, that's right too!"
"We have done three consecutive calculations and there are no problems. I believe other superconducting metals will also have problems. In other words, is this true?"
"Is there really a so-called law of superconductivity?"
"The superconducting properties of elements can be calculated. Then compounds and organic molecules can definitely be calculated in the future. Isn't the mechanism of superconductivity equivalent to being cracked?"
"I am now very sure that this is definitely the most significant development in the field of superconductivity in decades, even more amazing than the work of Bardeen, Cooper and Xu River!"
"This is a Nobel-level achievement..."
Steven Davis and Seamus Evatt looked at each other with deep shock in their eyes.
They know that as long as the paper is published, the impact will definitely be huge.
A new round of superconducting competition in physics is coming soon!