Chapter 293 'Science' magazine: There are actually two complete conclusions
Conflicting submissions?
‘Task Two’ has been stalled for a long time.
The fact that the task can be established itself shows that the phenomenon of increasing space compression exists.
Wang Hao has always hoped to find the phenomenon of increasing space compression, because this phenomenon must be a very shocking discovery. At worst, it will be very important for human beings to understand the universe, and may also greatly improve the development of scientific theories and technology.
Therefore, Wang Hao has always hoped to find inspiration in anti-gravity experiments.
When he continued to conduct anti-gravity experiments but found nothing, he also focused on particle collision experiments. He not only looked at the results of particle collision experiments, but also analyzed and studied the data during the experiments.
Since the space squeeze phenomenon, that is, the phenomenon of enhanced annihilation force, exists, normally, it is very likely to exist in particle collision experiments, because particle collision experiments are the reactions of microscopic particles, which will definitely contain many mysteries.
.
it is a pity.
There is nothing gained from it.
Later, Wang Hao simply chose to give up temporarily, not to do targeted research, and to maintain a happy-go-lucky mentality.
Now there is a discovery...
Astronomy research?
Dark matter?
Wang Hao has not even considered astronomy or the issue of dark matter. He has always felt that dark matter and antimatter, which exist in theory, only need to be demonstrated based on the annihilation theory.
Now that annihilation theory has been developed, many scholars in the field of theoretical physics will conduct research on annihilation theory.
This situation not only occurs abroad, but also at home.
Many Ph.D.s in physics departments, as long as they are engaged in theoretical research, most of them will study annihilation theory.
A large number of scholars in the field of physics participated in the research, which also led to tremendous development of the annihilation theory.
Because of this, many people are researching in every theoretical physics direction.
Dark matter, too.
The concept of dark matter was proposed in the 1930s, when Zwicky, an astronomer at the California Institute of Technology, discovered a strange phenomenon while studying galaxy clusters -
The outer galaxies appear to be moving too fast relative to the center of the cluster.
Zwicky's colleague Smith used the best telescope in the world at the time to collect the velocities of the member galaxies in the galaxy cluster.
Using the theory of gravity, astronomers can infer the total mass of the galaxy cluster through the movement speed of the galaxy. The faster the movement speed of the galaxy, the stronger the gravitational field that binds them, which means the greater the total mass of the galaxy cluster.
Zwicky deduced from the velocity of galaxies that the mass of galaxy clusters appears to be too large, hundreds of times greater than the mass of galaxies.
Zwicky soon named the material hidden in galaxy clusters "dark matter."
Due to the lack of other independent observational evidence at that time, in the next thirty years, the concept of dark matter was mentioned from time to time, but no one took it seriously.
With the continuous development of science and technology, various astronomical detection technologies have also made more discoveries in astronomy.
Thirty years later, two researchers at the Amerikan Carnegie Institution studied a spiral galaxy and investigated in detail the rotation curves of nearby galaxies.
Their research shows that nearby spiral galaxies contain at least six times more dark matter than visible matter.
After that, many astronomical studies mentioned the concept of dark matter. The most direct evidence is the mass of galaxies obtained through spectral detection and analysis, and the study of the movement trajectories of planets and galaxies caused by gravity. There are huge differences in the calculated data.
deviation.
Up to now, the definition of dark matter in the physics community is-
Dark matter is invisible matter that is not composed of molecular atoms, but another type of elementary particle that does not exist in the standard model.
This dark matter does not emit light, but can be observed through gravitational effects.
Although there is a definition of dark matter in the academic community, in fact, all the evidence is still only astronomical analysis methods, and no other methods have been discovered.
For example, the solar system in which humans exist.
If there is a large amount of dark matter in the universe, and the proportion of dark matter is much higher than that of visible matter, why is no dark matter found in the solar system?
In addition, a large number of dark matter studies in the field of astronomy are based on the analysis of other galaxies, and research on the Milky Way itself is very rare.
For the analysis of dark matter in other galaxies, the detection and calculation methods relied on are only 'spectral analysis' of astronomical telescope images.
"What if this spectral analysis, a method of calculating mass, is affected by other factors?"
Even within the physics community, this issue is still highly controversial.
Wang Hao decided to study dark matter carefully. Of course, he would not study the definition and reports of dark matter, but would look at some theoretical foundations.
Regarding the theoretical basis of dark matter, the only one that is relatively complete is the analysis based on the cosmology of string theory.
Wang Hao only looked at the basic concepts and gave up after studying it for a while.
The basic explanation of string theory is based on the research of "cosmic brane theory" and believes that the reason why dark matter cannot be observed is not because the particles that make up it are special, but because dark matter does not exist at all in the three-dimensional universe where humans exist.
middle.
String theory believes that the universe consists of eleven dimensions and there are many 'branes'. The three-dimensional universe in which humans exist is just one of the branes, and dark matter exists on another brane in the ten-dimensional space.
Therefore, the brane of the universe where humans are located can be connected to the dark matter on another brane through gravity.
Wang Hao didn't even look at the underlying mathematical logic and directly made a two-word definition--
"Bullshit!"
It is difficult to say that this explanation of the multi-dimensional universe is wrong, because you cannot rigorously prove that it is wrong, and similarly, it is impossible to prove that it is correct.
So similar studies are simply meaningless.
So the basic question is, does dark matter exist?
Wang Hao thought carefully, "If dark matter does not exist, how can we explain the extra mass in astronomical analysis of galaxies and the universe?"
"Could it be the increase in mass caused by enhanced space extrusion..."
"This explanation makes sense, but the premise is that it must be defined. When the annihilation force increases, matter will be compressed, and even particles will be compressed."
"At the same time, the spectral effects produced by the compressed material properties will become weaker..."
Wang Hao took a deep breath while thinking.
Research is not imagination. He can imagine like this, but he can never do research like this.
He needs to think about what kind of impact it will have on particles, atoms, and molecular structures when the annihilation force is enhanced.
But first, we still need to conduct research on dark matter, because the inspiration value obtained is directly related to 'dark matter'.
"Based on annihilation theory, study dark matter..."
Wang Hao determined the direction.
After determining the research direction, he directly called Helen and Chen Mengmeng and said, "Didn't you say that you want to complete a better doctoral thesis?"
"Come study with me. I am going to study dark matter based on the annihilation theory."
Helen and Chen Mengmeng's eyes lit up when they heard this.
Chen Mengmeng immediately said, "Analysis of dark matter?"
Helen was silent.
Wang Hao shook his head and explained, "I am going to demonstrate the existence of dark matter based on the annihilation theory."
Chen Mengmeng's eyes suddenly widened.
Helen immediately asked, "So, Teacher Wang, do you think dark matter may not exist?"
Wang Hao shrugged and said, "That's why I make arguments. It is impossible to draw conclusions based on annihilation theory. We can only prove whether dark matter exists in the system of annihilation theory."
Chen Mengmeng understood and said, "If it does not exist, it means that dark matter may not be affected by the annihilation force."
"You can say that."
Wang Hao nodded appreciatively and suddenly said, "By the way, why didn't I see Paul just now?" He wanted to study with Paul Phil Jones.
Paul Phil-Jones is a theoretical physics genius who can certainly greatly improve the speed and quality of research.
Chen Mengmeng pursed her lips and smiled, then said, "Teacher Wang, I think it is better not to look for Teacher Jones recently, he..."
"What's wrong?"
"In love!"
"ah?"
Wang Hao was stunned for a moment and said strangely, "He is not young anymore. Isn't it normal to fall in love?"
"I think it's normal, but it's hard for me to understand that someone with such good conditions as Teacher Jones would find someone like that..."
Helen suddenly said, "Meng Meng, I still insist on my point of view. The human body is just a shell. Teacher Jiang must have an inner beauty that Paul appreciates."
"Teacher Jiang?" Wang Hao was stunned when he heard this.
"right."
Chen Mengmeng didn't pay attention to Helen's words at all. She immediately emphasized, "Jiang Jincui, Teacher Jiang, the one from the School of Geology... you must have seen him."
Wang Hao's mind suddenly appeared in Wang Hao's mind: a fat man in his early thirties, weighing more than 200 pounds, with a face full of flesh and a trembling trembling when he walked.
Thinking again of Paul Phil Jones, with his skinny figure, Wang Hao pursed his lips hard and said seriously to Chen Mengmeng for a long time, "Helen is right!"
"The appearance of a human being is just a shell. We cannot evaluate a person based on his external image."
"Teacher Jiang, there must be inner beauty worthy of Paul's appreciation, but we just didn't notice it."
"Since Paul likes Teacher Jiang, we can only give him our blessing."
After he finished speaking seriously, he thought about the scene of Paul Phil Jones and Jiang Jincui standing together, and quickly covered his mouth with his hands.
What an image!
You must maintain your appearance in front of students!
He glanced at Helen, and then gave Chen Mengmeng a look that said, "Actually, we have the same views."
Chen Mengmeng received it quickly and affirmed, "Helen, you are right."
Helen raised her lips and said, "Of course I am right."
…
Paul Phil-Jones really does not have the energy to participate in Wang Hao's research.
One is because he is in a relationship and is in a very tight stage.
The other is because he has his own research, he has been doing demonstrations on supersymmetry problems, and related research also covers the demonstration of parity non-conservation problems.
He hopes to use the annihilation theory to demonstrate the basis of the standard model of particles.
This is a very important topic, and it also belongs to the field of genius. Most theoretical physicists do not dare to try this direction easily.
no doubt.
Ledley Parsons is an 'average person'.
Two years ago, Parsons was considered the "number three figure" in annihilation theory, but now that a large number of scholars have joined the research field of annihilation theory, his status has been shaken.
Internationally, when it comes to fields related to annihilation theory, Ledley Parsons is still a well-known figure and is also considered a leader in the research on Amrikan's annihilation theory. However, due to the continued lack of new results, many scholars have begun to
Questioning Parsons' status.
This also gave Parsons a sense of crisis.
In the past two years, Parsons' life has been really good. He has no financial problems at all. The school and some institutions have given him enough support, and he also enjoys a free and unrestrained life.
But when there were no new research results, he was questioned by schools and scholars.
Parsons knew he had to produce results to maintain his current position.
So he began to study it seriously.
But Parson also knows that he is not that kind of super genius, and the gap between him and Paul Phil Jones is very big.
He is just an ordinary scholar with a little cleverness.
What he pursues is not theory or science, but funding and status.
Since his level is far behind that of a genius like Paul Phil Jones, he needs to make up for it in other aspects.
So he decided to study dark matter and antimatter.
Whether it is dark matter or antimatter, they are things that exist in the world of physics and are known to many people.
The same thing has not been proven in reality.
No agency has detected dark matter, and no agency has detected antimatter.
This is similar to the Big Bang argument.
As long as you can make arguments and give new explanations, no one can prove it is wrong, and it is also very high-end research to tell.
Parsons worked really hard, but he soon discovered that it was simply impractical to rely on mathematics and the underlying annihilation theory to study dark matter and antimatter, at least in the short term.
So he let his imagination run wild.
"Dark matter cannot be detected, so it can be defined as a particle between matter and mass."
"The structure of photons has a two-point-five-dimensional structure, which can define the structure of dark matter, which is between two-point five-dimensional and three-dimensional, or it can continuously jump in the form of prime numbers."
"The definition of quantum theory is that sometimes it is transformed into matter, sometimes it is transformed into particles, and its properties are uncertain."
"It is precisely because it is an uncertain structure between matter and energy that it cannot be observed."
"Continuing the analysis of the Big Bang theory, dark matter can be defined as the part that has not fully evolved after the Big Bang..."
"The Higgs field theory can also be combined in the future..."
Parsons' eyes lit up as he thought about it, "This definition means that the universe is full of dark matter, and dark matter provides the basis for the production of Higgs particles..."
This set of logical thinking was so amazing that Parsons began to feel that he was a super genius.
Of course, he knew that his research sequence was incorrect.
The normal sequence of theoretical physics research is to conduct derivation and analysis before drawing conclusions based on a certain mathematical foundation.
Parsons first "sets the imagination" and then makes mathematical arguments based on the results of the imagination.
To put it simply, after the results are obtained, the analysis process is filled in.
Therefore, most of his work is to find mathematical logic that meets the requirements to fill in and describe the imaginary conclusions.
This is like arranging the plot of a novel. Think of the ending of the plot first, and then carefully consider the details of how things will develop.
Obviously.
This method is very, very wrong when used for theoretical research.
At the same time, there may also be some logical inconsistencies in the filling process, but Parsons is indeed an excellent theoretical physicist and at least has enough foundation.
Whether it is string theory, annihilation theory, traditional quantum physics, or other physical systems, he has a lot of understanding.
He found a lot of mathematical content that "met the requirements" from string theory, annihilation theory and other physical systems, and slowly filled it into his own research.
Research has made rapid progress...
…
at the same time.
Research by Wang Hao, Helen and Chen Mengmeng has also made progress.
They use conventional research methods. They do not rush to draw conclusions, but analyze and demonstrate mathematically.
The research is based on the annihilation theory. They relied on mathematical research and analysis and found that if dark matter exists, it must be related to the production of the Higgs boson.
The Higgs boson, also known as the 'God particle', can be understood as a particle produced out of thin air in the Higgs field that exists everywhere in the universe. The particles will disappear after appearing for a short time.
The Higgs boson is considered to be the source of matter and is a particle between 'existence and non-existence'.
"Under the framework of annihilation theory, the existence of dark matter will definitely be related to the Higgs field theory."
"In addition, under the theoretical framework, if dark matter exists and is affected by the annihilation force, it will definitely exist in large amounts in the process of converting energy into matter."
"The above two items are completely in conflict!"
Helen concluded.
It is related to the Higgs field theory, that is to say, the existence of dark matter itself is the basis for the production of matter.
The Higgs particle can be understood as being produced by field force oscillations.
The conversion of energy into matter involves the problem of particle composition under the action of the annihilation force, which is consistent with Einstein's mass-energy equation.
The two are in direct conflict.
Wang Hao finally concluded, "So, even if dark matter exists, it will no longer be affected by the annihilation force and does not exist in the annihilation system structure."
The research on the existence of dark matter ends here.
…
Based on the annihilation theory, research to demonstrate the existence of dark matter has been completed, but Wang Hao’s ultimate goal is to study the issue of space squeeze enhancement.
So the research has just begun.
The recent research has yielded great results. The inspiration value of task two has increased to '60' points, which proves that the research direction and conclusion are correct.
Wang Hao asked Helen and Chen Mengmeng to summarize the results of the paper together and sent it directly to the journal Science.
Editorial Department of "Science-Physics".
Louis Johnson was sitting in front of the computer, carefully reviewing the submissions in his mailbox.
He first saw a paper called "Annihilation Theory: Analysis of Dark Matter", with the subtitle "Dark Matter-The Origin of All Things".
The author of the paper is Ledley-Parsons.
Of course Louis Johnson knows Ledley Parsons, Parsons can be said to be a big name in the theoretical physics community of Amrican, and is considered the third figure in the annihilation theory.
At the same time, he is also the second-in-command of Amrican's Annihilation Theory.
Paul Phil-Jones, of course, is also considered Amrican's physicist.
Louis-Johnson was about to download the paper to view when he saw another submission. The title explained the content very straightforwardly, "Argument that dark matter does not exist in the annihilation theoretical system."
"Dark matter does not exist in the system of annihilation theory? Are you kidding me?"
"Is this a submission from a string theory die-hard?"
"Refute directly..."
Louis-Johnson was about to reject the paper directly when he noticed the author of the submitted paper--
Wang Hao?
As for Helen Hinton and Chen Mengmeng behind, they were simply ignored.
Wang Hao’s paper?
Louis-Johnson immediately gave up the rejection operation and directly approved the review. When submitting it, he also marked the sentence, "Wang Hao's research can be published directly."
Needless to say, Wang Hao’s submission must have been approved directly and jumped in line for publication.
But what about the other one?
Louis Johnson read the title again, without even looking at the content, and already didn't know what to do.
""Annihilation Theory: Analyzing Dark Matter"?"
"The content of Wang Hao's paper is to prove that dark matter does not exist in the annihilation theory system, but this article analyzes dark matter based on the annihilation theory. Isn't it a direct conflict?"
"But the author, Parsons, is also famous!"
"Two completely conflicting research papers, Wang Hao can pass them directly, and Parsons is also very famous..."